Name of nationalities. The peoples of Russia. Such different "Russians"
How many nations in the world
- Russian inhabitants of the country number (according to the latest census) more than one hundred and ten million people.
- Tatars of several groups, reaching 5.4 million people.
- Ukrainians, numbering two million people. The main part of the Ukrainian people lives on the territory of Ukraine; in Russia, representatives of this people appeared in the course of historical development in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and modern periods.
- Bashkirs, another nomadic people in the past. Their number is 1.6 million people.
- Chuvash, residents of the Volga region - 1.4 million.
- Chechens, one of the peoples of the Caucasus - 1.4 million, etc.
- poor fertility and the gradual decline of most peoples;
- globalization, and at the same time the influence of culture and way of life large nations(Russian and Anglo-Saxon);
- general problems of the economy, undermining the economic base of the peoples, and so on.
The national composition of the world's population. Its changes and geographical differences. The largest nations of the world
There are about 3 - 4 thousand peoples or ethnic groups in the world, some of which have developed into nations, while others are nationalities and tribes.
For your information: an ethnos is a historically established, stable community of people, which has a combination of such features as a common language, territory, features of life and culture, ethnic identity.
The peoples of the world are classified:
I By number:
In total, there are more than 300 peoples in the world, numbering over 1 million people each, which account for 96% of the total population of the Earth. Including the number of more than 5 million people are about 130 peoples, more than 10 million - 76 peoples, more than 25 million - 35 peoples, more than 100 million - 7 peoples.
For your information: 7 most numerous nations:
1) Chinese (Han) - 1048 million people (in China - 97% of the total number of people in the country);
2) Hindustanis - 223 million people (in India - 99.7%);
3) US Americans - 187 million people. (in the USA - 99.4%);
4) Bengalis - 176 million people. (in Bangladesh - 59%, in India - 40%);
5) Russians - 146 million people. (in Russia - 79.5%);
6) Brazilians - 137 million people. (in Brazil - 99.7%);
7) Japanese - 123 million people. (in Japan - 99%).
But there are peoples numbering less than 1 thousand people.
As you can see, the concepts of ethnicity, nation are different, I did not find information about the number of nations.
It is difficult to calculate how many nationalities in the world, since peoples merge all the time in the world. There are 251 countries in the world. But there are about 2000 nationalities with their own language and religion, but this figure is constantly changing, due to the fact that some peoples simply disappear from the face of the earth.
There are more than 2000 nationalities in the world, but these are the main nationalities.
But every nationality has ethnic peoples, as for example among the Dagestanis - Avars, Dargins, Lezgins, Laks, Tabasarans, Nogais, Rutuls, Tsakhurs, Aguls, etc.
If by nationality, then 252.
No one will name the exact number of nationalities living on Earth, the number is gradually changing, some nationalities disappear or merge with others. For 2015, about two thousand nationalities are allocated.
Although the humanity of the Earth was usually divided into races, and these are the four main ones: Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid and Australoid. But they are only 70% of the total population of the world, and 30% are already racial groups that arose as a result of the mixing of these main races. In the world there are 3-4 thousand various peoples. Mixing of blood in our world is happening all the time. If there was a time when national borders coincided with state borders, where 90% of the population consisted of the main nationality, for example, Denmark, Poland, many Latin American states, now people migrate more often.
It all depends on what is meant by the word nationality. So in the domestic sense, nationality is ethnic background individual, i.e. to which nation he belongs. In the West, the term nationality is understood as citizenship, or the nationality of a person. If we evaluate the number of nationalities in the domestic sense of the word, then their number, according to various estimates, will be from 4500 to 6000. In the second case, the number of nationalities converges with the number of states and becomes the number 192.
If you mean by the term nationality some belonging to one or another ethnic group of a certain individual, then in the whole world there will be about 2000 such groups that are registered in official sources, but I do not agree with this, because I think that if a person has modern world there was a mixture of blood, then it will already be a different nationality, and not a choice between mother or father
Now there are from 4,500 to 6,000 nationalities on Earth, but no one can say exactly how many nationalities there really are on our Earth, but only approximately put these numbers, there are many ethnic groups, groups of nationalities that differ in their peculiarity and language, outward signs(appearance, eyes).
Only in Russia there are more than 180 nationalities.
But total number There are between 2,500 and 5,000 languages on earth.
They say that the quantity nations equals the number states, but there are even more nationalities.
