Content

4

Chapter 1. Types of weapons of the Russian army .............................................. ..

1. Armament of the Ground Forces .............................................................. .............

1. Armament of the Navy .............................................................. ......

1. Armament of the Air Force .............................................................. .......

Conclusion………………….......................................... .................................

List of sources used………………………………………………………………………… ........

Introduction

Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (AF of Russia), - the state military organization of the Russian Federation, designed to repel aggression directed against the Russian Federation, for the armed protection of the integrity and inviolability of its territory, as well as to perform tasks in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation .

The Russian Armed Forces include the Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy; separate types of troops - Space, Airborne Troops and Strategic Missile Forces; central bodies of military command; The rear of the Armed Forces, as well as troops that are not included in the types and types of troops.

The Russian Armed Forces were formed on May 7, 1992. This is one of the largest armed forces in the world, the number of their personnel is 1 million people. The Russian Armed Forces are distinguished by the presence of the world's largest arsenal of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear weapons, and well developed system means of delivery.

Relevance: At military affairs in Russia richest history. And always Russian warriors were loved and respected by compatriots. One of the reasons for this is the high level of spirituality of the Russian military. For centuries, a code of morality has been worked out in the Russian army. His non-permanent values ​​- fidelity to duty, military honor, dignity, pride in belonging to the profession of the defender of the Fatherland - were preserved as shrines and passed down from generation to generation, tested for strength in battles and brought up by military labor in peacetime. Statesmen, commanders, military leaders, officers and generals of the Russian army tirelessly cared about increasing the glory and traditions of the troops, improving culture, and observing the rules of etiquette. Particularly great are the merits in this area of ​​Peter I, P., A. Rumyantsev, G. A. Potemkin, A. V. Suvorov, M. I. Kutuzov, F. F. Ushakov, V. A. Kornilov, P. S. Nakhimov, M. I. Dragomirova, S. O. Makarova, N. D. Skobeleva.

Purpose of the study: to acquaint students with the structure, purpose and armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Research objectives:

1. Study the weapons of the ground forces

   Consider the weapons of the navy

   Analyze the weapons of the air force

Object of study: weapons of the Russian army.

Subject of study:

Chapter 1.

1.1. Armament of the ground forces

Ground troopsare the most numerous species and form the basis of groupings of troops in strategic directions. They are designed to provide and to protect our country from external aggression on land, as well as to protect Russia within the framework of its international obligations to ensure collective security.

In terms of their combat capabilities, the Ground Forces, in cooperation with other branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, are capable of conducting an offensive in order to defeat the enemy grouping and seize its territory, to deliver fire strikes on great depth, to repel the invasion of the enemy, his large airborne assault forces, to firmly hold the occupied territories, areas and lines.

The ground forces organizationally consist of (Fig. 1) motorized rifle and tank troops, missile troops and artillery, air defense troops, which are branches of the military, as well as special troops (reconnaissance, communications, electronic warfare, engineering, NBC protection, technical support, rear protection, rear units and organizations). The basis of their combat composition is motorized rifle, tank divisions and brigades (including mountain), brigades (regiments) of military branches and special forces, organized in the army and front (district) groupings of troops (forces).

The formations and formations of the Ground Forces are the main component of the military districts: Moscow (MVO), Leningrad (LenVO), North Caucasus (SKVO), Volga-Ural (PurVO), Siberian (SibVO), Far Eastern (FOR).

Motorized rifle troops- the most numerous branch of the armed forces, which forms the basis of the Ground Forces and the core of their battle formations. They are equipped with powerful weapons to destroy ground and air targets, missile systems, tanks, artillery and mortars, anti-tank guided missiles, anti-aircraft missile systems and installations, effective means of reconnaissance and control.

Rice. 1. Structure of the Ground Forces

Tank forces- the type of troops and the main striking force of the Ground Forces. They are used mainly in the main directions for delivering powerful cutting blows to the enemy to a great depth.

Possessing great stability and firepower, high mobility and maneuverability tank forces capable of making fullest use of the results of nuclear and fire strikes and achieving the final results of combat and operations in a short time.

Rocket troops and artillery- a branch of the Ground Forces, which is the main means of fire and nuclear destruction in front-line and army (corps) operations and in combined arms combat. Designed to destroy nuclear weapons, manpower, artillery, other fire weapons and enemy targets.

Air defense troops- a branch of the Ground Forces, designed to repel enemy air attacks and protect groupings of troops and rear facilities from air strikes.

The successful fulfillment by the combined-arms formations of the tasks facing them is ensured by special troops (engineering, radiation, chemical and biological protection, etc.) and services (weapons, rear).

Special Troops- military units, institutions and organizations designed to ensure the combat activities of the Ground Forces and solve their inherent special tasks.

In addition to small arms (Fig. 2-5), the Ground Forces are armed with tanks (T-90 - Fig. 6, T-80U, T-72, T-64, T-62, T-54/55), armored personnel carriers ( BTR-60/70/80 - Fig. 7), infantry fighting vehicles (BMP-1/2/3 - Fig. 8), combat reconnaissance and patrol vehicles (BRDM), howitzers (Fig. 9) and 122-caliber guns 203 mm, mortars of caliber 82 (Fig. 10), 120, 160 and 240 mm, multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS of caliber 122, 140, 220, 240 and 300 mm - Fig. 11), anti-tank weapons (hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers, anti-tank missile systems, cannons), military air defense systems (self-propelled anti-aircraft installations, anti-aircraft missile systems, portable anti-aircraft missile systems), Tochka-U tactical missiles, Mi-8 helicopters (Fig. 12), Mi-24, Mi- 26.

Rice. 2. Makarov pistol (PM): caliber - 9 mm; barrel length - 93 mm; magazine capacity - 8 rounds; weight with a loaded magazine - 810 g; effective firing range - 25 m; combat rate of fire - 30 rounds / min; muzzle velocity - 315 m/s

Rice. 3. Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD): caliber 7.62 mm; length - 1220 mm: barrel length - 620 mm; muzzle velocity - 830 m/s; magazine capacity - 10 rounds; weight with an equipped magazine - 4.51 kg; effective range - 1300 m

Rice. 4. Kalashnikov assault rifle (LK-74M): caliber - 5.45 mm; magazine capacity - 30 rounds; weight without bayonet and cartridges - 2.71 kg; rate of fire - 600 rounds / min; effective range - 1000 m

Rice. 5. Machine gun NSV-127 "Kord": caliber - 12.7 mm; weight - 25 kg; tape capacity - 50 rounds; combat rate of fire 650-750 rounds / min; muzzle velocity - 820-860 m/s; effective range - 2000 m

Rice. 6. Tank T-90 "Black Eagle": length - 9.5 m; height - 2.225 m; width - 3.78 m; weight - 48 tons; power - 840 l. e.; maximum speed - 70 km / h; range - 550-650 km; armament - 125 mm smoothbore gun, 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun, 7.62 mm PKT machine gun, ATGM; ammunition - 43 shells, 300 rounds of 12.7 mm caliber, 2000 rounds of 7.62 mm caliber; crew - 3 people

Rice. 7. Armored personnel carrier BTR-80: combat weight - 13.6 g; length - 7.6 m; width - 2.9 m; height - 2.3 m; armament - 14.5 mm coaxial machine gun, 7.62 mm anti-aircraft machine gun; maximum speed on the highway (afloat) - 80 (9) km / h; cruising range on the highway - 600 km; engine power - 260 l. e.; combat crew - 10 people (3 people - crew, 7 people - landing)

