The foundation of paving slabs for the gazebo. So that the rest is not overshadowed by anything: we choose the foundation for the gazebo. Important construction milestones

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Even at the design stage of a summer building, special attention should be paid to the type of foundation, because it plays a key role in the service life and reliability of the structure. The best option for light-weight structures is the columnar type of foundation. In addition to the gazebo, it is perfect for building a bathhouse, garage, pergola, terrace, gazebo, hozblok, frame house or timber structure.

Advantages and disadvantages

The standard type of columnar foundation is the required number of concrete pillars dug into the ground at a distance of up to 3 m from each other. The upper edges of the supports are tied with wood, reinforced concrete. It is allowed to use the method of pouring concrete. It is used in regions with stable soils.

Users often search:

Among the main advantages it is worth highlighting:

Shortened terms of creation.
No need to deepen the foundation.
Such a foundation can be built manually in a couple of days, without involving third-party help and special equipment.
Economical consumption of materials.
No need for serious hydro or thermal insulation.
Inexpensive cost in comparison with other types of bases.

But the disadvantage of such a foundation is that it is suitable for structures with a bulk weight of not more than 1000 kg / m 3.

It is most often used under wooden, metal or. In the latter case, a grillage is poured over the pillars (a solid tape of concrete).

It is not recommended to form a foundation of aerated concrete (gas blocks), silicate brick, cinder block. These types of raw materials do not tolerate high humidity, so the service life of a building with such a foundation will be only a few years. In the future, the pillars will begin to crack and will warp.

What material to choose?

To get a reliable base for the gazebo, you need to purchase the right type of material. These should include:

Brick. It will be the right solution on dry sandy soil, where groundwater is quite low. Brick racks have good bearing capacity, so they are suitable for any outbuildings. Their height will depend on climatic features region (how much the soil freezes in winter) and the total size of the base indicated in the drawing. The service life can be up to 100 years.
FBS. Preparation and pouring of such a base takes no more than 2 days. Standard size block 20x20x40 cm. To make it, you do not need to wait for the concrete solution to dry completely. You can continue working a day after filling it.
Wood. The preparation of such a foundation includes the mandatory treatment of logs with antiseptics and firing. However, due to the low bearing capacity, instability to the action of groundwater, this type of material is rarely used as the main one.
Monolithic concrete. For such a foundation, it is important to fasten the formwork from wooden boards, while fixing the reinforcement frame inside it and filling it with concrete. In order to extend the life of the structure for the base of this type, it is necessary to make a cushion of crushed stone with sand, which will seal the position of the supports and prevent them from being pushed out of the ground when severe frost, shrinkage gazebos.
Foam concrete. It gained wide popularity due to its low cost and speed of creation. However, the foam block foundation requires special attention, since it is unstable to excessive moisture, like cinder block material. For him, you certainly need to create a reliable heat and waterproofing. The role of the latter is a pillow made of sand and gravel; roofing material with bituminous mastic is suitable for the outer part. It is not recommended to apply on heaving soil.
You can build such a foundation quickly and cheaply. An excellent solution for loose, moving soil. The pipes are filled with a concrete solution and reinforced with wire rods with a diameter of not more than 12 mm.
Steel pipes. Pipes with a wall thickness of 4 mm and above are suitable for use. Before use, it should be coated with a primer for metal, which will protect against corrosion. Among all types of material, they have the highest bearing capacity. Such a foundation can easily withstand a gazebo with a massive stove, barbecue or barbecue.

An analogue of the latter type can be plastic pipes. In rare cases, natural stone can be used for the foundation, but laying it is a laborious process and takes a lot of time.

Carrying out calculations: the number of pillars, the depth of occurrence

An important value of the columnar foundation for the gazebo is its depth. It depends on the type of material, design parameters and soil properties in the cultivated area.