There are no exact data, because different countries have their own concept of nationality, moreover, some of them do not have specific information due to the poor organization of the population census.
Considering that there are more than 200 nationalities in Russia alone, I think this figure will reach more than 1000.
The name of all nationalities living in our country can be found on WIKIPEDIA at the link:
There are many nationalities on Earth, some indicate a number from 800 to 2 thousand. The discrepancies are so great because not all countries keep records of the national composition and the population census is poorly developed.
I found information that 252 nationalities live on Earth. FROM complete list and the number of peoples can be found in the photo below.
No one knows the exact number of nationalities of people living in our time from one simple but global cause: ** INTERRACIAL AND INTERNATIONAL MIXING **, for example: a Ukrainian woman gives birth from a Negro, a Russian woman from a Kazakh, a Pole from a Chinese, etc. The approximate number of nationalities is about 2000 thousand.
No one can say the exact number of nationalities on the planet, but official sources give a figure of about 2000. According to official data, about two hundred nationalities live in our country.
Only on the territory of Russia there are 65 small peoples, and the number of some of them does not exceed a thousand people. There are hundreds of similar peoples on Earth, and each carefully preserves its customs, language and culture.
Our top ten today includes the most minorities peace.
10. Ginuhs
This small nation lives on the territory of Dagestan, and its number is only 443 people as of the end of 2010. For a long time, the Ginukh people were not singled out as a separate ethnic group, since the Ginukh language was considered only one of the dialects of the Tsez language common in Dagestan.
9. Selkups
Until the 1930s, representatives of this West Siberian people were called Ostyak-Samoyeds. The number of Selkups is slightly more than 4 thousand people. They live mainly on the territory of the Tyumen, Tomsk regions, as well as the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
8. Nganasans
This people lives on the Taimyr Peninsula, and its number is about 800 people. Nganasany - the most northern people in Eurasia. Until the middle of the 20th century, the people led a nomadic life, driving herds of deer over great distances, today the Nganasans live settled.
7. Orochons
The place of residence of this small ethnic group is China and Mongolia. The population is about 7 thousand people. The history of the people has more than a thousand years, the Orochons are mentioned in many documents related to the early Chinese imperial dynasties.
6. Evenki
This indigenous people of Russia lives in Eastern Siberia. This people is the most numerous in our ten - its number is quite sufficient to populate a small town. There are about 35 thousand Evenks in the world.
5. Kets
Kets live in the north Krasnoyarsk Territory. The number of this people is less than 1500 people. Until the middle of the 20th century, representatives of the ethnic group were called Ostyaks, as well as Yeniseis. The Ket language belongs to the group of Yenisei languages.
4. Chulyms
The number of this indigenous people of Russia is 355 people as of 2010. Despite the fact that most of the Chulyms recognize Orthodoxy, the ethnic group carefully preserves some traditions of shamanism. Chulyms live mainly in the Tomsk region. Interestingly, the Chulym language does not have a written language.
3. Basins
The number of this people living in Primorye is only 276 people. The Taz language is a mixture of one of the Chinese dialects with the Nanai language. Now less than half of those who identify themselves as Taz speak this language.
2. Livy
This extremely small people lives on the territory of Latvia. From time immemorial, the main occupations of the Livs were piracy, fishing and hunting. Today, the people are almost completely assimilated. According to official figures, only 180 Livs remained.
1 Pitcairnians
This people is the smallest in the world and lives on the small island of Pitcairn in Oceania. The number of Pitcairns is about 60 people. They are all descendants of the sailors of the British warship Bounty, who landed here in 1790. The Pitcairn language is a mixture of Simplified English, Tahitian and Maritime vocabulary.
In the modern world, Russia is the largest country occupying a vast area - more than seventeen thousand square kilometers. Two continents divide it into parts - European and Asian. Each of them is larger in territory than many of the not-so-small states of the Earth.
In terms of population, however, our country is only in ninth place. The number of Russians today does not even reach one hundred and fifty million people. The problem is that most of the country's territory lies under the deserted steppes and taiga, for example, these are the most remote regions of Siberia.
However, this is offset by the number of peoples living here. So it was predetermined by the past. Historically, Russia is multinational state, which it has become, absorbing neighboring peoples, attracting strangers with large territories and wealth. According to official data, almost two hundred peoples now live in the Russian state, differing sharply in number: from Russians (more than one hundred and ten million people) to Kereks (less than ten representatives).
