Likhachev about nature. Letter thirty-four on Russian nature. About Russian landscape painting

Analysis of imaginary and true values

How did the gap form?

After completing the table, evaluate how “fairly” you provide your values ​​​​with money, time and mental energy. The main task is to identify the most significant distortions. Try to understand when and why this divergence began.

Another thing is that, by distributing your time in a certain way, as the table showed, you, perhaps, have greatly “divorced” from your ideal, from those life values that are organic to you as a spiritual being. it important point. If you call one thing valuable for yourself, and spend actual time, resources and mental strength on another, then you have betrayed yourself - that is, under the influence of some forces, you have redrawn your values, become a different person - now value something completely different - then, on you are really wasting your time.

Questions arise:

1. How did the gap arise between “those” values, which we remember not often, but almost always with sadness, and “these”, which we often talk about as guilty and as a situation of coercion?

2. Where are you a "real" person with "these values" or "these"?

3. What should be done with the “bifurcation: endure? To correct? Wait until it "dissolves?"

Find at least preliminary answers to these questions, write it down.

For a non-trivial answer to such questions, it is useful to understand how this gap arose.

Why do we invest money, time and energy not in what is valuable to us? One explanation is that we strive to please the people around us. And this is natural - our position in the team, in society depends on it. However, this state of affairs is possible as long as our values ​​coincide with the values ​​of others. But time after time, justifying the hopes of superiors, colleagues and relatives, we give rise to new, even greater expectations in them, and if we follow them unconsciously, are we not creating a gradually growing gap between our values ​​and real life?

Making a list of values ​​is pretty easy. It is more difficult to identify the discrepancy between our values ​​and our lives and understand its causes. But the most difficult thing is to eliminate contradictions, to overcome the inertia of life.

Most often, the catalyst for change is a crisis - the loss of a loved one, illness or major trouble at work. Any crisis reminds us that we must not forget what is really important to us. A crisis often puts a person in front of a new choice, it seems to annul previous obligations.

Under normal conditions, it is much more difficult for us to break out of the captivity of old obligations and an established routine of life. That is why breaks in the main work are so important for us - holidays, study at courses, etc. In the event of a discrepancy between "values" and " real life» it is appropriate to think about a temporary downward career. Such changes allow you to get distracted and look at the situation from the outside: understand something, change something, refuse something; but, unlike a crisis, such changes are not associated with irreversible consequences and great sacrifices.

Constant work with your own values ​​is necessary in order to avoid the gradual divergence of the main line of life, real career and life circumstances. This spiritual practice is also needed so that in the situation of choosing a specific specialty, organization and position, you are not mistaken from the very beginning.

The following rules are useful in this situation:

– Choose the field of activity that interests you, where you will work with pleasure and enthusiasm. However, remember that the narrower the area of ​​specialization, the more care should be taken in choosing it.

- You will not become a recognized leader in anything that does not arouse your enthusiasm and energy. If you do not like your current profession or field of activity, change it. But first, decide what you like, where you would like to put your efforts.

– Carefully study this course and use the ideas and tools presented in it in career planning.

- Do not confuse "favorite things", which are based on your deepest values, and things that you "love" to do due to lack of will and social helplessness.

Consider the symptoms of this social disease transmitted "through the air":

– favourite hobby- just a good excuse to delay the solution of other issues, perhaps too difficult or unpleasant for you;

- you are afraid to entrust the case to someone else, and therefore continue to fight over it yourself, although without good reason;

– You like the working conditions or the process itself. For example, work does not require much responsibility or involves trips to some interesting city;

- You just like working with computers, and you are ready to spend hours drawing graphs and diagrams that no one needs;

- You don’t know how to do anything else, and therefore you take on only those things that are familiar and familiar to you, and the rest you either “push” onto others or put off “for later”.

The question arises, how lack of will and social helplessness are formed, leading to the devaluation of ideals and, as a result, to the destruction of life plans and career aspirations?

Most people try to do what they love, referring everything unpleasant and difficult to an unfriendly external environment that prevents them from living easily and correctly.