Rice. 8. Infantry fighting vehicle BMP-3: combat weight - 18.7 tons; length - 6.7 m; width - 3.3 m; height - 2.65 m; engine power - 500 l. e.; maximum speed ho highway (afloat) - 70 (10) km / h; cruising range on the highway - 600 km; rate of fire - 300 rounds / min; firing range - 4000 m; armament - 100 mm gun; ammunition - 40 ATGM rounds; combat crew - 10 people (3 people - crew, 7 people - landing)

Rice. 9. Self-propelled howitzer "Acacia": caliber - 152 mm; combat weight - 27.5 tons; mass of a high-explosive fragmentation projectile (cumulative) - 43.56 (27.4) kg; muzzle velocity - 655 m/s; armor penetration cumulative projectile- 250 mm; maximum firing range - 17400 m; rate of fire - 4 shots / min; ammunition - 46 shots; engine power - 520 l. e.; highway speed - 60 km / h; power reserve - 500 km; calculation (crew) - 6 (4) people

Rice. 10. Mortar 2B14-1 "Tray": caliber - 82 mm; firing range - 4270 m; rate of fire - 24 rounds / min; calculation - 4 people; weight - 39 kg; ammunition - 120 shots

Rice. 11. Multiple launch rocket system "Smerch": caliber - 300 mm; number of guides - 12; projectile weight - 800 kg; firing range - 20-70 km; area affected by one volley - 67.2 hectares; full salvo time - 40 s; power reserve - 900 km; calculation - 4 people

Rice. 12. Transport combat helicopter Mi-8: length - 18.22 m; height - 5.65 m; diameter of the main screw - 21.29 m; maximum takeoff weight - 12200 kg; cruising speed - 225 km / h; range - 465 km; ceiling - 4500 m; crew - 2-3 people; payload - 4000 kg in the cab or 3000 kg on the suspension; armament - 7.62 mm or 12.7 mm machine gun; combat load - 1000 kg (PU, bombs or ATGMs)

1.2. Armament of the navy

A warship is a ship belonging to the armed forces of a state, bearing the external markings of nationality, under the command of an officer who is in the service of his state, and also manned by a crew who are subject to regular discipline. A warship flying the flag of its own state has sovereignty, which guarantees against interference by officials of another state. Warships are the property of the country, and wherever they are, they are subject only to its laws.

Each warship, as a rule, is equipped with several types of weapons, of which one is the main one, designed to solve the main tasks, and the rest are auxiliary, to perform additional tasks and self-defense. To control weapons, provide navigation, communications and monitoring the situation, ships are equipped with radio-electronic and other technical means. The ships are driven by steam, diesel, diesel-electric, gas turbine, combined or nuclear power plants. Depending on the purpose, displacement, armament and other qualities, ships are divided (classified) into classes, subclasses and types, as well as in a number of fleets in order to determine seniority, in particular the Russian Navy and the Ukrainian Navy, ships are divided into ranks.

CLASSES OF DOMESTIC MODERN FIGHTING SHIPS

BY WEAPONS AND PURPOSE

Aircraft carriers - as the main armament, they have airplanes and helicopters used in solving combat missions, as well as for transporting goods and people, communications between ships of the formation. Equipped with means to ensure the basing and operation of aircraft.

Large warships designed to destroy enemy submarines, surface ships and ships at sea, provide amphibious landings, fire support for ground forces and solve other combat missions at sea.

Destroyers (destroyers) are warships designed to destroy enemy submarines and surface ships (vessels), conduct anti-submarine and air defense of their surface ships and ships at sea and in battle, to ensure the landing of amphibious assault forces, sea transportation, fire support for troops on the coast, mine laying and other tasks.

Anti-submarine ships (large anti-submarine ships, small anti-submarine ships) - designed to combat submarines, provide anti-submarine defense of formations of ships, convoys and landings at the sea crossing. Anti-submarine ships are capable of operating both in remote areas of the seas and oceans, and in the seas adjacent to the country's territory. To do this, anti-submarine ships are equipped with sonar systems for searching and detecting submarines, classifying them, tracking them and issuing target designations for weapons. These ships are armed with anti-submarine missiles and torpedoes, jet bombers for throwing depth charges. As well as anti-aircraft missiles and artillery systems. As a rule, they have anti-submarine helicopters on board.

Designed for transportation military equipment and personnel

Mine-sweeping ships - designed for mine defense

Rocket and artillery ships - as the main armament they have guided missile weapons and artillery

Patrol ships - designed to carry out patrol service, anti-submarine defense, air defense and anti-ship protection of formations and convoys

ships special purpose(headquarters, reconnaissance)

BY NAVIGATION AREA

ships of the far sea zone

coastal sailing ships

ships of inland navigation (river) and mixed navigation

BY METHOD OF MOVEMENT

displacement ships

submarines (strategic missile submarines (SSBN), nuclear-powered with cruise missiles, multi-purpose nuclear submarines with torpedo or torpedo-missile armament, non-nuclear submarines with torpedo or torpedo-missile armament)

with dynamic maintenance principles - hydrofoil ship, air cavity ship

BY TYPE OF MAIN POWER PLANT

with a nuclear power plant

with gas turbine power plant

with diesel power plant

BY ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL TYPE AND NUMBER OF PROPELLER SHAFTS

monohull ships

double-hulled ships

single-deck (multi-deck) ships

single-shaft (two-shaft) ships

AUXILIARY VESSELS (SUPPLY VESSELS)

Auxiliary ships of war or support ships of the auxiliary fleet are ships that are not warships, but belong to the armed forces or are under their exclusive control and have external national markings. Auxiliary military vessels are not designed to perform combat missions. Their main purpose is combat or logistic support for fleet operations at sea and in roadsteads. Military support vessels can be equipped with both a military crew and civilian personnel (team). Auxiliary ships are military vessels, regardless of whether the ship is commanded by a commander (officer) or a captain (civilian). Auxiliary warships have the same sovereign immunity as warships due to the fact that they are owned by the state, or temporarily operated in government non-commercial service. Like warships, auxiliary ships have exclusive sovereignty over the actions of the crew (ship's crew) and passengers on board.

Depending on the purpose and performance characteristics, auxiliary vessels, like warships, are divided into classes, and within classes - into subclasses, taking into account the cruising range, tonnage or specialization.

TYPES OF AUXILIARY SHIPS

Auxiliary vessels are divided into training ships, mother ships, wholesale ships, search and rescue, hospital ships, loaders, torpedo boats, cable ships, hydrographic ships, transports and so on.

TYPES OF SUPPLY VESSELS

Support vessels include basic watercraft, which include tugs, barges, floating cranes and the like.

Summing up this publication, I would like to note that the naval strategies of the leading states of the world, based on the geopolitical realities of the 21st century, have led to a change in the methods and methods of conducting naval battles and organizing fleet forces. First of all, this is due to the creation in the USA, Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany and a number of other countries of rapid deployment forces, the core of which was aircraft carriers and universal landing ships. In this regard, one of the main trends in the development of fleets is a new stage of their "aviation". According to experts, in the 21st century, aircraft carriers will regain the role of the “backbone” of the navies of the great powers.

As you know, aircraft carriers form the basis of an aircraft carrier strike group, which includes modern warships of various classes. So destroyers, in turn, are approaching cruisers in terms of combat capabilities, frigates - to, - to frigates.

Patrol boats are widely used. This publication shows a trend towards the creation of multi-purpose boats built on a modular basis, on which, depending on the tasks, a set of weapons can quickly change.

Naval impacts of the 21st century, primarily in local conflicts, are characterized by air-land-sea operations in coastal areas. For the amphibious forces, the decisive factor was the conduct of an “over-the-horizon” landing operation, the main means of delivering the landing force of which were transport and assault helicopters. All this led to an increase in the role of amphibious assault ships with the presence of aviation assets and a decrease in the role of amphibious assault ships that are not armed with regular group-based helicopters and convertoplanes.