How many of us?
How many peoples live on the territory of Russia? How to find out? leading sources useful information about the population of our country are statistical censuses, regularly conducted in last years. At the same time, by modern methods and according to democratic approaches, data on the nationality of the inhabitants of Russia by origin are not noted in the documents, which is why the digital material for the census appeared on the basis of the self-determination of Russians.
In total, in recent years, a little more than 80% of the country's citizens declared themselves Russians by nationality, only 19.1% remained for representatives of other peoples. Almost six million census participants could not single out their nationality at all or defined it as a fantastic people (elves, for example).
Summing up the final calculations, it should be noted that the total number of the peoples of the country who do not consider themselves to be the Russian population did not exceed twenty-five million citizens.
This suggests that the ethnic composition of the Russian population is very complex and requires constant special attention. On the other hand, there is one large ethnic group that serves as a kind of core for the entire system.
Ethnic composition
The basis of the national composition of Russia is, of course, the Russians. This people comes with its historical roots from Eastern Slavs who lived on the territory of Rus' since ancient times. A significant part of Russians exist, of course, in Russia, but there are large strata in a number of former Soviet republics, in the USA. This is the most significant European ethnic group. Today, more than one hundred and thirty-three million Russians live in the world.
Russians are the titular people of our country, their representatives dominate in a significant number of regions of the modern Russian state. Of course, this led to side effects. The spread of this nation over several centuries on vast territory during historical development led to the formation of dialect, as well as separate ethnic groups. For example, Pomors live on the coast of the White Sea, making up the sub-ethnos of local Karelians and Russians who came in the past.
Among the more complex ethnic associations, groups of peoples can be noted. The largest group of peoples are the Slavs, mainly from the eastern subgroup.
In the aggregate, representatives of nine large language families live in Russia, strongly diverging in language, culture, and way of life. With the exception of Indo-European family, they are mostly of Asian origin.
This is the approximate ethnic composition of the Russian population today according to official data. What can be said for sure is that our country is distinguished by a significant diversity of nationalities.
The largest peoples of Russia
Nationalities living in Russia are quite clearly divided into numerous and small. The first include, in particular:
There are other peoples with a similar number that have played an important role in the past and, possibly, the future of the country.
Small peoples of Russia
How many peoples live on the territory of Russia from among the small ones? There are many such ethnic groups in the country, but they are poorly represented in the total volume, since they are very small in number. These national groups include the peoples of the Finno-Ugric, Samoyed, Turkic, Sino-Tibetan groups. Particularly small are the Kereks (a tiny people - only four people), the Vod people (sixty-four people), the Enets (two hundred and seventy-seven people), the Ults (almost three hundred people), the Chulyms (a little more than three and a half hundred), the Aleuts (almost five hundred) , Negidals (slightly more than five hundred), Orochi (almost six hundred). For all of them, the problem of survival is the most acute and everyday issue.
Map of the peoples of Russia
In addition to the strong dispersion in the number of national composition of Russia and the inability of many ethnic groups in modern times to maintain their numbers on their own, there is also the problem of distribution on the territory of the country. The population of Russia is settled very heterogeneously, which is caused primarily by economic motives both in the historical past and in the present.
The bulk is located in the area between the Baltic St. Petersburg, Siberian Krasnoyarsk, the Black Sea Novorossiysk and the Far Eastern Primorsky Territory, where all big cities. Reasons for this - good climate and favorable economic background. To the north of this territory is permafrost caused by eternal cold, and to the south - vast expanses of lifeless desert.
In terms of population density, Siberia has received one of the last places in the modern world. Its vast territory has less than 30 million inhabitants permanently. This is only 20% of the total population of the country. While in its vast area, Siberia reaches three-quarters of the expanses of Russia. The most densely populated areas are Derbent - Sochi and Ufa - Moscow.
In the Far East, a significant population density runs along the length of the entire Trans-Siberian route. Increased rates settlement densities stand out in the region of the Kuznechny coal basin. All these areas attract Russians with their economic and natural wealth.
Most big nations countries: Russians, to a lesser extent Tatars and Ukrainians - mainly located in the south-west of the state. Ukrainians today are mostly located on the territory of the Chukotka Peninsula and in the Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug, in the distant Magadan Region.
Other small peoples of the Slavic ethnic group, such as Poles and Bulgarians, do not create large compact groups and are scattered throughout the country. A rather compact group of the Polish population is located only in the Omsk region.