Depending on the indicator obtained, the basis is:

Unburied. The pillars are completely located on the surface of the soil. For reliability, the top layer of soil is removed under them, a pillow is made of sand and gravel.
Shallow. The depth of the supports is 35–75 cm from the soil level.
Recessed. The pillars are installed in such a way that their depth is below the freezing of the soil (from 2 m and more).

In some cases, the depth of the foundation in different places of the site may differ, then the maximum depth figure is taken as the basis.

The number of supports is determined by the parameters: the size and weight of the gazebo.

Without fail, the pillars are placed under the supporting beams, in the corners, in the center, at the intersection of the walls, under the stove (if any).

The distance between them can vary from 1.5 to 3 m. The height of the supports should be at least 30 cm above ground level. And in order to end up with a solid base structure, you need to remember to make a grillage.

The accuracy of the calculations will ensure the use of the computer program "Foundation" or its analogues. Therefore, for work, you should prepare the following data in advance:

location of the structure;
the depth of the pillars;
approximate weight of the building, including decorative elements;
type and features of the soil;
groundwater depth;
the level of soil freezing;
temperature indicators in winter;
total weight of the foundation;
possible climatic load (wind speed, snow volume).

The result of the calculations will be the determination of the bearing capacity, size, cross-sectional area, required amount pillars.

Construction company prices

If financial resources allow, then the installation of the foundation and the creation of the entire structure can be ordered from one of the construction companies. Specialists will perform work in accordance with the gazebo project, providing a guarantee for their services.

The price range in different cities can vary significantly. So, for 1 m 3 of a columnar foundation in Moscow, you will have to pay from 25 thousand rubles. And that's assuming the ground is level. If the depth of the pillars is different, then the cost of 1 m 3 will immediately double. In Kyiv, the pouring of this type of base will be from 3000 hryvnia per 1 m 3.

In addition, at the request of the customer, the foreman travels to the site free of charge, conducts the necessary measurements and calculations, makes an estimate of costs, so that the consumer can choose the most beneficial option for him to cooperate.

Step-by-step instructions for creating a foundation with your own hands

For self-construction of a columnar foundation, you need to prepare the necessary materials in advance. Among them:

sand,
rubble,
brick,
rebar,
wooden boards, formwork bars,
anchors, brackets,
concrete,
ruberoid.

The site is cleared of debris, vegetation. Level the surface. Further, the order of work is as follows:

Places for supports are being marked.
At the corners of the future structure, pits are dug for pillars, 50-70 cm deep, walls 30-40 cm wide. The distance between them can vary from 1.5 to 2 m. It all depends on the size of the gazebo.
A layer of crushed stone is poured to the bottom, then sand with a height of 20 cm.
A piece of roofing material is laid on top.
Concrete is poured at a level of 10 cm.
The mixture should be allowed a couple of days to solidify.
Laying begins. 2 bricks are laid side by side on a layer of cement mortar. A solution is again applied on top of them and a new pair of bricks is laid perpendicular to the first.

The average post height should be up to 50 cm above the ground. For a building measuring 3x3, 4x5 meters, 4-6 pillars will be enough.

After the masonry of the pillars is completed, the first crown is attached and the creation of the main part of the structure begins.

Thus, with a little effort, you can do it yourself, the quality and reliability of which will leave no doubt and save you money.

In most cases, the owners of summer cottages and suburban households seek to equip the territory of their site in order to make their rest comfortable and convenient, arrange a place for children to play and get together with friends. For such activities near the house, it is convenient to have a small gazebo, made of wood or metal structures, and in some cases, the owners prefer to make such buildings from stone and brick. There are even options for gazebos with windows, doors, some owners perform bunk structures with observation decks and balconies.

Like every building, a gazebo needs a strong and reliable foundation. Although such buildings, according to the classification, belong to small architectural forms and do not provide for the implementation of a massive foundation, as in the case of the construction of a residential building or other capital construction, however, for strength and reliability, it is better to build a gazebo on a foundation basis.