Thus, the most promising ships of the amphibious forces should include universal landing ships and landing helicopter-carrying dock ships, and the production of tank landing ships with direct landing will be limited.

In addition to nuclear submarines, which are in service with the navies of some of the leading countries of the world, recently there has been an active development of non-nuclear submarines, which are characterized by low cost and allow less wealthy countries to buy them. In addition, nuclear submarines dominate in such an important criterion as acoustic stealth. The creation of non-nuclear submarines with air-independent power plants provides significant advantages. It is believed that this particular class of submarines will become the basis of the submarine forces of non-nuclear states in the near future.future

1.3. Armament of the Air Force.

Air Force- the most mobile and maneuverable type designed to protect the centers, regions of the country (administrative, industrial and economic), groupings of troops and important objects from enemy attacks from air and space, to ensure the actions of the Ground Forces and , delivering strikes against enemy air, land and sea groupings, its administrative-political and military-economic centers.

The main tasks of the Air Force in modern conditions are:

opening the beginning of an attack by an air enemy;

notification of the main headquarters of the Armed Forces, headquarters of military districts, fleets, bodies civil defense about the beginning of an enemy air attack;

gaining and maintaining air supremacy;

covering troops and rear facilities from aerial reconnaissance, air and space strikes;

air support for the Ground Forces and the Navy;

destruction of objects of the military-economic potential of the enemy;

violation of the military and state administration of the enemy;

the destruction of nuclear missile, anti-aircraft and aviation groups of the enemy and his reserves, as well as air and sea landings;

defeating enemy ship groupings at sea, in the ocean, at naval bases, in ports and bases;

dropping military equipment and landing troops;

transportation by air of troops and military equipment;

conducting strategic, operational and tactical air reconnaissance;

control over the use of airspace in the border zone.

In peacetime, the Air Force performs the tasks of protecting the state border of Russia in the airspace, notifying about the flights of foreign reconnaissance vehicles in the border zone.

The air force includes the air armies of the Supreme Command for Strategic Purposes and the Supreme Command for Military Transport Aviation; Moscow Air Force and Air Defense District; armies of the Air Force and Air Defense: separate corps of the Air Force and Air Defense.

The Air Force includes the following types of troops (Fig. 1):

aviation (types of aviation - bomber, assault, fighter, air defense, reconnaissance, transport and special);

anti-aircraft missile troops;

radio engineering troops;

special troops;

units and institutions of the rear.

bomber aviationIt is armed with long-range (strategic) and front-line (tactical) bombers of various types. It is designed to defeat groupings of troops, destroy important military, energy facilities and communication centers mainly in the strategic and operational depth of the enemy’s defense. The bomber can carry bombs of various calibers, both conventional and nuclear, as well as air-to-surface guided missiles.

Attack aircraftdesigned for aviation support of troops, destruction of manpower and objects mainly on cutting edge, in the tactical and immediate operational depth of the enemy, as well as orders to combat enemy aircraft in the air.

Rice. 1. Structure of the Air Force

One of the main requirements for an attack aircraft is the high accuracy of hitting ground targets. Armament: large-caliber guns, bombs, rockets.

Fighter aviationair defense is the main maneuvering force of the air defense system and is designed to cover the most important directions and objects from enemy air attack. It is capable of destroying the enemy at maximum ranges from the defended objects.

Air defense aviation is armed with air defense fighter aircraft, combat helicopters, special and transport aircraft and helicopters.

reconnaissance aviationDesigned to conduct aerial reconnaissance of the enemy, terrain and weather, can destroy enemy hidden objects.

Reconnaissance flights can also be carried out by bomber, fighter-bomber, attack and fighter aircraft. To do this, they are specially equipped with photographic equipment for day and night shooting at various scales, radio and radar stations with high resolution, heat direction finders, sound recording and television equipment, and magnetometers.

Reconnaissance aviation is subdivided into tactical, operational and strategic reconnaissance aviation.

Transport aviationdesigned to transport troops, military equipment, weapons, ammunition, fuel, food, airborne landings, evacuation of the wounded, sick, etc.

Special aviationdesigned for long-range radar detection and guidance, refueling aircraft in the air, maintaining electronic warfare, radiation, chemical and biological protection, management and communications, meteorological and technical support, rescue of crews in distress, evacuation of the wounded and sick.

Anti-aircraft missile troopsdesigned to protect the country's most important facilities and groupings of troops from enemy air strikes.

They constitute the main firepower of the air defense system and are armed with anti-aircraft missile systems and anti-aircraft missile systems for various purposes, which have great firepower and high accuracy in destroying enemy air attack weapons.

Radio engineering troops - the main source of information about an air enemy and are designed to conduct its radar reconnaissance, control over the flights of its aviation and compliance with the rules for the use of airspace by aircraft of all departments.

They issue information about the beginning of an air attack, combat information for anti-aircraft missile forces and air defense aviation, as well as information for controlling air defense formations, units and subunits.

Radio-technical troops are armed with radar stations and radar complexes capable of detecting not only air but also surface targets at any time of the year and day, regardless of meteorological conditions and interference.

Units and divisions of communicationsare intended for the deployment and operation of communication systems in order to ensure command and control of troops in all types of combat activities.

Units and subdivisions of electronic warfaredesigned to interfere with airborne radars, bomb sights, communications and radio navigation means of enemy air attack.

Units and divisions of communications and radio engineering supportdesigned to provide control of aviation units and subunits, aircraft navigation, takeoff and landing of aircraft and helicopters.

Units and divisions of engineering troops,as well asunits and divisions of radiation, chemical and biological protectionare designed to perform the most complex tasks of engineering and chemical support, respectively.

The Air Force is armed with Tu-160 (Fig. 2), Tu-22MZ, Tu-95MS, Su-24, Su-34, MiG-29, MiG-27, MiG-31 aircraft of various modifications (Fig. 3), Su -25, Su-27, Su-39 (Fig. 4), MiG-25R, Su-24MP, A-50 (Fig. 5), An-12, An-22, An-26, An-124, Il -76, IL-78; helicopters Mi-8, Mi-24, Mi-17, Mi-26, Ka-31, Ka-52 (Fig. 6), Ka-62; anti-aircraft missile systems S-200, S-300, S-300PM (Fig. 7), S-400 "Triumph", radar stations and complexes "Opponent-G", "Nebo-U", "Gam - ma-DE" , "Gamma-C1", "Casta-2".