Tatars
The number of Tatars living in Russia, as noted above, has exceeded the level of three percent of the total Russian population. About a third of them live compactly in the region of the Russian Federation called the Republic of Tatarstan. Group settlements exist in the regions of the Volga region, in the far north, and so on.
A significant part of the Tatars are supporters of Sunni Islam. Separate groups of Tatars have linguistic differences, culture and way of life. The common language is within the Turkic group of Altaic languages language family, it has three dialects: Mishar (Western), more common Kazan (Middle), slightly distant Siberian-Tatar (Eastern). In Tatarstan, this language appears as an official one.
Ukrainians
One of the numerous East Slavic peoples is the Ukrainians. More than forty million Ukrainians live in their historical homeland. In addition, significant diasporas exist not only in Russia, but also in Europe and America.
Ukrainians living in Russia, including migrant workers, make up about five million people. A significant number of them are in cities. Especially large groups of this ethnic group are located in the capital, in the oil and gas-bearing regions of Siberia, the Far North, and so on.
Belarusians
AT modern Russia Belarusians, taking into account their total number in the world, are a large number of. As the 2010 re-pi-s of the Russian na-se-le-niya shows, there are a little more than half a million Belarusians living in Russia. A significant proportion of be-lo-ru-sovs is located in the capitals, as well as in a number of re-gi-o-nov, for example, in Karelia, the Kaliningrad region.
In the pre-revolutionary years, a large number of Belarusians moved to Siberia and Far East, later there were national administrative units. By the end of the eighties, there were more than one million Belarusians in the territory of the RSFSR. Today their number has halved, but it is obvious that the Belarusian stratum in Russia will be preserved.
Armenians
There are quite a lot of Armenians living in Russia, however, according to various sources, their number diverges. Thus, according to the 2010 census, there were a little more than one million people in Russia, that is, less than one percent of the total population. According to the assumptions of the Armenian public organizations, the number of the Armenian stratum in the country at the beginning of the twentieth century exceeded two and a half million people. And Russian President V.V. Putin, speaking about the number of Armenians in Russia, voiced the figure of three million people.
In any case, the Armenians play a serious role in the social and cultural life of Russia. Thus, Armenians work in the Russian government (Chilingarov, Bagdasarov, etc.), in show business (I. Allegrova, V. Dobrynin, etc.), and in other areas of activity. In sixty-three regions of Russia there are regional organizations Union of Armenians of Russia.
Germans
The Germans living in Russia are representatives of an ethnic group that has experienced a controversial and in some ways even tragic history. Massively moving in the eighteenth-nineteenth centuries at the invitation of the Russian government, they mainly settled in the Volga region, western and southern provinces Russian Empire. Life on good lands was free, but in the twentieth century historical events hurt the Germans. First the First World War, then the Great Patriotic war led to mass repression. In the fifties and eighties of the last century, the history of this ethnic group was hushed up. It is not for nothing that in the nineties a mass migration of Germans began, the number of which, according to some reports, barely exceeds the number of half a million.
True, in recent years, episodic re-evacuation from Europe to Russia has begun, but so far it has not reached large scales.
Jews
It is not easy to say how many Jews live in Russia at the present time due to their active migration both to Israel and back to the Russian state. In the historical past, there were many Jews in our country - in the Soviet era, several million. But with the collapse of the USSR and significant migration to their historical homeland, their number decreased. Now, according to public Jewish organizations, there are approximately one million Jews in Russia, half of them are residents of the capital.
Yakuts
This is a Turkic-speaking rather numerous people, the indigenous population of the region adapted to local conditions.
How many Yakuts are in Russia? According to the All-Russian census of the domestic population of 2010, there were slightly less than half a million people, mainly in Yakutia and nearby regions. The Yakuts are the most numerous (about half of the population) people and the most significant of the indigenous peoples of Russian Siberia.
In the traditional economy and material culture of this people, there are many close, similar moments with pastoralists South Asia. On the territory of the Middle Lena, a variant of the Yakut economy was formed, combining nomadic cattle breeding and the most important extensive types of crafts (meat and fish), suitable for the local one. In the north of the region there is also an original form of draft reindeer herding.
Reasons for resettlement
The history of the ethnic composition of the population of Russia in the course of its development is extremely ambiguous. The accelerated settlement of the Russian state by Ukrainians occurred in the Middle Ages. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, according to the instructions government agencies settlers from the southern lands were sent to the east to develop new territories. After some time, representatives of social strata from different regions began to be sent there.
