The mine is intended to be used as an anti-recovery device for anti-tank and other mines that do not have their own such device.

In addition, the mine can be used as a booby-trap of unloading action.

When used as a non-removable device, the MS-3 mine is installed so that when you try to remove an anti-tank (or other) mine from the installation site, the MS-3 mine explodes, which in turn leads to the detonation of the main mine.

When used as a booby trap, the MS-3 is installed on the ground so that it is not visible (for example, in an open hole), and an object is placed on it that will definitely arouse the enemy’s interest and encourage him to pick up (weapon, box, box and etc.) or use it (vehicle, telephone, portable ladder, etc.). In this case, the defeat of personnel is inflicted due to the force of the explosion (high-explosive impact).

Structurally, according to explosion-technical characteristics, appearance MS-3 is no different from the PMN anti-personnel mine, with the exception of a protrusion in the center of the upper plane of the mine and the principle of operation. If the PMN explodes when stepping on its cover, then the MS-3, on the contrary, explodes when the load is removed from it (the mine in the combat position must be constantly loaded)

The mine can be installed both on the ground and in the ground, in the snow, manually

The term of combat operation of the mine is not limited. The mine is not equipped with a self-liquidator. The mine is non-recoverable and non-disarmable.

The mine has a fuse, which is part of the design of the mine. Fuse type MD-9.

Tactical and technical characteristics of mines
Mine type……………………………………………………… high-explosive unloading trap
Housing………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Weight……………………………………………………………550 gr.
Mass of explosive (TNT)……200 gr.
Diameter…………………………………………………………11 cm.
Height …………………………………………………………5.3 cm.
Sensitivity…………………………………………less than 3 kg.
Temperature range of application……-40 --+50 hail.

Planting a mine is safe enough. From the moment of pulling out the combat checks until the moment the fuse is set to a combat platoon, depending on the temperature environment runs from 3 min. (at +40 degrees) up to 59 hours (at -40 degrees).

When installing an anti-tank mine together with MS-3, a recess should be made in the hole for MS-3 in such a way that the main mine, when lowered into the hole, would press on the MS-3 ledge and lay its lower plane tightly on the upper plane of the MS- 3. The figure shows a TM-62P3 anti-tank mine set to be non-removable using an MS-3 mine.

After all the actions of bringing the main mine into combat position are completed, the combat check is removed from the MS-3 and the mines are masked. From the moment of pulling out the checks from the MS-3, its return to a safe position is impossible. After the deceleration time has elapsed, the MS-3 will definitely be on a combat platoon. If by this time there is no load on it, then MS-3 will explode.

The minimum weight of the load must be at least 3 kg. The explosion of MS-3 occurs when the load is shifted up by 3-5 mm.

Mines are packed in boxes of 25 pcs. (gross weight 22 kg.) not fully equipped. Fuses MD-9 are transported separately. In a combat stop, mines can be equipped with fuses and transported in a standard capping fully equipped.

An example of combat practice. In 1982, in Afghanistan, dushmans constantly disturbed one of the checkpoints Soviet army near the Salang pass. At night, along a mountain path, they got close to the post and fired at it. There was a threat of seizure of the post. The mining of the trail with conventional anti-personnel mines had no effect, because. dushmans used a very simple but trouble-free method of demining - before dusk they sent a flock of sheep to the trail. The post commander used the MS-3 mine. He installed it on the path in the hole, reinforcing it with two kilograms of plastite, and laid a large boulder on top of the mine, which the sheep bypassed, but which created inconvenience for the movement of people. On the very first night, while trying to remove the stone, the dushmans lost two people killed, another fell into the abyss and died. The non-standard mining method used by the post commander and not solved by the spooks (they had not previously encountered MS-3 mines) made it possible to achieve success in the next two nights. After that, the dushmans abandoned their attempts to approach the post from this direction. Later, undercover intelligence reported that spooks suggested the use Soviet soldiers guided mines, but it is not clear to them how this place is being monitored and where the control cable is laid (radio fuses were not in service with the SA at that time in Afghanistan).