Rice. 2. Tu-160 strategic supersonic bomber bomber: wingspan - 35.6 / 55.7 m; length - 54.1 m; height - 13.1 m; maximum takeoff weight - 275 tons; maximum combat load - 45 tons; cruising speed - 960 km / h; range - 7300 km; ceiling - 18000 m; weapons - missiles, bombs (including nuclear); crew - 4 people

Rice. 3. Multipurpose fighter MiG-31F/FZ: wingspan - 13.46 m; length - 22.67 m; height - 6.15 m; maximum takeoff weight - 50,000 kg; cruising speed - 2450 km / h; range - 3000 km; combat radius of action - 650 km; ceiling - 20,000 m; armament - 23-mm six-barreled gun (260 rounds, rate of fire - 8000 rounds / min); combat load - 9000 kg (UR, bombs); crew - 2 people

Rice. 4. Attack aircraft Su-39: wingspan - 14.52 m; length - 15.33 m; height - 5.2 m; maximum speed near the ground - 2450 km / h; range - 1850 km; ceiling - 18,000 m; armament - 30 mm cannon; combat load - 4500 kg (ATGM with ATGM. RCC, NUR, R. bombs - conventional, induced, cluster, nuclear)

Rice. 5. A-50 long-range radar detection and control aircraft: wingspan - 50.5 m; length - 46.59 m; height - 14.8 m; normal takeoff weight - 190,000 kg; maximum cruising speed - 800 km / h; range - 7500 km; ceiling - 12000 m; target detection range: air - 240 km, surface - 380 km; crew - 5 people + 10 people tactical calculation

Rice. 6. Combat attack helicopter Ka-52 "Alligator": rotor diameter - 14.50 m; length with rotating screws - 15.90 m; maximum weight - 10,400 kg; ceiling - 5500 m; range - 520 km; armament - 30-mm cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition; combat load - 2000 kg on 4 hardpoints (ATGM, unified containers with machine-gun and cannon weapons, NUR, UR); crew - 2 people

Rice. 7. Anti-aircraft missile system S-300-PM: hit targets - aircraft, cruise and tactical missiles of all types; affected area - range 5-150 km, height 0.025-28 km; the number of simultaneously hit targets - up to 6; the number of simultaneously aimed missiles at the target - 12; readiness for combat work from the march - 5 minutes

Conclusion:

The armed forces of the Russian Federation are the most important state organization to protect the population and territories from external and internal enemies, and also act as a means of political settlement of world conflicts

Navy The Russian Federation is intended mainly for delivering strikes against important enemy targets and defeating its naval forces in the oceanic (maritime) theater of operations.

The modern Navy of the Russian Federation possesses nuclear missile power, great mobility of ships and air groups, great autonomy, and the ability to operate in all weather conditions in various regions of the World Ocean.

The Navy of the Russian Federation consists of branches of forces: underwater, surface, naval aviation, coastal missile and artillery troops and marines.

The Russian Navy consists of four fleets (Northern, Pacific, Baltic and Black Sea) and the Caspian Flotilla and includes the types of forces: submarine forces, surface forces, naval aviation, coastal troops (motorized rifle, tank formations and units, Marines and coastal rocket and artillery troops), support and maintenance units and subunits.

creation of conditions for the security of the economic activity of Russia or the economic structures representing it;

timely detection of a threatening development of the military-political situation or the preparation of an armed attack on the Russian Federation and (or) its allies;

use of military force.

List of used sources.

Retired Major General Igor Pokhlopko: “There is no brotherhood holier than the army!” // February 23, 2012 No. 35 - vsr.mil.by/index/35__2.html?publication=35.// Belarusian Military Newspaper (vsr.mil .by/)

http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/av-strat.htm - www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/av-strat.htm Russia: Long-range aviation". GlobalSecurity.org .2011 . ( English.)

veinik/articles/0e/848/attach.docRussian army under fifth traders].// The Russian army under the heel of traders. Veinik V. A. Manuscript, October 11, 2013

Drogovoz I. G. "The Air Shield of the Land of the Soviets" // Part 4. Sunset, Chapter 1 "Above the Abyss". - Minsk: "Harvest", 2002. - S. 441. - ISBN 985-13-1390-4

Retired Major General Igor Pokhlopko: “There is no brotherhood holier than the army!” // February 23, 2013 No. 35 - vsr.mil.by/index/35__2.html?publication=35.// Belarusian Military Newspaper (vsr.mil .by/)

The development of the branches of the Armed Forces and branches of service - goup32441.narod.ru/files/ogp/001_oporn_konspekt/2009/2009-04-3.html.// combat training divisions (goup32441.narod.ru

Explanatory note

The topic of my individual project is called : Types of weapons of the Russian army.

Relevance: Military affairs in Russia have a rich history. And always Russian warriors were loved and respected by compatriots. One of the reasons for this is the high level of spirituality of the Russian military. For centuries, a code of morality has been worked out in the Russian army. His non-permanent values ​​- fidelity to duty, military honor, dignity, pride in belonging to the profession of the defender of the Fatherland - were preserved as shrines and passed down from generation to generation, tested for strength in battles and brought up by military labor in peacetime. Statesmen, commanders, military leaders, officers and generals of the Russian army tirelessly cared about increasing the glory and traditions of the troops, improving culture, and observing the rules of etiquette. Particularly great are the merits in this area of ​​Peter I, P., A. Rumyantsev, G. A. Potemkin, A. V. Suvorov, M. I. Kutuzov, F. F. Ushakov, V. A. Kornilov, P. S. Nakhimov, M. I. Dragomirova, S. O. Makarova, N. D. Skobeleva.

Purpose of the study: to acquaint students with the structure, purpose and armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Research objectives:

Study the weapons of the ground forces.

Consider the weapons of the navy.

Analyze the weapons of the air force.

Object of study: weapons of the Russian army.

Subject of study: find out the role of weapons in the political life of the country.

As a result of the work done, we came to the following conclusions:

that the armed forces of the Russian Federation perform the following vital tasks:

maintaining safe conditions for the life of Russian citizens in zones of armed conflicts and political or other instability;

creating conditions for the security of Russia's economic activity;

protection of national interests in territorial waters, on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone of Russia, as well as in the World Ocean;

carrying out, by decision of the President of the Russian Federation, operations using the forces and means of the Armed Forces in regions that are the sphere of vital economic and political interests of the Russian Federation;

organization and conduct of information confrontation.

maintaining the state of combat and mobilization readiness of the country, strategic nuclear forces, forces and means that ensure their functioning and use, as well as control systems in order to inflict the specified damage on the aggressor if necessary;

maintaining the combat potential and mobilization readiness of groupings of general-purpose troops (forces) at a level that ensures the repulsion of aggression on a local scale;

maintaining readiness for strategic deployment when the country is transferred to wartime conditions;

organization of territorial defense.

containment of military and military-political threats to security or encroachments on the interests of the Russian Federation;

protection of the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation;

carrying out military operations in peacetime;

use of military force.

You can get acquainted with the list of used literature sources on the presented slide.

Defense support in each country is provided by the Armed Forces. For the clear and timely fulfillment of legal duties, the military organization in our country has formed structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

The armed forces were created to protect their national interest on the global space, to localize military threats from outside.

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are also involved in events, mainly not related to them, for example:

• fight organized crime groups together with the police;
• save general security CIS countries;
• for peacekeeping missions.

Our Armed Forces form: bodies of central military administration, associations, formations, military units, organizations attached to the troops.

Composition and structure of the RF Armed Forces in 2019

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief is the President of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with his obligations under the Constitution, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is in charge of managing the mechanism for maintaining the Armed Forces in a combat-ready form in order to neutralize threats to national security. Preparations are made to prevent possible attacks in the future.

Central governing bodies: the Ministry of Defense, the General Staff, departments that have their own functions, with subordination to the relevant deputies of the Minister of Defense or the Minister of Defense himself. The commanders-in-chief of the types of aircraft belong to the central governing bodies.

The structure and composition of the types and genera of the Russian Army

The organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consists of 3 types of troops of Russia, 3 separate types of troops, Logistics, as well as the Cantonment Service, which is not a type of the Armed Forces.

The structure of the Russian Armed Forces was also created based on territorial affiliation.

Geographically, our country is divided into 4 military districts:

• western military district - ZVO,
• eastern military district - VVO,
• central military district - Central Military District,
• southern military district - SVO.

The structure of the branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, three types of Armed Forces are legally provided for in areas of action on land, on water and in the air:

Ground troops

The ground forces now have the largest number of servicemen among the branches of the RF Armed Forces. The primary area of ​​​​action is the implementation of offensive activity, in the form of eliminating the opposing side, with further liberation and preservation of positions, and repelling attacking large landing formations. Conducting artillery and rocket fire at a distance of considerable depth.