What foundation to choose for the gazebo

To build a gazebo, you can use the same types of foundations that are used in capital construction:

Tape is suitable for gazebos with structural elements such as windows, doors, for which the stability of the base is important, and any ground movements will cause distortions and problems with use;
Pile is usually used on unstable and swampy soils, and is also well suited for building gazebos on sloping terrain;
Slab is used quite rarely, as it is a costly option, but it is suitable for the construction of any massive structure, regardless of the type of soil;
The columnar option is the most suitable for light summer arbors.

Which foundation is suitable for a gazebo depends, first of all, on the size of the building and its massiveness. If you have chosen a light and small version of a gazebo made of wooden elements, you can get by with a simple shallow foundation. In the case of building a gazebo with massive walls, from heavy materials, or in the case of planning a building with windows and a door, you will have to spend money on making a more solid foundation.

In addition, the choice of foundation option is influenced by the type of soil of your land. Soils are classified according to SNiP as follows:

Clays and loams, they are characterized by water retention between soil layers, as a result, in winter, water freezes and causes shifts in the soil, the so-called heaving;
Sandy loam or fine sand middle option between alumina and sandy soil;
Coarse sand, sandy soils are considered the most convenient for the construction of foundations, they do not cause heaving, the foundations on them are more stable.

Advice! On clay soils, to increase stability and movement, it is recommended to deepen the foundation to the depth of soil freezing, in different regions of Russia it will be various meanings, depending on geographic location.

But for the construction of gazebos, they try to choose the most acceptable option both in terms of monetary costs and the complexity of the work. good choice for stable soils not subject to swelling, will become columnar foundation.

How to make a columnar foundation for a gazebo with your own hands

Before proceeding with the construction of the foundation, it is necessary to determine the location of the gazebo on the site. It is good to stop your choice on the territory in the shade of trees or near a reservoir, if possible.

With the help of pegs and a rope, we mark out the platform for the foundation, remove the top layer of soil, make holes for the posts in the marked places. At the bottom of the pits, it is necessary to pour a layer of sand about 15 cm, then we lay a piece of roofing material as a waterproofing for concrete. At the bottom of the pit, it is desirable to pour fine gravel and pour a layer of concrete, after the concrete has set, columns of bricks are laid out on the cement mortar. Each subsequent row of bricks is placed perpendicular to the previous one. The height of all columns should be the same, since the base of the gazebo will be installed on them. After completing all the planned columns and solidifying the cement mortar, you can proceed to the construction of the gazebo itself.

Instead of bricks, you can use asbestos-cement or metal pipes, or cast posts under the concrete foundation. In the case of using asbestos-cement pipes, they are installed on a concrete pad, several reinforcement bars are inserted inside and a concrete solution is poured. If the posts are not fixed with concrete, in winter, after the ground freezes, they may burst due to moisture frozen inside.

If metal pipes are used as supports, it is necessary to take care of the anti-corrosion protection of the metal before installing them, treat them with special compounds and paint them.

If you just decide to cast columns under the concrete foundation, it is imperative to install reinforcement inside the cast concrete pillars so that they do not lose strength and fall apart over time.

In what cases is a pile foundation chosen?

Installing a pile foundation is a rather laborious process, and you should not use it unless necessary.

The pile foundation for the gazebo is indispensable in the conditions of marshy soils, areas with a high occurrence of groundwater, on unstable soils with a large freezing depth. Such a foundation has a number of advantages over the rest.

It can be installed at any time of the year and in a fairly short time - within one or two days. In addition, metal piles are strong enough, on such a basis you can build not only a solid stable gazebo, but also a whole residential building. There is no need to provide additional waterproofing, since the metal will not allow groundwater to pass to the base of the gazebo. In addition, it is possible to raise the building above ground level and thereby avoid seasonal flooding of the structure.