Marginal notes. It is curious that the MS-3 does not fall under the jurisdiction of the Ottawa Convention in any way, article 2, clause 1 of which states: "Anti-personnel mine" means a mine that is designed to explode from the presence, proximity or direct impact of a person and at the same time incapacitate, maim or kill one or more people. Mines designed to be detonated by the presence, proximity or direct impact of a vehicle other than a person, and which are equipped with an anti-removability element, cannot be classified as anti-personnel mines on the sole ground that they are so equipped.

That's it! This is not an anti-personnel mine, but an anti-recovery element. And at the same time, it is not required to have seven spans in the forehead in order to adapt the MS-3 precisely as an anti-personnel mine, without violating the Convention.

• Articles » Mines
• Mercenary 8833 0

They are used to mine buildings and household items, weapons and equipment. Characteristic unmasking signs can be stretched wires attached to doors, windows, abandoned weapons and other objects, branches of shrubs or trees lying or leaning across the path.

Opened drawer. It shows papers.

The natural reaction is to open the drawer and see what kind of papers. The booby trap is just waiting for this.

Winter, in an unheated house oven door open from where you can see the firewood. It remains only to stick a lit match there - and soon it will become warm. So warm that a fighter will never be cold again. A mine lurks in the stove, ready to explode as soon as fire reaches its target sensor.

At the door overturned chair lying around making it difficult to pass. But as soon as it is lifted or moved away, an explosion will thunder. There are also varieties such as flashlight mine(explodes when trying to turn it on), mine-pen(explodes when trying to unscrew the cap), mine-radio(the simplest ones explode when you try to turn it on, the more complex ones explode when you try to tune in to a certain wave).

Remember! The methods of setting mines are very diverse. It is necessary to exercise observation, ingenuity and caution!

On the approaches to an important protected object, the enemy will certainly put up various kinds of barriers. Keep in mind that often mines are placed on the opposite side of the position of stones, trees and other shelters. You decided to hide from the enemy behind a tree, and there a mine is waiting for you. Be attentive and careful. Pay attention to withered grass, plucked turf and heaps of leaves of twigs.

It is not worth moving the bodies of the dead and wounded people you found on the streets and in the yards. Grenades are also sometimes shoved under them. Grenades and similar items DO NOT TOUCH! And don't even get close to them. Or, if you are alone, mark the area with sticks and put a warning sign on them. And immediately run to the commandant's office for sappers.

No objects, even the most attractive in appearance and seemingly necessary, should not move. It is even better not to approach, since not the objects themselves, but the approaches to them, may be mined. You should not enter houses, other premises, get inside military or transport equipment, unless it is reliably established that these objects are explosion-proof. If items that look like explosive devices or cause suspicion of their purpose are found, the military should be immediately informed about this and measures should be taken to ensure that no outsider approaches the dangerous place. Under no circumstances should measures be taken to independently neutralize explosive devices, no matter how primitive they may seem. In extreme cases, move them aside with an impromptu "cat" (a primitive rake with a rope tied to it) or a long pole from behind some kind of cover.

It is better to open the door of your house after absence, as well as any other door, gate or gate, from afar, with the help of a rope or a long hook, while in a shelter or behind a wall. Since they can be mined. Any rope, wire or fishing line stretched across the road should be alarming. They can be connected to a grenade ring. Similar - " stretch marks", alert on the trails and indoors, very often remain in places of recent battles, lying in wait for careless victims. If the stretch is pulled tight, without slack, then this clear sign explosive mines, which should work when cutting or breaking the stretch.

By the booby traps unloading action the fuse is under the action of a constant load, upon removal of which it works and activates the mine. All of the above types of drive devices can be used when installing electric booby traps. Then, when the tension is pressed, pulled or broken, the load is removed, etc., the contacts of the explosive electrical circuit are closed and the mine is detonated. It is also better not to step on loose areas of soil. Exploded ground can also indicate the mines lurking in it.

It's better to walk on asphalt. On the inscription "Caution, mines!" or simply "Mines" to pay attention, even if they are very old and broken and faded. During rapid demining, sappers mark the found mines with the help of temporary signs - most often sticks stuck into the ground and specifically laid out stones. For example, as it shown on the picture(see fig.). When moving on foot, you should try to follow each other at the maximum possible distance from each other to reduce the likelihood of being hit by high-explosive or fragmentation mines. While in position, one should not go beyond the established boundaries, beyond which the probability of mine explosions is much higher. Within the location, try to use the beaten paths to move from one object to another.