The ground forces include types of troops ready to solve tasks on an individual or group basis:

Motorized rifle troops

Motorized rifle troops - having the largest number among the military branches belonging to the Ground Forces.

In technical armament, motorized rifle troops in this moment equipped with armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles, and are able to support the fastest possible movement of infantry groups. It is also possible to include, in addition to motorized rifle troops: tank, artillery and other units. With the participation of tank formations, they are capable of solving certain tasks: during the defense - holding occupied areas, repelling attacks from the opposing side, and destroying attacking groups.

In offensive breakthroughs (counter-offensive) - overcoming (breaking through) the defended lines, defeating the opposing units, capturing the desired heights, pursuing the retreating. It is possible to deploy oncoming battles together with naval and tactical airborne groups.

Tank forces

Tank troops - play the role of the dominant strike power, which is characterized by increased cross-country ability, maneuverability. They are resistant to the use of nuclear and weapons of mass destruction. Thanks to their technical equipment, tank troops are able to carry out a breakthrough, to develop a successful course of battle events, which is their main task.

Often able to perform tasks with the involvement of motorized rifle units. In defensive duties, they secure motorized rifle groups when fending off offensive movements of the attacking side and perform counterattack maneuvers. Armored-tank troops (BTV) can be replenished with: artillery, motorized rifles, rocket launchers.

Rocket troops and artillery

Their primary goal is to deliver a nuclear fire strike to the opposing side. Equipped with rocket and cannon artillery. Rocket and artillery troops are armed with howitzer, rocket, anti-tank artillery, mortars.

Purposes:

• in the suppression of opposing factions by fire;
• neutralization of their nuclear means of attack, manpower, specialized and military equipment;
• in the implementation of disorganization measures towards the opposing side.

Air Defense Forces

Air defense troops - are obliged to cover their units from enemy attacks from the air, when carrying out operations of a combined arms nature, conducting marches.

Their main tasks are:

• regular combat duty, during air defense;
• detection of attacks from the air and notification of their protected units;
• neutralization of attacks during departure;
• performance of anti-missile defense in the place of battles.

The organization of these troops is: military command and control bodies, command headquarters, anti-aircraft missile (rocket and artillery) and radio engineering units.

Reconnaissance, military formations and units are special forces with a wide range of tasks. Their goal is to provide the command headquarters with information about the movements of the opposing side, the characteristics of the adjacent territories, weather conditions. This is necessary for the leadership to make an extremely balanced decision and prevent unexpected breakthroughs by the opposing side.

Combined-arms formations and special troops are engaged in reconnaissance activities.

Along with combined arms operations, these formations and units are called upon to perform certain tasks:

• revealing the intentions of the opposing side about the upcoming attack and preventing such surprise;
• determination of the number in the units of the opposing side and the scheme of its leadership;
• detection of target points for elimination.

Engineering Troops

Performing more complex tasks in engineering support, which is required for combined arms operations. These military formations require specialized training, possession of engineering weapons.

Along with the general military tasks, the IWs are prepared to solve certain tasks:

• conduct engineering reconnaissance of adjacent territories;
• work on the construction of shelters and buildings for advanced and auxiliary formations;
• work on the installation of barriers, mining;
• mine clearing activities;
• maintenance of military roads in working order;
• arrangement and maintenance of a water crossing;
• clean water supply;
• performing disguise.

RKhBZ - troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection

- based on its name, the mission of these troops is very responsible work to reduce the impact of radioactive, chemical and biological contamination in combat conditions.
The primary tasks of these troops are as follows:

• actions to identify the degree of infection;
• defensive actions for other combat units;
• camouflage actions;
• neutralization of infections.

Signal Corps

They are working to deploy communication systems for command and control of troops. Support is within the competence automated systems and means of command points.

Aerospace Force

it newest look The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which includes the Air Force (Air Force) and the Aerospace Defense Forces (VVKO).

VKS are:
The Air Force, representing the branch of the armed forces, with its missions having:

• countering attacks from the air;
• elimination of opposing forces by conventional or nuclear means of attack;
• army air support.

The Space Forces are called upon to perform a wide range of duties:

• are engaged in monitoring threats from the space sector and their reflection;
• launch spacecraft;
• tracking satellites;
• are engaged in monitoring and maintaining the combat capability of satellites.

Navy

This branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation performs the protective functions of our state in the sea and ocean zones.

The fleet is capable of nuclear strikes on enemy land and sea positions, escort peaceful ships, assist land operations, and carry out landings.

The Navy includes:

surface forces They are engaged in covering submarines, transporting landing forces, insuring them, and in addition mining and demining.

submarine forces have nuclear-powered strategic and multi-purpose submarines. Their tasks include:

• destruction of the military points of the opposing side on the ground;
• liquidation of underwater and surface ships;
• reconnaissance activities;
• landing of special groups on enemy territory;
• mining.

Naval aviation

This type of troops is intended:

• search and liquidation of enemy military naval facilities (convoys, ships, bases);
• protecting their ships from air threats;
• elimination of opposing aircraft;
• reconnaissance activities;
• indicating the right direction for their advanced units.

Coastal troops of the Russian Navy

Their areas of action:

• are engaged in covering their units and the population on the coastal area;
• protect naval bases;
• engaged in landing;
• joint operations with ground units in countering the landing groups of the opposing side;
• engaged in the liquidation of ships, boats, transport facilities of the enemy.

Structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Also, in addition to the types of troops in the Russian Army, there are types of troops and their structure will be presented below.

- are included in the ground strategic nuclear forces (SNF), maintaining combat readiness on an ongoing basis.

Responsibilities in preventing a probable nuclear attack and inflicting nuclear attacks on the opposing side.

- assigned to the reserve of the Supreme Commander. They cover the opposing forces from the air and carry out combat raids on the rear of the enemy territory, neutralize the landing force and other enemy groupings.

Home front troops

Rear - is engaged in the supply of the army, while maintaining a decent life. Peacetime tasks cannot be of an educational nature, because in peacetime and wartime, full-fledged provision of troops is needed. This refers to the delivery of products, medical care, clothing, footwear, technical devices, ammunition.

Troops not included in the types and types of troops

The provided structures of the RF Armed Forces our country has everything it needs regarding defensive, security functions, and the protection of its population.

Some samples and characteristics of Russian military equipment.

Title: Perspective aviation complex front-line aviation PAK-FA: T-50

Type: fifth generation multirole fighter

Developer: Sukhoi Design Bureau, Russia

Crew: 1

Length, m: 19.7

Height, m: 4.7

Wingspan, m: 14

Wing area, m2: 79

Masses, kg:

Empty: 18500

Normal takeoff: 26000

Maximum takeoff: 36000

Fuel in internal tanks: 10400

Speed, km/h:

At height: 2440 (M=2.3)

Near the ground: 1700

Practical ceiling, m: 20000

Rate of climb, m/sec: 330

Maximum operating overload: 10.5

Takeoff / run length, m: 350/350

Practical range, km:

4300 without PTB,

5500 with 2 PTB

Range, km: 1500…1800

Flight duration: up to 5.8 hours

Engine: 2 TRDDF Saturn "Product 117S" AL-41F1 (flying at supersonic speed without afterburner and resource increased to 4000 hours, in 2016 it is planned to install a promising engine "Product 129", which has flat nozzles to reduce radar visibility).