Representatives of the intelligentsia voluntarily moved to St. Petersburg in an era when this city had the status of the capital of the state. Nowadays, Ukrainians make up the largest ethnic group in Russia in terms of the number of people after, of course, Russians.
At the other extreme are representatives of small nations. Kereks, having the smallest number, are in particular danger. According to the last census, only four representatives remained, although fifty years ago there were only a hundred Kereks. The leading languages for these people are Chukchi and common Russian, native Kerek is found only in the form of an ordinary passive language. The Kereks are very close to the Chukchi people in terms of culture and ordinary daily activities, which is why they were in constant assimilation with them.
Problems and the future
The ethnic composition of the population of Russia will undoubtedly develop in the future. AT modern conditions the revival of ethnographic traditions and the culture of peoples is clearly visible. However, the development of ethnic groups is experiencing a number of problems:
Much in such a situation depends on the national governments themselves, including the Russian one, and on world opinion.
But I want to believe that the small peoples of Russia will continue to develop and increase in the following centuries.
To the question How many nationalities officially exist in the world? And how many of them are there in Russia and the USA? given by the author Kevin the best answer is The number of each national group (according to the estimates of the US Census Bureau for 2003):
White: 81.7%
African Americans: 12.9%
Asians 4.2%
Indians, Eskimos and Aleuts 1%,
Native Hawaiians and other Oceanians 0.2% (2003)
According to the 2000 census:
total: 281,421,906,
whites - 75.1% (211,460,626), African Americans - 12.3% (34,658,190),
Aleut and Eskimo Indians - 0.9% (2,475,956),
Asians - 3.6% (10,242,998),
Native Hawaiians or other inhabitants of Oceania - 0.1% (398.835),
other nationalities 0 5.5% (15,359,073),
2 or more nationalities - 2.4% (6,826,228);
Hispanics −12.5% (35,305,818).
Note: Spaniards is not included in the list because the US Census Bureau assumes a Hispanic person of Hispanic origin (including Cubans, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans) living in the states and who can be of any race or ethnic group (White, Black, Asian, and etc.)
The national composition of the population of modern Russia is also very diverse (more than 100 nations and nationalities live here).
According to the last census of 1989, the majority of the population is Russian (more than 80%), of the numerous nationalities inhabiting Russia, the following should be noted: Tatars (over 5 million people), Ukrainians (over 4 million), Chuvashs, Bashkirs, Belarusians, Mordovians, etc.
All the peoples inhabiting our country can be divided into three groups. The first is ethnic groups, most of which live in Russia, and outside of it they make up only small groups (Russians, Chuvashs, Bashkirs, Tatars, Komi, Yakuts, Buryats, Kalmyks, etc.). They, as a rule, form national-state units.
The second group is those peoples of the countries of the "near abroad" (i.e., the republics former USSR), as well as some other countries that are represented on the territory of Russia by significant groups, in some cases by compact settlement (Ukrainians, Belarusians, Kazakhs, Armenians, Poles, Greeks, etc.).
And, finally, the third group is formed by small divisions of ethnic groups, most of them living outside of Russia (Romanians, Hungarians, Abkhazians, Chinese, Vietnamese, Albanians, Croats, etc.).
Thus, about 100 peoples (the first group) live mainly on the territory of Russia, the rest (representatives of the second and third groups) - mainly in the countries of the "near abroad" or other states of the world, but are still an essential element of the population of Russia.
Russia, being a multinational republic in its own way state structure, is a federation built according to the national-territorial principle.
Russia is primarily a Slavic state (the share of Slavs is over 85%) and the largest Slavic state in the world.
Answer from 2 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: How many nationalities officially exist in the world? And how many of them are there in Russia and the USA?
Answer from Alex Startseff[guru]
We have a lot, but the USA has no nationalities, all Americans ...
Answer from Andrey Komradov[guru]
We have the most ethnic country.
Answer from Grandpa Gosh[guru]
In the USA, one nationality is an American or a US citizen. In Russia, there is also one nationality - a Russian-Russian or a citizen of the Russian Federation. There are as many nations in the world as there are countries. Everything else is from the great mind of foolish politicians and wise scientists. State and nation are synonyms. But the peoples...Yesterday they were Russians, today they have become Ukrainians. Siberians and Volga residents may appear in the same way.