A career is hindered by bad and unfriendly bosses. Liberal politicians are prevented from making correct and understandable political transformations by conservatives. Liberals thwart conservatives. Representatives of totalitarian regimes worry that liberals are corrupting the people with freedom, preventing the system from strengthening. The list of examples can be continued. But it is important to understand that all these examples are the shifting of responsibility to others due to the inability to act effectively. The mechanism that gradually leads to incapacity, and then to insanity, is the same for leaders of all ranks: politicians and beekeepers, military men and artists.

Consider the main pitfalls leading to a poorly built career.

1. Inability to manage oneself: inability to fully use one's time, energy, skills; inability to cope with the stresses of modern life.

2. Blurred personal values: lack of a clear understanding of them; the presence of false values ​​that do not correspond to the line of an interestingly lived life.

3. Unclear personal goals: lack of clarity about the goals of one's personal or business life; the presence of goals dictated by fashion and everyday fuss.

4. Stagnation of self-development: lack of receptivity to new situations and opportunities in the absence of effective self-education.

5. Inability to solve problems: lack of a life strategy necessary in making decisions.

6. Lack of ability to influence people: lack of ability to get the participation and help of others or influence their decisions.

7. Lack of ability to achieve high results in work.

8. Lack of ability or desire to help others, develop and expand their capabilities.

9. Failure to contribute to the development and improvement of the efficiency of working groups and teams.

Questions for self-examination:

1. What are the three main ideas of this topic? Briefly state them.

2. What are the practical benefits for you personally from studying this topic? 3. What caused you difficulties in mastering this topic? State your problem so that it can be discussed with other students in the course and with the instructor.

3. What ideas from this topic do you disagree with? Name a specific idea. State as precisely as possible what you disagree with. Give examples to support your point of view.

Quite by chance, I stumbled upon one article on the net. The article has a pretty long shelf life. You can even say that she has a beard, but right now it turned out to be most welcome. I think this is because this theme is eternal - honesty.

Honesty and… personal branding. Previously, branding was mainly corporate. And now personal branding is sometimes much more important than the brand of the company. What is the relationship between personal branding and integrity? Directly. Because when you build your brand, you can't be honest people and find yourself in your own trap. And in order to get out of there, you need to start telling people the truth again. But the truth is that people don't really like honesty. And this applies to both the business world and the personal environment. What happens if you suddenly begin to honestly answer questions and tell how you really are doing?

Which of the friends is better: the one who will tell the truth, because his friend is not indifferent to him, or the one who will remain silent or say that the choice of a life / work / new home / tie is even nothing, if only he liked it? As practice has shown, it is better the one who agrees or makes a helpless gesture. And the one who honestly answers the question, in the end, turns out to be an enemy.

The same goes for work. If you are building your personal brand, then you must be successful: post beautiful photos with beautiful and successful (or with those and those separately) people in beautiful places; give comments in fashion magazines; periodically star in front of cameras and cameras and delight your fans with photos on Instagram and Facebook. And it's not at all interesting for anyone to know, even harmful to know, that you really hate being photographed, that you are already tired of giving comments, or that you want to stay as far as possible from those with whom you constantly flicker in photographs?

But you can't do that, because then you will lose the respect of the public and your customers. You will lose your own brand and, as a result, money. But for a long time it is also difficult to endure, and sooner or later a person has a nervous breakdown, because he constantly lies to himself and others.

It's like signing a contract with a company - you can't talk bad about it as long as you work with it. But as soon as the contract expires (or you yourself break it with all the ensuing consequences), you become free again and can finally express your real feelings for the brand you worked with. But breaking the contract with yourself is much more difficult.

What will happen if you suddenly start telling everyone the truth? And it will be a lot of fun! Trust me, I know what I'm talking about ;)

People will stop talking to you

If you start telling the truth, get ready for some people to stop talking to you. It could be your family members, your friends, your colleagues and your investors. Get ready for the fact that your environment will change dramatically and this applies to how real people, and your "friends" in social networks.

When you tell the truth, it's hard not to offend someone. But it is also known that only those who benefit from it are offended. If a person is honest with himself, it is very difficult to offend him. He can only cause bewilderment by his act.

People may think that you decided to take your own life.

Imagine what will happen if you start writing only the truth to your feed? Most likely, if the day turned out to be difficult, each post will remind suicide note or it will clearly read the signs of manic-depressive psychosis.