Thrust, kgf:

Max: 2x8800

Afterburner: 2x14500

Name: Tank T-14 "Armata"

Type: main tank

Manufacturer: KB UralVagonZavod, Russia

Crew, people: 3

Length, body m: 8.35

Length with gun forward, m: 10.40

Width, m: 4

Height, m: 2.80 on the roof of the tower

Combat weight, kg: 57000

Engine: 12 - cylinder, X-shaped diesel turbo piston engine A-85-3A (aka 12N360 and 2V12-3)

Power, hp: lowered from 1500 to 1200 to save engine life

Dry engine weight, kg: 1550

Speed, km/h:

Highway: 70

Power reserve, km: 520

Armament:

1 x 125mm 2A82 smoothbore gun capable of firing guided missiles

1 x 7.62 mm tank modernized Kalashnikov machine gun

1x12.7 mm machine gun "Kord" (6P49) is mounted synchronously with the commander's panorama

Like a tank gun, machine gun control is remote-digital

Ammunition, pcs:

Shots to the gun: 45 (of which 32 in the automatic loader)

Cartridges for machine guns: caliber 7.62 - 2000 pcs. Ammunition ready for battle - 1000 rounds. Another 1000 rounds in the belts at the rear of the turret.

Caliber 12.7 mm - 300 pcs. and 300 cartridges in tapes are stored in a box

Loading: automatic loader

Rate of fire in combat conditions, rds / min: 10

Target detection range, m: up to 5000

Target engagement range, m: up to 7000

Built on the universal tracked platform "Armata", it uses the best practices from the projects of experimental tanks T-95 and "Black Eagle". The tank is larger and heavier than the T-90 and has seven rollers on board. The crew consists of three people. Among the main features of "Armata" is an uninhabited tower. None of the crew members are stationed in the tower during the battle. Resistant armor is created using a new grade of steel, and the addition of ceramic and composite layers. Steel grade 44S-SV-Sh was created at JSC Research Institute of Steel.

The operation of the tower is fully automated and has remote control. Emphasis was placed on the comfort and safety of the crew. The crew must be better protected than any other tank in the world. The capsule has active protection.

Name: T-72B

Type: main tank

Developer: Design Bureau of the Ural Carriage Works, Russia

Start of production: 1985

Combat weight, t: 42.5

Crew, people: 3

Dimensions:

Length (with gun forward), m: 9.53

Width, m: 3.46

Height (on the roof of the tower), m: 2.226

Clearance, m: 0.47

Booking: anti-projectile combined with hinged dynamic protection

Armament: 1 x 125 mm 2A46M cannon 1 x 7.62 mm PKT machine gun 1 x 12.7 mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun

1 x 9K120 Svir guided weapon system (ATGM 9M112 with radio control and optical feedback)

Cannon firing range, m:

Maximum: 4000

Effective: n/a

Projectile weight: up to 23kg

Early projectile speed, m / s: up to 850 (at 23 kg) up to 1700 (at 7.05 kg)

Ammunition for the gun, pcs.: 45

Ammunition for the PKT machine gun, piece: 2000

Ammunition for the NSVT machine gun, pcs.: 300

Ammunition for anti-tank systems, pcs.: 4

Pointing angles:

Horizontally, degrees: 360

Vertical, degrees: -6 to +14

Engine: V-84-1 diesel

Power, l/s: 840

Max, speed, km/h:

Highway: 60

Cross Country: 35

By water: n/a

Power reserve, km: 500 (700 with external tanks)

Overcome obstacles:

Rise at an angle, deg.: 30

Roll, degrees: 25

Wall height, m: 0.85

Ditch width, m: 2.8

Ford depth, m: 1.2 (with OPVT - 5)

Equipment:

R-173 radio station, R-174 intercom, GPK-59 navigation equipment, TDA smoke screen installation, 8 x 902B, commander's sighting system TKN-ZV, fire extinguishing equipment ZETS13 "Hoarfrost" with freon cylinders.

Adoption Soviet army in 1985, tanks of a new modification T-72B became a kind of response to the appearance in the armed forces of NATO of tanks of the third post-war generation: "Leopard-2", Ml "Abrams" and "Challenger". The design of the T-72B implemented the latest achievements of the then Soviet defense industry - a dynamic protection system and a complex of tank guided weapons.

Armor protection:

The armor of the T-72 is rolled and cast steel, the VLD of the hull (on all models) and the frontal armor of the turret (most models) are combined. The hull of the tank is welded, made of rolled armor parts of various thicknesses and designs. VLD combined, inclined at an angle of 68° from the vertical. NLD made of homogeneous steel, its thickness is 80 mm (on the T-72A it was increased to 100 mm). The steel sheets of the side armor are 70-80 mm thick.

Name: Tu-160 "Blackjack"

Type: Strategic supersonic missile bomber

Crew: 4

Length, m: 54.1

Height, m: 13.1

Wingspan, m: 55.7/35.6

Wing area, m2: 360

Masses, kg:

Empty: 118000

Normal takeoff: 267600

Maksim. takeoff: 275000

Fuel: 148000

Maksim. combat load: 40000

Normal combat load: 9000

Speed, km/h:

Altitude: 2200

Near the ground: 1030

Cruising: 850

Practical ceiling, m: 15000

Maksim. rate of climb, m/min: 4200

Maksim. operating overload: 3.5

Takeoff / run length, m: 2000/1600

Required runway length, m: 3050

Breakaway speed, km/h: 284

Landing speed, km/h: 300

Practical range, km (without refueling):

With normal loading - more than 12500

With max. Loading - 10500

Flight duration, h: 15

Engine: 4xTRDDF NK-32

Thrust, kgf:

Afterburner: 4x25000

Armament: no built-in armament. Two weapons compartments can accommodate various options payloads weighing up to 40,000 kg: up to 12 X-55 type missiles, up to 12 Kh-15 type missiles, KAB of various types with a caliber of up to 1500 kg, thermonuclear and conventional bombs, mines.

Airborne avionics: the aircraft is equipped with an integrated sighting and navigation system, including a backup INS, an astronavigation system, a radar, an optoelectronic automatic bombing sight. There is an electronic warfare complex.

Name: Tu-142M "Bear-E"

Type: Anti-submarine aircraft

Developer: Tupolev Design Bureau, Russia

Crew, people: 10-11

Length, m: 55.1

Height, m: 13.6

Wingspan, m: 50.04

Wing area, m2: 289.9

Masses, kg:

Empty: 91800

Maksim. takeoff: 182000

Fuel: 86000

Maksim. combat load: 9000

Speed, km/h:

Maksim. at altitude: 855

Cruising: 735

Practical ceiling, m: 10600

Takeoff / run length, m: 2530 / n.d

Practical flight range, km: 10050

Range, km: 5000

Flight duration, h: 12

Engine: 4xTVD NK-12MV

Power, hp: 4х15000

Armament:

Ammunition: n / a

The bomb bays can accommodate various weapons weighing up to 9000 kg; depth charges, torpedoes, rockets, as well as various sonar buoys. Up to 8 Kh-35 anti-ship missiles can be suspended on parts of the aircraft under the wings.

Airborne avionics: aircraft are equipped with various search and sighting systems: Korshun, Korshun-Kaira, 2 Korshun-K, Berkut, as well as electronic warfare systems.