Piles can be screwed using special equipment, or a team of several people can be involved for this. The process of manually screwing in is quite laborious, in addition, it is necessary to ensure that the piles enter the ground strictly vertically. But in conditions of swampy terrain or increased seismic hazard, this option will be the most acceptable.

Foundation for brick and stone arbors

Solid pavilions made of brick and stone, closed from winds and rains, with observation decks on the roof and other delights, have become not rare these days. Such massive buildings require a solid and stable foundation. A good choice would be to perform a strip or slab foundation.

The strip foundation for the gazebo is carried out in the same way as for the construction of houses. A place is marked for the future construction, a ditch is dug along the perimeter of the site along the width of the proposed base, the depth is determined by the depth of soil freezing. A layer of sand is poured inside the moat, waterproofing from roofing felt or film is laid. Then, along the perimeter of the site, formwork is made of wooden boards, to ensure the strength of the structure, reinforcement is placed inside the formwork. Then we pour the concrete mortar and wait for complete solidification, usually it takes several days. After the solution has completely solidified, the formwork is removed, and further construction work can begin.

In the case of a slab foundation, the technology of work is similar to the tape version, but not the perimeter of the base is poured, but the entire site for the building. You will have to remove a layer of soil over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe future building, then make a sandy base, lay out a layer of waterproofing over the entire base of the pit, and then pour continuous layer concrete. Previously, reinforcement must be installed in the dug pit over the entire surface so that the concrete cushion has the necessary strength.

This version of the foundation will be financially much more expensive than previous buildings, and also quite laborious in execution. But on the other hand, it will perfectly withstand any load, and can also be used without problems on any type of soil and in any climatic conditions.

Columnar foundation of a gazebo with a wooden grillage

The variety of construction of arbors is endless: from capital brick structures with a designated barbecue area to light sheds.

Mostly selected options are made of durable wooden or brick materials. Such gazebos are durable and affordable. You can install ready-made barbecues in them or build them from bricks or metal plates.

When choosing a suitable option, it is necessary to be guided by the functions that the future gazebo should perform. Therefore, you need to decide on the choice of building material, the type and type of barbecue, the place where it will be located.

Gazebos for relaxation can be:

open/closed;
temporary / capital;
combined.

After solving fundamental issues, they begin to choose the type of foundation for a gazebo with barbecue facilities.

The most common type is a shallow foundation, designed for a light load. Such a choice is absolutely justified: most of these structures do not need a recessed base due to their low weight.

Methods for erecting bases for gazebos with barbecue

When building a gazebo, follow the same rules as when building an ordinary residential building. Accordingly, the choice must be made based on the type of proposed design.

Base type selection

Pillar foundation - a shallow foundation device that is suitable for non-rocky soils: rocky or sandy-rocky.
Pile - for wetlands characterized by a high degree swelling and deformation.
The slab foundation for a gazebo with a barbecue is suitable for all types of soil. This floating gazebo foundation with a drainage system is especially justified in soil conditions with a high content of groundwater.

All of the listed technologies for arbors are slightly different from the standard bases for large buildings.

The characteristics and features of each of the proposed base options will be discussed below.

columnar base

This is the best option for arranging the base of arbors made of wood and metal. In the process of execution, it is necessary to make vertical bearing supports, where the grillage is the upper part of the wooden structure or the lowest beam of the metal frame.

Work progress

Installation of supports

A concrete slab is covered with a mortar of one part cement and four parts sand, and two bricks are placed on top of it in parallel.

The remaining rows of masonry are performed as standard, but perpendicular to each other. The usual height of a brick pillar is about 35 centimeters.

After all the pillars are laid out, the beams are installed. Then the walls, roof and floor are erected.

pile foundation

This type is suitable for building structures on loose soil with deep freezing. Wooden or metal arbors are considered the most successful designs: beam structures do not require a grillage device.

The cheapest supports are applicable here: screw (from steel or casing pipe) or bored (from sewer asbestos pipes).