People will start to think you're crazy

Reading your notes or communicating personally with you, many will begin to have a completely natural question: “Are you crazy ?!” It is possible that they will start asking this question to your friends or relatives and be interested in your general mental state. Someone can politely recommend a good psychoanalyst.

People will get scared

People will start labeling you. Someone will say that you are just trying to stand out among the crowd and be “different” (city crazy or crazy genius - who will understand?). Someone will call an upstart. Telling the truth is not a natural behavior for today's Homo sapiens, and no one likes it when at a corporate meeting someone gets up and starts telling the truth about what's wrong. In general, few people like it when they tell the truth about obviously unsuccessful things.

People will start to find you funny

After others get used to your statement, some will even find you funny and people will slowly start to come back to you. They will be wondering what this crazy man will do this time? And, most importantly, they will be sure that what you write or say is 100% true. You will become almost the only source of “uncensored” news for them. You will become something like a series that is hard to tear yourself away from, only cooler.

After the stage of addiction and liking, people will begin to trust you. Because they will know for sure that you will tell them the truth, and not sing in your ear. beautiful stories just to sell something. They may not like you, they may even be afraid of you, but they will come for advice anyway. You can become something of a last resort, King Solomon in your settlement.

You will be free

And the last, most pleasant stage - you will become free from your golden cage of your own brand and build yourself a new brand that will have no boundaries. If before, you didn’t say what you really liked or what you really thought about this or that because you were afraid of not pleasing someone or losing friends, now you can safely say what you really think. Because there will be people around who like you precisely because of their personal preferences, and not because you agree with them just to please.

And it will definitely become easier for you, because now you will not need to keep track of what you wrote, or what you wore, or who you now appear in photographs with. You are you. And next to you are those people who love you, appreciate you and trust you precisely because of this.

Do not confuse honesty with outright rudeness and rudeness. This freedom does not mean at all that you can say nasty things right and left. This freedom means you can now build your personal brand on trust, make yourself better, and learn to take responsibility for what you say.

The sad truth is that the people who are supposed to help you (girlfriend, friends, parents) most often do not believe in your crazy dreams. They won't support you either. For various reasons, sometimes even for the best of reasons. They are afraid that you will be overtaken by a failure that will break your life, and you were counting on them. good word, support, their involvement in the difficulties that will certainly await you on the road of self-realization - life by your own rules.

For example, you want to leave your home and start making a living with creativity. Pragmatic parents do not even want to hear about it, because they were preparing you for the bar, or, in extreme cases, they hoped to transfer their case into your hands. But this is your life, so only you should make mistakes and choose your own path. So, they listen to your "brilliant" idea, but do not find any rational grain in it. They think you're crazy and flush your life down the toilet.

Friends are no better - they often, perhaps unconsciously, transfer your possible success to real stagnation. They don’t want to break off friendships, which is why they ask this unpleasant question: “why do you need this?” If your friends are not idiots, then they will ask you: “how are you going to do this?”.
A friend may be feigning interest in your "promising plans," but she may also be skeptical. And it's not fair when the person you share the bed with doesn't believe in your talents. It's just that the majority prefers stability and predictability, even if it is saturated with oppressive boredom. Stability, as you know, created human society.

You can search for a long time, but not everyone can get to the bottom of the truth. Maybe your loved ones think you're naive and stupid, or they don't want you to waste your time. But you know what? You should not rely on their opinion.

You don't need their approval

From a very young age, our identity is formed through approval and recognition from those around us. It starts with our parents, friends at school and continues until death. Haven't you noticed that the older you get, the more your ego demands approval? It turns out such a vicious circle that undermines the clarity of thought and ties our personality to someone else's opinion.

Ask yourself: what makes the opinion of loved ones more important than your own? And you immediately answer this question - nothing. Accountability should be only to yourself and no one else. Just think that the moment you decide to do something unique for yourself, life or the world is the same moment you stop needing approval. Otherwise, you simply won't succeed. And if you, nevertheless, do something only for the sake of praise, then the game is not worth the candle.