Name: Su-30 (T-10PU) "Flanker-C"

Type: Air defense fighter-interceptor

Manufacturer: OKB Sukhoi, Russia

Crew: 2

Length, m (with PVD): 21.93

Height, m: 6.35

Wingspan, m: 14.7

Wing area, m2: 62.04

Masses, kg:

Empty: 17500

Normal takeoff: 24000

Maksim. takeoff: 30500

Fuel in internal tanks: 9400

Maksim. combat load: 4000

Speed, km/h:

At height: 2125(M=2.0)

Near the ground: 1400 (M=1.14)

Practical ceiling, m: 17500

Rate of climb, m/s: 13700

Maksim. operating overload: 9

Takeoff / run length, m: 750/650

Breakaway speed, km/h: 270

Landing speed, km/h: 240

Practical range, km:

Altitude: 3000

Near ground: 1300

With one refueling: 5200

Engine: 2xAL-31F

Thrust, kgf:

Max: 2x7600

Afterburner: 2x12500

Armament:

1хGSh-301 (30mm, 1500 rds/min)

Ammunition, pcs: 150

Air-to-air missile armament is similar to that of the Su-27P, but with the possibility of using R-77 missiles with an active RGSN.

avionics: SUV similar to that used on the Su-27P. Additionally, the Su-30 avionics includes special communication and guidance equipment for fighters operating in the group. All data on the tactical situation is displayed on a widescreen display in the rear cockpit, from where the target distribution in the group takes place. Also on the Su-30, the navigation system, SDU, have been modernized, there is an in-flight refueling system. The defense complex is similar to the Su-27P. Serial production started in 1991. in Irkutsk.

Name: MiG-25PD (ed. 84D) "Foxbat-E"

Type: Interceptor

Producer: OKB MiG, Russia

Crew: 1

Length, m (with LDPE): 22.3

Height, m: 6.6

Wingspan, m: 14.056

Wing area, m2: 61.9

Masses, kg:

Empty: about 20,000

Normal takeoff: 34920

Maksim. takeoff: 41000

Fuel in internal tanks: 14750

Maksim. combat load: 1800

Speed, km/h:

At altitude: 3000 (M=2.83)

Near ground: 1200

Practical ceiling, m: 20700

Rate of climb, m/sec: n/a

Maksim. operating overload: 5

Takeoff / run length, m: 1250/800 (with TP)

Breakaway speed, km/h: 360

Landing speed, km/h: 290

Practical range, km: 1730

Ferry range, km: n/a

Engine: 2xRD-15BD-300

Thrust, kgf:

At the maximum: 2x8000

Afterburner: 2x11200

Armament: up to four R-40RD missiles with PARGSN and R-40TD with IKGSN, or up to four R-60 and R-60M missiles with IKGSN in various combinations. There is no built-in cannon armament. It is possible to hang one PTB (5300kg) under the fuselage.

Airborne: N005 Sapphire-25 radar with AVM-25 computer and TP-23Sh1 heat direction finder.

The interceptor is guided using the Lazur-M command radio control line, SPO-15 Bereza is installed to warn about exposure.

The first flight of the MiG-25PD was made on November 19, 1977 under the control of test pilot Menitsky V.E. Serial production took place at the Sokol NGAZ in 1978-79, more than 150 units were produced, some of the machines were exported to Iraq, Syria and Algeria.

Type: 130-mm self-propelled gun mount of the coastal artillery complex A-222 "Bereg"

Producer: TsKB "Titan", Russia

Crew: 8

Length, m: 12.95

Width, m: 3.2

Height, m: 3.925

Combat weight, kg: 43700

Booking: n/a

Engine: diesel, D-12A-525A

Power, hp: 525

Max. speed, km/h:

Highway:60

Power reserve, km: 650

Armament:

1x130mm gun

Firing range, km: 23

Projectile type: high-explosive F-44

Projectile weight, kg: 33.4 (all types)

Early projectile speed, m/s: 850.

Ammunition, pcs: 48

Pointing angles, degrees:

Vertical: -5/+50

Horizontal: +/-120

Rate of fire, rds / min: 14

State tests of the 130-mm self-propelled coastal artillery system A-222 "Bereg" were completed on May 30, 1993.

The complex is designed to defend the coast from ships, aircraft and KR (within the guidance angles) of the enemy.

The complex consists of a self-propelled artillery mount (up to 4 pieces), a fire control system BR-136 and a combat duty support vehicle.

All components of the A-222 "Bereg" complex are placed on the MAZ-543M chassis with the wheel arrangement 8X8. The weight of the chassis is 21 tons.

The gun mount cannon uses shells from the AK-130 ship gun mount, but the barrel has a muzzle brake and an ejector. The length of the barrel is about 54 calibers, a number of elements of the swinging part are taken from the self-propelled guns 2S19 "Msta".

Charging unitary type.

The installation is equipped with a ballistic computer, a laser rangefinder and an optoelectronic command sight, which allows you to autonomously fire at targets in the event of the destruction or failure of the BR-136 Podacha fire control system.

Type: Heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser (project 1143.5 "Eagle")

Displacement, tons: 55000 standard 67500 full

Dimensions, m: 302.5 × 72.3 × 10.5.2 aircraft lifts

Speed, knots: 30

Power plant: 8 boilers, 4 GTZA. 200,000 hp 4 screws.

Range, miles: 3850 at 29 knots, 8500 at 18 knots, 12000 at 10 knots

Crew: 2590 people, incl. 626 air wing.

Armament: 12 launchers SM-233 SCRC P-700 "Granit", 4 × 6 VPU air defense systems "Dagger" 192 SAMs 9M-330, 8 SAMs "Kortik" - 2x4 SAMs 9M311 + 2x500 pieces, 6 × 6-30mm AK- 630M - in the installation of 2000pcs, 2x10 RKPTZ-1 "Udav-1M" - 60 RSL-120, 24 Su-33, 18 Ka-27 missiles of various modifications.

REO: CICS "Lesorub", navigation and communication radar, space communication system, "Mars-Passat" complex, radar "Fregat-MA", radar "Podkat", antenna launchers for air defense systems and artillery, flight control radar "Resistor", landing system "Moon", the electronic warfare system "Constellation-BR".

The Russian Federation, as the legal successor of the collapsed Soviet Union, is today viewed by many European states as a potential adversary. Therefore, when creating military doctrines, emphasis is placed on a possible military confrontation. The doctrine of the United States of America is somewhat different. According to experts, of all states, it is the United States that strives for world domination. The Russian Federation is forced to respond symmetrically. In this regard, it is quite understandable why many people compare the military equipment of the United States and Russia. According to experts, the military potential of the two states is not inferior to each other. Information about the weapons and military equipment of Russia is contained in the article.

Acquaintance

The formation of the armed forces of the Russian Federation took place in 1992. At that time, there were only 288,000 people in the Armed Forces. Today, the number has reached 1 million. According to experts, Russia's military equipment is modern and highly developed. The country has weapons of mass destruction and a lot of nuclear stocks. According to experts, in Russian army do not use weapons brought from abroad. Everything necessary for the needs of the army is made on the territory of the state. Gunsmiths and the defense industry are developing new military equipment in Russia. To date, the Armed Forces are equipped with the most modern weapons. Modernizing the army, the state had to spend more than 19 trillion rubles. Experts suggest that by 2020, samples of new Russian military equipment will amount to at least 70%.

About heavy weapons

According to experts, in the production of self-propelled artillery systems of volley fire, Russia is four times superior to the United States. The Russian army has weapons that have no analogues in Western countries and, according to experts, will not appear in the near future. For example, the Russian Federation possesses the Solntsepek heavy flamethrower system and the Tornado multiple rocket launcher system. In Russia, the names of military equipment are quite original. For example, in the UK, a self-propelled artillery mount is listed as "Archer", an American howitzer - "Paladin". In Russia, for self-propelled howitzers, mortars and cannons, the names of colors are used: Carnation, Acacia, Tulip, Hyacinth, Peony. For anti-tank missiles 9M14M and 9M123, the names "Baby" and "Chrysanthemum" were used.

"Voevoda"

The main defense of the state is provided by nuclear strategic weapons. It is represented by a whole complex of ammunition, carriers, management systems and vehicles. This weapon uses nuclear energy, which is obtained by fission and fusion of nuclei. To date, the new Russian nuclear weapons considered RS-24 "Yars".