Safety measures when working with mines (in case of emergency)

You need to work with a mine only alone, carefully checking the soil around the mine. It is impossible to pull a loosely stretched wire and cut a tightly stretched one. If there is an electric wire twisted in half, you need to cut each core individually. If a single wire is found, it cannot be cut, as there may be two strands in the braid. Before cutting such a wire, you need to find the power source and disconnect it. Force should never be used.

Remove a mine of an unfamiliar design with your hands and dig in metal objects it is forbidden. It must be removed with a cat, and the cat does not cling directly to the mine, but is dragged so that the mine is engaged and pulled off.

minefields

Tactical (defensive) minefields are set up to cover the front, flanks and junctions of the battle formations of the defending troops. Mines are installed in the ground or on the surface, usually according to the standard scheme. Such a minefield may have from three to nine mine lanes. Its length, as a rule, does not exceed 450 m. The density of anti-tank mines in it should be at least two per 1 m of the front of the minefield. In addition, it is reinforced by high-explosive anti-personnel mines.

Most high explosive anti-personnel mines do not have metal parts and are not detected by an induction mine detector.

Of the special mines, signal mines are widespread, which are used to protect the positions of various objects and obstacles, they are triggered by tension or cutting of a stretched wire, after which a lighting charge is thrown to a height of 300-600 m, burning from 70 s to 180 s

Characteristic unmasking signs of minefields and individual mines:
- uncleaned soil after the installation of mines;
- the presence on the ground of tubercles, protruding pins, adjusting and pulling pegs, cords, rings and wire;
- the difference between the masking layer above the mines and the background of the surrounding area;
- furrows (pits) and traces of caterpillars (wheels) left from minelayers or spreaders.

Characteristic signs of mine laying and the most likely places of installation:
- dominant heights;
- most convenient places for conducting surveillance and shooting;
- abandoned firing positions, trenches;
- central entrances to buildings, flights of stairs and entrances to basements;
- the most probable ways of moving along paths, roads, gorges;
- water sources.

Booby traps are especially dangerous!

They are used to mine buildings and household items, weapons and equipment. Characteristic unmasking signs can be stretched wires attached to doors, windows, abandoned weapons and other objects, branches of shrubs or trees lying or leaning across the path.

Opened desk drawer. It shows papers. The natural reaction is to open the drawer and see what kind of papers. The booby trap is just waiting for this. Winter, in an unheated house, the stove door is open, from where firewood is visible. It remains only to stick a lit match there - and soon it will become warm. So warm that a fighter will never be cold again. A mine lurks in the stove, ready to explode as soon as fire reaches its target sensor. An overturned chair is lying at the door, making it difficult to pass. But as soon as it is lifted or moved away, an explosion will thunder. There are also varieties such as a flashlight mine (explodes when you try to turn it on), a fountain pen mine (explodes when you try to unscrew the cap), a radio mine (the simplest ones explode when you try to turn it on, more complex ones when you try to tune in to a certain wave).

Remember! The methods of setting mines are very diverse. It is necessary to exercise observation, ingenuity and caution!

On the approaches to an important protected object, the enemy will certainly put up various kinds of barriers. Keep in mind that often mines are placed on the opposite side of the position of stones, trees and other shelters. You decided to hide from the enemy behind a tree, and there a mine is waiting for you. Be attentive and careful. Pay attention to withered grass, plucked turf and heaps of leaves of twigs.

It is not worth moving the bodies of the dead and wounded people you found on the streets and in the yards. Grenades are also sometimes shoved under them. Grenades and similar items DO NOT TOUCH! And don't even get close to them. Or, if you are alone, mark the area with sticks and put a warning sign on them. And immediately run to the commandant's office for sappers.