Pile foundation installation. Work progress:

perimeter marking, clearing of the vegetation layer;
drilling wells for pipe supports / or screw piles (0.5 meters);
backfilling wells with crushed stone, tamping and filling wells with concrete mortar with a layer of up to 15 cm;
immersion of asbestos pipes into the hole, the screw elements are simply screwed in to the required depth;
several reinforcing rods are lowered inside the pipes, which are poured with a solution of concrete or a cement-sand composition with crushed stone.

Strengthening the supports is a mandatory step. The ends of the pipes must be well concreted. This will prevent moisture from getting inside and causing pipe ruptures during frost.

After the completion of the reinforcement and pouring of the supports, the first beam is laid and the horizontal and vertical elements are fixed to the clamps.

Slab base for gazebos with barbecue

The construction of such a foundation is a costly foundation for a gazebo with your own hands. It requires large financial and physical costs. But there is also its indisputable advantage - it is suitable for the construction of heavy and massive brick structures with a barbecue grill.

Work progress:

marking and cleaning of the construction site;
along the marked perimeter of the base, a pit is dug to a depth of 40 to 50 cm;
the inner side of the pit is equal, the formwork is installed along the perimeter of the foundation being laid;
a pillow is arranged under the base to protect against heaving: the bottom is covered with a layer of sand (15 cm), then a similar layer of rubble;
waterproofing material (roofing material or polyethylene) is laid out, the ends are fixed to the inner walls of the formwork;
to isolate the roofing material with reinforcement, crushed stone is added by 5 centimeters;
from rods with a diameter of 10 mm. a reinforcing frame is assembled in the form of a lattice with cells of 20 x 20 cm, the rods must be tied up;
a 30 cm layer of fixing solution is poured (concrete or a mixture of sand and cement).

After hardening of the plate, a reliable foundation for a gazebo with a barbecue is obtained. However, in terms of financial costs, it is quite expensive compared to other types of bases.

From the experience of a builder: how to make a foundation for a light wooden gazebo

The goal set by the customer is to lay the foundation for a finished summer tea arbor made of carved wood.

Choosing the type of foundation

For a light wooden structure, a strip foundation will be made for the gazebo around the entire perimeter of the building. Separate concrete supports will be poured under the flooring that goes beyond the boundaries of the gazebo.

Work progress

To build a foundation for a gazebo, pits are dug 50 centimeters deep. In order to prevent seasonal deformation of the soil, a mixture of sand and gravel is poured to the bottom and leveled.

According to the project, the gazebo should “hover” above the ground. Therefore, the foundation is made high.

Removable formwork is being constructed. For its device, wooden bars and sheets of 10 mm plywood are used. All elements are gradually fixed with self-tapping screws.

Reinforcement meshes are placed inside the formwork, structural details are tied together. The resulting formwork is filled with a mixture of sand, cement and gravel. For a small gazebo, 12 cubes of mortar will be required.

After the concrete has completely cured, the formwork is removed. So that over time, grass does not grow through the floor of the gazebo, the earth is lined with geofabric, and rubble is covered on top of it. Roofing material is used as waterproofing.

Before proceeding with the construction of the gazebo frame, all wooden elements are treated with a colorless primer. It penetrates deep into the structure of wood, and protects it from fungus, drying out and harmful insects. Logs are laid on a concrete base. These are beams of large section 20 x 20 cm. The beams are fixed with anchor bolts.

Before laying a board on the floor, a crate is made.

Even at the design stage of a summer building, special attention should be paid to the type of foundation, because it plays a key role in the service life and reliability of the structure.

The best option for light-weight structures is the columnar type of foundation.

In addition to the gazebo, it is perfect for building a bathhouse, garage, pergola, terrace, gazebo, hozblok, frame house or timber structure.