It began to be created back in the years of the Soviet Union, after the collapse of which Russia became the owner of all design developments. The workers of the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant are assembling nuclear complexes. The missile deployment took place in 2009. Soon, on the basis of Yars, engineers created a similar complex, which is known as Topol-M.

PAK-FA T-50

It is a fifth-generation multirole fighter. A new military equipment of Russia has been developed in the Sukhoi Design Bureau. The crew of the aircraft consists of one pilot. The length of the fighter is 19.7 m. The height is 4.8 m. The plane weighs 18,500 kg. The rate of climb is 330 m/s. For the takeoff run, the T-50 needs at least 350 m. The flight range is in the range from 4300 to 5500 km. The fighter is designed for a maximum combat load of up to 9400 kg. It rises to a height of up to 20 thousand km. The flight duration indicator does not exceed 5.8 hours.

Tu-160

It is a strategic supersonic missile bomber. Military equipment was developed in Russia by employees of the Tupolev Experimental Design Bureau. The crew of the aircraft is 4 people. The Tu-160 weighs 118 thousand kg. The aviation model is designed for a maximum combat load of up to 40,000 kg. The combat load indicator does not exceed 9 thousand kg. The aircraft is moving from maximum speed 2200 and cruising 850 km/h. The Tu-160 needs 2,000 meters to take off. The time spent in the air is limited to 15 hours. Bomber without built-in weapons. Used to transport thermonuclear and conventional bombs, min.

MiG-25PD

This aircraft model belongs to the type of interceptors. Produced in OKB "MiG". The crew consists of one pilot. The aviation unit weighs 20 thousand kg. For the aircraft, a combat load of up to 1800 kg is provided. Develops a speed of 3 thousand km / h. It is equipped with four R-40RD and R-40TD missiles. Aircraft without built-in cannon armament. The interceptor is equipped with a Sapphire-25 radar system and a TP-23Sh1 heat direction finder.

T-14 "Armata"

This sample of Russian military equipment is the main tank. Produced in the design bureau UralVagonZavod. There are three people in the crew of the tank. The combat weight of one combat unit is 57 thousand kg. The tank is equipped with a 12-cylinder X-shaped diesel turbo piston engine A-85-3A. In order to save the motor resource of "Armata", the power of the power plant from 1500 hp. lowered to 1200. On a flat surface, the T-14 is capable of moving at a speed of 70 km / h. The Armata is armed with a 125mm 2A82 smoothbore gun. Guided missiles are used as projectiles.

In addition, this military equipment of Russia is equipped with one 7.62 mm Kalashnikov modernized tank machine gun and one Kord machine gun of 12.7 mm caliber as additional weapons. Main and secondary weapons with remote digital control. The cannon has 45 rounds. Of these, 32 are located in the charging machine. Ammunition for the Kalashnikov machine gun consists of 2 thousand rounds. Of these, 1 thousand are on alert. Another thousand are located in special belts. For Korda, 300 ammunition is provided. They are kept in boxes. Charging is done automatically. The Armata can detect a target at a distance of 5 thousand meters. The defeat is carried out at a distance of up to 7 thousand meters. The tank uses a universal tracked platform, in the creation of which the best practices of such models as the Black Eagle and T-95 are applied. The peculiarity of "Armata" is the presence of an uninhabited tower. In the manufacture of armor, high-quality steel 44S-SV-Sh and additional ceramic and composite layers were used.

About the T-72B tank

The Ural Carriage Works became the developer of military equipment in Russia. The design of the tank began in 1985. The crew of the combat transport unit consists of three people. The tank weighs 42.5 tons. T-72B with a projectile combined booking. In addition, a hinged dynamic protection. Equipped with a 125 mm 2A46M gun. The function of additional weapons is performed by a Kalashnikov tank machine gun and an anti-aircraft NSVT of 7.62 and 12.7 mm calibers.

In addition, the T-72B is equipped with the 9K120 Svir system, which is fired with anti-tank guided missiles. Index maximum range firing from the main gun is 4 thousand m. The projectile weighs no more than 23 kg. The combat set of the main gun consists of 45, ATGM - 4 shells, Kalashnikov machine gun - 2 thousand rounds, NSVT - 300. The power unit is represented by a V-84-1 diesel engine with an HP 840 power. On a flat surface, the tank moves at a speed of 60 km/h. The rough terrain runs at 35 km/h. T-72B is equipped with R-173 radio station, R-174 intercom, GPK-59 navigation equipment, means of creating smoke screen TDA, sighting system TKN-3V. In addition, the tank has fire-fighting equipment ZETs13 "Hoarfrost" and freon cylinders. T-72B - a tank with a katana and cast steel armor. The body is made by welding. In production, rolled armor parts with various thicknesses and designs are used.

5P85S

It is a launcher that is equipped with the S-300PS complex. The preparation and launch of missiles is provided by a special container, autonomous power supply - the 5S18A system. In combat calculation - four people. The fire is conducted by anti-aircraft guided missiles 5V55R. There are 4 rounds in the ammunition load. It takes 5 minutes to deploy the complex. The target is destroyed at a range of 47 thousand meters at an altitude of up to 2 km. The indicator of the maximum flight altitude of the rocket is 30 km. The projectile flies at a speed of 1.2 m/s. When arranging the chassis, the MAZ-54ZM chassis was used. The complex is capable of reaching a maximum speed of up to 60 km / h.

A-222 "Coast"

Military equipment is a 130 mm artillery mount. Crew size - 8 people. Weight exceeds 43 tons. The unit is equipped with a D-12A-525A diesel engine with a capacity of 525 horsepower. On a flat surface, the vehicle moves at a maximum speed of 60 km / h. The installation was equipped with one 130 mm caliber gun. Shooting from it is carried out at a target located no further than 23 thousand meters. The barrel has a muzzle brake and an ejector. Military equipment is equipped with F-44 high-explosive shells in the amount of 48 pieces. One ammunition weighs 33.4 kg. He moves towards the target at a speed of 850 km / h. Within one minute, 14 shots can be fired from the complex. The task of this military equipment is to provide defense on the coast. The crew of the A-222 "Bereg" fires at ships, aircraft and cruise missiles enemy. In addition to the self-propelled guns, the complex has a BR-136 "Feed" control system and a combat vehicle on duty. In the production of the A-222, the MAZ-543M chassis is used, the mass of which is 21 tons. The installation uses a ballistic computer, a laser rangefinder and an optoelectronic command sight, thanks to which, in the event of a breakdown in the BR-136 control system, fire is fired at the target automatically.

"Eagle"

It is a heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser, with a displacement of 55,000 to 67,500 tons. It moves at a speed of 30 nautical knots. The cruiser is equipped with boilers (8 pcs.), GTZA (4 pcs.) and four propellers. The power plant capacity reaches 200 thousand liters. With. The crew is 2590 people. The cruiser transports 626 aviation units. "Eagle" is armed with 12th launchers P-700 "Granit", anti-aircraft missile systems "Dagger" (4 units) and "Kortik" (8 units). In addition, the cruiser has two RKPTZ "Udav-1M", the ammunition load of which consists of the RSL-120 (60 units), Su-33 (24 missiles) and Ka-27 (18 units).

On the conservation of military equipment in Russia

According to experts, there are secret strategic military bases in the country designed to store various pieces of military equipment: vehicles, mobile command posts, S-300 complexes, engineering and radar. For most combat units, the wheelbases of MAZs and KRAZs are used. Judging by the reviews, some of the equipment is rather worn out. However, there are models in the hangars that were sent for conservation after successful sea trials. If necessary, they are suitable for combat missions.