No objects, even the most attractive in appearance and seemingly necessary, should not move. It is even better not to approach, since not the objects themselves, but the approaches to them, may be mined. You should not enter houses, other premises, get inside military or transport equipment, unless it is reliably established that these objects are explosion-proof. If items that look like explosive devices or cause suspicion of their purpose are found, the military should be immediately informed about this and measures should be taken to ensure that no outsider approaches the dangerous place. Under no circumstances should measures be taken to independently neutralize explosive devices, no matter how primitive they may seem. In extreme cases, move them aside with an impromptu "cat" (a primitive rake with a rope tied to it) or a long pole from behind some kind of cover.
It is better to open the door of your house after absence, as well as any other door, gate or gate, from afar, with the help of a rope or a long hook, while in a shelter or behind a wall. Since they can be mined. Any rope, wire or fishing line stretched across the road should be alarming. They can be connected to a grenade ring. Similar - "stretch marks", alert on the trails and indoors, very often remain in places of recent battles, lying in wait for careless victims. If the stretch is pulled tight, without slack, then this is a clear sign of a breakaway action mine, which should work when the stretch is cut or broken. In unloading booby traps, the fuse is under the action of a constant load, when it is removed, it works and sets the mine in action. All of the above types of drive devices can be used when installing electric booby traps. Then, when the tension is pressed, pulled or broken, the load is removed, etc., the contacts of the explosive electrical circuit are closed and the mine is detonated. It is also better not to step on loose areas of soil. Exploded ground can also indicate the mines lurking in it. It is better to walk on asphalt. On the inscription "Caution, mines!" or simply "Mines" to pay attention, even if they are very old and broken and faded. During rapid demining, sappers mark the found mines with the help of temporary signs - most often sticks stuck into the ground and specifically laid out stones. For example, as shown in the picture (see picture). When moving on foot, you should try to follow each other at the maximum possible distance from each other to reduce the likelihood of being hit by high-explosive or fragmentation mines. While in position, one should not go beyond the established boundaries, beyond which the probability of mine explosions is much higher. Within the location, try to use the beaten paths to move from one object to another.

Mine safety measures (in case of emergency)

You need to work with a mine only alone, carefully checking the soil around the mine

It is impossible to pull a loosely stretched wire and cut a tightly stretched one.

If there is an electric wire twisted in half, you need to cut each core individually. If a single wire is found, it cannot be cut, as there may be two strands in the braid. Before cutting such a wire, you need to find the power source and disconnect it. Force should never be used.

It is impossible to remove a mine of an unfamiliar design with your hands and dig it up with metal objects. It must be removed by a cat, and the cat does not cling directly to the mine, but is dragged so that the mine engages and pulls off

Search min.

Mines are searched in the ground while standing and whether lying in behind in dependence on the situation. In a standing position with a long probe ( sharpened ramrod or knife ) you need to smoothly and carefully pierce the soil in front of you at an angle of 20-40 ° to the surface, carefully examining it. In the prone position, a short probe (one link) is used, while the sleeves of the uniform must be rolled up to increase sensitivity when in contact with the tension wire.

During reconnaissance with a probe, a strip no more than 1.5 m wide is simultaneously examined to a depth of about 15-20 cm, punctures are made every 5-10 cm of soil. When the probe meets a solid object in the ground, probing in this place must be stopped and the ground around this object should be carefully removed with your hands in order to inspect it. Mark the discovered mine and try not to touch it. Better bypass.

If it is impossible to bypass or overcome the minefield in another way, a passage is made in it by cats by pulling mines from a place. Removing a mine by a cat is carried out in the following sequence: carefully remove the masking layer and dig out the mine with your hands without touching it from the spot, hook it with the cat, take cover no closer than 30 m (lie down on the ground no closer than 50 m) and pull the mine from its place by the rope, wait 30 seconds and after that, approaching the mine, inspect it and make sure that there is no other mine in the hole. Pulling a mine from a hole in a frozen or rocky ground can be done through a slingshot. After the mine is pulled from its place and there was no explosion, you can carefully take it with your hands, move it and put it in a safe place (outside the passage).

Booby traps (ML), which are improvised explosive devices, were most widely used in partisan operations and operations of German punitive forces during the Second World War. Distinctive feature ML is actuation under the influence of dynamic influences (when moving, lifting, pressing, pulling a cable, etc.) used by an uninformed person or group of people. From a legal point of view, two classes of ML can be distinguished: "legal" ML are used in the armed forces, "illegal" or "dirty" ML are weapons of terrorists.