Feel the beauty of the world

Have you ever felt like the world is such a big bubble, ? A little more and it will burst, and you will fall down. Familiar? This feeling arises when you are left alone with your desires. And it is foolish to wait for outside support, because you have moved away from the center, from any “normality” that can only tell you about the most boring things on the planet. And, meanwhile, the world around us is so beautiful and terrible at the same time that it does not need a life-saving guide that would be suitable for everyone in the same way. No computer, no genius, and even no authoritarian government can come up with such leadership.

Beauty lives in animals, in humanity, in stones and rocks, in the field of art and even in business. If you feel it, live it, then you will never need words of support - you already understand that you are doing everything right.

Take charge

So, you realized that the world is filled with beauty (just don’t become a hippie!), And you also realized that you don’t need to be showered with words of support so that you “get it right”. The last step is the realization of responsibility ... to oneself.

The doubters will see you getting a little crazy. It's sad, but it will be difficult to correct such an attitude, because they (friends, girlfriends, parents) cannot see the world the way you see it. And they are not to blame - just other people, that's all.

Ever since the days of the canonical "Spider-Man", everyone has hammered into their heads a phrase that remains more alive today than others - "With great strength comes a lot of responsibility." And this is true, but only the responsibility must be pumped already in the early stages, so that you can make such a good leap upwards. No one will help you, although you so want it. But this is the essence of living by the rules that you wrote for yourself. You must learn independence, believe in your strengths and understand your weak sides. Friends, parents, girls - they will be part of the crowd for you, who trust their own eyes, but they do not influence your decisions. And when you start to get something cool, then, over time, the people around you will begin to believe in your work.

It is important for people to explain whose side they are on. A kind of declaration of interest. So, I'm going to talk to you about reading and how reading fiction and reading for pleasure is one of the most important things in a person's life. And I'm obviously very biased, because I'm a writer, author of artistic texts. I write for both children and adults. For about 30 years I've been making my living with words, mostly creating things and writing them down. No doubt I am interested that people read, that people read fiction, that libraries and librarians exist and promote the love of reading and the existence of places where one can read. So I'm biased as a writer. But I'm much more biased as a reader.

One day I was in New York and heard talk about building private prisons - it's a booming industry in America. The prison industry must plan for its future growth - how many cells will they need? What will be the number of prisoners in 15 years? And they found that they could predict all of this very easily, using a simple algorithm based on polls, what percentage of 10 and 11 year olds couldn't read. And, of course, he cannot read for his pleasure. There is no direct correlation in this, it cannot be said that there is no crime in an educated society. But the relationship between the factors is visible. I think the simplest of these connections come from the obvious. Literate people read fiction. Fiction has two uses:

First, it exposes you to reading addiction. The thirst to know what happens next, the desire to turn the page, the need to continue even if it's hard because someone is in trouble and you have to find out how it all ends ... that's the real drive. It makes you learn new words, think differently, keep moving forward. To discover that reading in itself is a pleasure. Once you realize this, you are on your way to constant reading. The simplest way The guarantee of raising literate children is to teach them to read and to show that reading is an enjoyable pastime. The simplest thing is to find books they like, give them access and let them read them.

There are no bad authors for children if children want to read them and look for their books, because all children are different. They find the stories they need, and they go inside those stories. A worn out idea is not beaten up and worn out for them. After all, the child discovers it for the first time for himself. Don't discourage children from reading just because you think they're reading the wrong things. Literature that you don't like is the way to books that you might like. And not everyone has the same taste as you.

And the second thing it does fiction- it generates empathy. When you watch a TV show or a movie, you are looking at things that happen to other people. Fiction is something that you produce from 33 letters and a handful of punctuation marks, and you, you alone, using your imagination, create the world, inhabit it and look around through the eyes of others. You begin to feel things, visit places and worlds that you would not know about. You will know that external world- it's you too. You become someone else, and when you return to your world, something in you will change a little.

Empathy is a tool that brings people together and allows them to behave not like narcissistic loners. You also find in the books something vital to existence in this world. And here it is: the world doesn't have to be that way. Everything can change. In 2007, I was in China for the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention. At some point I asked official representative authorities: why? After all, NF was not approved for a long time. What changed?

It's simple, he told me. The Chinese created great things if they were given diagrams. But they did not improve or invent anything themselves. They didn't invent. And so they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, Microsoft, Google, and asked the people who were inventing the future about themselves. And found that they were reading science fiction when they were boys and girls. Literature can show you another world. She can take you where you've never been before. Once you visit other worlds, like those who have tasted the magic fruits, you can never be completely satisfied with the world in which you grew up. Dissatisfaction is a good thing. Dissatisfied people can change and improve their worlds, make them better, make them different.

A surefire way to ruin a child's love of reading is, of course, to make sure there are no books around. And there are no places where children could read them. I'm lucky. When I was growing up, I had a great neighborhood library. I had parents who could be persuaded to drop me off at the library on my way to work during the holidays. Libraries are freedom. Freedom to read, freedom to communicate. It is education (which does not end the day we leave school or university), it is leisure, it is refuge, and it is access to information.

I think it's all about the nature of information. Information has a price, and correct information is priceless. Throughout human history, we have lived in times of lack of information. Getting the information you need has always been important and always worth something. When to plant crops, where to find things, maps, stories and stories - this is what has always been valued at meals and in companies. Information was a valuable thing, and those who possessed it or obtained it could count on a reward.

AT last years we have moved away from a lack of information and approached a glut of it. According to Google's Eric Schmidt, now every two days human race creates as much information as we produced from the beginning of our civilization until 2003. That's something like five exobytes of information a day, if you like numbers. Now the task is not to find a rare flower in the desert, but to find a specific plant in the jungle. We need help navigating to find what we really need among this information.

Books are a way to communicate with the dead. It is a way to learn from those who are no longer with us. Mankind created itself, developed, gave rise to a type of knowledge that can be developed, and not constantly memorized. There are tales that are older than many countries, tales that have long outlived the cultures and the walls in which they were first told. If you don't value libraries, then you don't value information, culture, or wisdom. You are drowning out the voices of the past and harming the future. We must read aloud to our children. Read to them what makes them happy. Read them stories we're already tired of. Speak in different voices, keep them interested and never stop reading just because they have learned to do it themselves. Making reading aloud a moment of togetherness, a time when no one is looking at their phones, when the temptations of the world are put aside.

We must use language. Develop, learn what new words mean and how to apply them, communicate clearly, say what we mean. We should not try to freeze the language, pretend that it is a dead thing to be honored. We must use language as a living thing that moves, that carries words, that allows their meanings and pronunciations to change over time.

Writers - especially children's writers - have obligations to their readers. We must write things that are true, which is especially important when we are writing stories about people who did not exist, or places where they have not been, to understand that the truth is not what actually happened, but what tells us, who we are. After all, literature is true lies, after all. We must not bore our readers, but make them want to turn the next page. One of the best means for those who read reluctantly, it's a story they can't put down.

We must tell our readers the truth, arm them, give them protection, and pass on the wisdom we have learned from our short sojourn in this green world. We should not preach, lecture, stuff ready-made truths down the throats of our readers like birds that feed their chicks pre-chewed worms. And we should never, for anything in the world, under any circumstances, write for children what we would not like to read ourselves.

All of us - adults and children, writers and readers - must dream. We must invent. It is easy to pretend that no one can change anything, that we live in a world where society is huge and the individual is less than nothing, an atom in a wall, a grain in a rice field. But the truth is that individuals change the world over and over again, individuals create the future, and they do so by imagining that things could be different.

Look around. I'm serious. Stop for a moment and look at the room you are in. I want to show something so obvious that everyone has already forgotten it. Here it is: everything you see, including the walls, was invented at some point. Someone decided that it would be much easier to sit on a chair than on the ground, and came up with a chair. Someone had to come up with a way so that I could talk to all of you in London right now without getting wet. This room and all the things in it, all the things in the building, in this city exist because over and over again people come up with something.

We must make things beautiful. Not to make the world uglier than it was before us, not to devastate the oceans, not to pass on our problems to the next generations. We must clean up after ourselves, and not leave our children in a world that we have so stupidly spoiled, robbed and mutilated. Albert Einstein was once asked how we can make our children smarter. His answer was simple and wise. If you want your children to be smart, he said, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be even smarter, read more fairy tales to them. He understood the value of reading and imagination. I hope that we can pass on to our children a world where they will read and will be read to, where they will imagine and understand.