The "legal" military ML includes certain types of mine devices, both factory-made and improvised products of special forces forces. These mines are used both in the form of single devices and in a system minefields,

The use of military ML is regulated by a special Convention on Conventional Arms of December 2, 1983, signed by 57 UN states and ratified by 31 countries. According to this convention, a mine is any charge placed under the level or on the surface of the earth (other surface), designed to be triggered (detonation or explosion) in the presence (contact or non-contact) of a person or vehicle. The installation of mines can be carried out with the help of artillery, rocket launchers, howitzers, etc. Mines can be dropped from aircraft.

ML refers to any product designed or adapted to injure or kill, and which works unexpectedly for a person when he approaches or comes into contact with a seemingly safe object or when performing a seemingly safe action.

The category of "other devices" includes manually placed charges and devices for the purpose of killing or causing injury or damage that are triggered by signals remote control or automatically by clockwork signals.

The Convention prohibits the use of these means against the civilian population. Article 6 of the Convention contains a long list of prohibitions on the use of certain types of ML. In particular, it is forbidden to use ML disguised as outwardly harmless objects or in some way related to:

Protective international emblems, signs and signals;

sick, wounded, dead people;

Medical installations and equipment, gear and vehicles;

Places of cremation and burial;

Children's toys and other small items of food, disease prevention, hygiene, clothing and education for children;

food products;

Kitchen utensils, excluding those used in military establishments, military bases and warehouses;

objects of religious worship;

Historical monuments, works of art or places of worship constituting the cultural or spiritual heritage of peoples;

Animals or their skeletons.

The use of ML occupies an important place in the charters of all the armies of the world. A soldier must know the methods of using legal military ML (mines and minefields) and the rules for assembling permitted types of improvised ML. The troops must be ready to recognize and neutralize, clear mine "dirty" ML of the enemy who has not joined the convention. Therefore, the personnel, primarily of the engineering troops and front line units, are specially trained in handling ML at special training grounds.

ML are used in the armed forces of countries that have not acceded to the Convention. From time to time there are discussions regarding legal status partisan units, paramilitary formations, the so-called liberation armies, separatist movements. Usually these organizations are not members of the UN and are not parties to the Convention. Therefore, when conducting hostilities against them, they proceed from the possibility of using "forbidden" ML by them.

Terrorist organizations of the world today use a new generation of ML using the latest advances in modern electronics. Since terrorists are not bound by convention, there is a real danger of using the most sophisticated means of destruction. Wide application terrorists ML is due to the insignificant risk of detention or defeat of the terrorists themselves.

In a number of countries, especially in the USA and Canada, literature on the management of special operations, which gives type descriptions. "How to make ML at home", "Semtex Homemade Explosives", "Homemade Mine", etc. Occasionally, statements of military manuals that have ceased to operate appear in the press, which are good sources of ideas for criminals. You can also purchase special videos. On the first pages of such publications, a warning is usually placed like: "Neither the author nor the publisher is responsible for the use by the reader of the methods given in the publication. The content of the book is for informational purposes only, and the methods described are life-threatening. Illegal use of the methods is punishable by imprisonment for a term of 10 years or a fine of at least $20,000." Naturally, such warnings are empty words for terrorists. The Anarchist Cookbook, published in 1971, contained very simple instructions that were immediately used by the Red Brigades. Another danger is posed by terrorists who have served in the army. In terrorist organizations, MLs are usually made and used by well-trained people.

In the specialized literature, another term is also used - "improvised explosive device" (IED), which is used as a collective term for explosive devices used by terrorists. ML is one of the types of IWU, although the border between ML and IWU can be very difficult to draw. For example, a letter or parcel with a bomb activated by dynamic action (opening) can be called ML. The time bomb in the bag left in the phone booth is an IWU. However, the same bag that explodes when the door is opened is already ML.

The ML consists of an explosive charge (usually hidden), a trigger device (through which the target person has a dynamic effect on the mine mechanism), an activating device driven by a trigger device (primer or detonator). A connection or mechanism is established between the main charge and the trigger. Everything together is enclosed in a container - a book, a kettle, an armchair, a telephone, a TV set, etc.

ML triggers are extremely diverse:

Press - the victim stands on the step and presses the primer;

Releasing - the victim picks up a book or a can of Coca-Cola from the table;

Pull-out - an inconspicuous wire connects the ML to a stationary object

Working on deflection - a board laid across the ditch;

Working on cutting - the cable or wire is cut to eliminate the obstacle to movement;

The listed mechanisms in combination with moderators;

Electrical devices that are activated when the light in the room or the TV is turned on;

chemical reactions- mixing of reacting liquids when lifting the bottle;

Opto-electric - German terrorists preferred systems with a light beam, the overlap of which led to the operation of covertly installed outdoor explosive devices;

Use of various physical phenomena(opening the box causes the photosensitive element to work, vibration - to detonation when shaking, changing atmospheric pressure leads to the operation of an explosive device in the cargo hold of the aircraft, etc.).

Human imagination is limitless, so the struggle between terrorists and law enforcement will only intensify.

Terrorists use ordinary household items to make ML: wire, boxes, furniture items, kitchen utensils, simple tools, books, bottles, etc. The main problem is the acquisition of explosives and detonators (capsules). Explosives need safe transportation and installation. Terrorists need a relatively simple channel for acquiring explosives, which must be easy to mold and detonate reliably. At the same time, they must be resistant to extraneous influences, do not evaporate and have no smell. Terrorist organizations are constantly looking for sources of explosives, which can be poorly guarded military and civilian depots, especially those located in sparsely populated areas. Often terrorists use military explosive devices (grenades, rockets, etc.) in combination with special devices. A hand grenade can serve as the main charge of the ML, installed behind the door, which, when opened, pulls out the pin of the grenade.

In terrorist practice, noiseless electric clocks, alarm clocks, and switches triggered by sound, light, and steam are often used. Light bulbs, thyristors, photocells, chemical reagents are used.

The terrorists themselves make explosives from improvised means, for example, by mixing sugar and herbicides.

The place for laying the ML is selected taking into account the usual movement of a person around the room when opening and closing the window, window, when using the telephone, turning on the lighting in the room, etc. Two different MLs can be installed in case one of them is found. Usually they play on the curiosity of a person who cannot help touching a color photograph on the wall or a book on the table. It is always interesting to look into a book with a bright cover. It is possible that two or more MLs will be connected into a single system, so that when one of them is affected, they will all work at once (for example, in a car). Some terrorist organizations use different types of ML, which makes their search especially difficult.

There is no single method of protection against ML, however, it should be noted that protection against terrorist explosive devices is one of the elements of the overall system of integrated security. General protective measures against ML and IED can be as follows:

Law enforcement collect all data on cases of application of ML and exchange these data;

A list of all possible household materials, chemicals and products suitable for the manufacture of ML is compiled and updated;

A search is underway for substances that can replace "explosive" substances in national economic production processes;

In a number of countries, explosives are specially marked so that, if necessary, their type and place of manufacture can be established. It is to be hoped that the circle of such countries will expand;

Improved procedures for rapid and effective search smuggling of explosives in border divisions and customs authorities;

Held special training employees for security departments of private firms. Employees of firms should know how to act in the event of the discovery of unusual objects, in the case when incomprehensible events occur, etc.

When organizing personal protection, they proceed from the possibility of using ML.

Surprise mines and booby traps are a mine or explosive charge with a fuse triggered by the movement of any object associated with the mine or charge. Although such mines are often used on minefields, however, they are not classified as conventional landmines.

Surprise mines and booby traps are not used to solve any special tactical tasks, except for disabling enemy manpower and morally suppressing it. Surprise mines and booby traps are usually set during a retreat, into the depths of enemy defenses, or when reconnaissance penetrates there. They can be installed anywhere.

They mine buildings, the corpses of the dead, abandoned equipment, vehicles, etc. The effectiveness of the action largely depends on how skillfully they are installed and disguised. anti-personnel mines can be made from artillery, mortar ammunition, anti-tank mines, hand grenades and other types of explosives.

Surprise mines are triggered by direct pressure on the fuse, lifting (removing from the mine) some seemingly safe object, moving (shifting) any object connected with a thin wire to the mine fuse, cutting the wire associated with the mine fuse, the appearance of magnetic power lines, heat, sound, electromagnetic induction and high frequency currents, short circuit electric current, connecting broken wires of high voltage lines in cities to be restored, burning stoves and fireplaces in abandoned and mined houses.

Anti-personnel tin booby trap.

Made from a metal can. It looks like a can of beer or any other. The explosive mechanism can be any improvised fuse or fuse of industrial production, a fuse from a grenade, from which the moderator has been previously removed. The booby trap operates with a tension wire attached to a pull ring. From pulling out the safety checks, the drummer is released, which pricks the fuse. Mines of this type should not be cleared, as they may be accidentally detonated.

Concrete fragmentation booby traps.

They consist of an explosive charge enclosed in a concrete case along with bolts, nuts, stones, glass fragments and other metal debris. Usually undermined by batteries or demolition machine.

Mina-surprise from a coconut.

It is made by filling the inner cavity of the nut with black powder. A grating igniter is installed in the mine, although an electric igniter can also be used. The mine is installed in the ground and sprinkled with stones and bricks on top to increase the damaging effect. It is expedient to use mines of this type in narrow passages.

Bamboo booby trap.

Made from a large piece of bamboo. Bamboo is hollowed out and filled with plastic explosive or black powder, along with nuts, bolts and small pieces of metal scrap, to increase efficiency. Typically, a grater tension fuse is used in a mine. It can also be undermined by an electrical command.

TOW POPPER booby traps.

They are made from cartridge cases or pieces of pipes of various diameters. Equipped with black powder, primer-igniter and various fragments to improve efficiency. If you step on such a mine, the charge of black powder ignites and the fragments inside are shot up.

A booby trap in the form of a clod of earth.

Comprises hand grenade smeared with sun-dried mud or clay. During manufacture, the safety pin is removed and a piece of wire 25-30 cm long is installed in its place. When the dirt becomes hard enough to hold the pin, the wire is removed. Thus, the grenade is transferred to the firing position. Now the grenade will explode when the shell is broken, the installation option can be used as a delayed action mine. The grenade is placed in a container filled with liquid, and as soon as the liquid dissolves the shell, an explosion will occur.

Homemade booby trap Claymore.

In its action, it is similar to the American M18A1 mine. The main components include a container, a plastic explosive charge, fragments of the appropriate shape and an electric detonator. A typical case is 460×150×100 mm. Plastic explosive, which is given a curved shape for scattering fragments like a fan, is placed in the case. Nuts, bolts, nails, glass, links of cartridge belts and other improvised materials serve as a fragmentation element. When a mine explodes, the affected area usually has the shape of a sector, with great efficiency at a distance of up to 50 meters. Mines of this type are often used in pairs. They are used both where crowds of people are possible, and outdoors.

Booby trap Skyhorse.

It is an improvised anti-personnel weapon made from a piece of pipe with a diameter of approximately 50 mm and a length of 30-90 cm. The pipe is closed at one end. An explosive charge is placed in the pipe, followed by fragments, nails, stones, pieces of barbed wire, bolts and other available material, fixed with a wad and sealed with paraffin. The mine has a simple exploding mechanism, reinforced from the outside, which can be activated using a cord or tension wire. This means is usually installed to cover roads, paths or other ways of possible enemy movement. The mine is placed in such a way that it can be detonated by an observer with a cord or in the usual way with a tension wire.

Mine-trap from hunting cartridges.

Has two hunting cartridges, installed between two boards so that they can work with pressure on the top board. The design of such a mine is simple and effective.

Tubular booby traps.

Used against small boats and enemy personnel. It is installed by fixing the lower part on a bamboo peg driven into the ground. Under pressure, it displaces the primer-igniter to the striker (nail), as a result of which black powder enclosed in a limited volume is ignited. The resulting explosion ejects fragments covered with paraffin plug from the tube. Such a mine is usually called a cartridge mine.

Shestovy charge-trap.

Consists of a certain amount of explosives wrapped in waterproof fabric and tied to a pole. Explosives, often represented by potassium chlorate, are initiated by a CD using a igniter cord.

Explosive charge in a canister.

It is made by partially filling the canister with explosives. The fuse is made from wrist watch. This type of charge is used for sabotage.

Explosive charge "Bangalore torpedo".

It is usually made from a piece of pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, which is filled with TNT or menilite. The ignition socket is located at the end. Such a charge can be used with any type of fuse.