Advantages and disadvantages

Thematic material:

construction strip foundation
We build a brick foundation for a gazebo

Among the main advantages it is worth highlighting:

Shortened terms of creation.
No need to deepen the foundation.
Such a foundation can be built manually in a couple of days, without involving third-party help and special equipment.
Economical consumption of materials.
No need for serious hydro or thermal insulation.
Inexpensive cost in comparison with other types of bases.

But the disadvantage of such a foundation is that it is suitable for structures with a volumetric weight of not more than 1000 kg / m3.

It is most often used under wooden, metal or brick arbors. In the latter case, a grillage is poured over the pillars (a solid tape of concrete).

It is not recommended to form a foundation of aerated concrete (gas blocks), silicate brick, cinder block. These types of raw materials do not tolerate high humidity, so the service life of a building with such a foundation will be only a few years. In the future, the pillars will begin to crack and will warp.

What material to choose?

To get a reliable base for the gazebo, you need to purchase the right type of material. These should include:

Brick. It will be the right solution on dry sandy soil, where groundwater is quite low. Brick racks have good bearing capacity, so they are suitable for any outbuildings. Their height will depend on the climatic features of the region (how much the soil freezes in winter) and the total size of the base indicated in the drawing. The service life can be up to 100 years.
FBS. Preparation and pouring of such a base takes no more than 2 days. The standard block size is 20x20x40 cm. To make it, you do not need to wait for the concrete solution to dry completely. You can continue working a day after filling it.
Wood. The preparation of such a foundation includes the mandatory treatment of logs with antiseptics and firing. However, due to the low bearing capacity, instability to the action of groundwater, this type of material is rarely used as the main one.
Monolithic concrete. For such a foundation, it is important to fasten the formwork from wooden boards, while fixing the reinforcement frame inside it and filling it with concrete. In order to extend the life of the structure for the base of this type, it is necessary to make a cushion of crushed stone with sand, which will compact the position of the supports and prevent them from being pushed out of the ground during severe frost, shrinkage of the gazebo.
Foam concrete. It gained wide popularity due to its low cost and speed of creation. However, the foundation of foam blocks requires special attention, since it is unstable to excessive moisture, like cinder block material. For him, you certainly need to create a reliable heat and waterproofing. The role of the latter is a pillow made of sand and gravel; roofing material with bituminous mastic is suitable for the outer part. It is not recommended to apply on heaving soil.
Asbestos pipes. You can build such a foundation quickly and cheaply. An excellent solution for loose, moving soil. The pipes are filled with a concrete solution and reinforced with wire rods with a diameter of not more than 12 mm.
Steel pipes. Pipes with a wall thickness of 4 mm and above are suitable for use. Before use, it should be coated with a primer for metal, which will protect against corrosion. Among all types of material, they have the highest bearing capacity. Such a foundation can easily withstand a gazebo with a massive stove, barbecue or barbecue.

An analogue of the latter type can be plastic pipes. In rare cases, natural stone can be used for the foundation, but laying it is a laborious process and takes a lot of time.

Carrying out calculations: the number of pillars, the depth of occurrence

An important value of the columnar foundation for the gazebo is its depth. It depends on the type of material, design parameters and soil properties in the cultivated area.

Depending on the indicator obtained, the basis is:

Unburied. The pillars are completely located on the surface of the soil. For reliability, the top layer of soil is removed under them, a pillow is made of sand and gravel.
Shallow. The depth of the supports is 35–75 cm from the soil level.
Recessed. The pillars are installed in such a way that their depth is below the freezing of the soil (from 2 m and more).

In some cases, the depth of the foundation in different places of the site may differ, then the maximum depth figure is taken as the basis.

The number of supports is determined by the parameters: the size and weight of the gazebo.

Without fail, the pillars are placed under the supporting beams, in the corners, in the center, at the intersection of the walls, under the stove (if any).

The accuracy of the calculations will ensure the use of the computer program "Foundation" or its analogues. Therefore, for work, you should prepare the following data in advance:

location of the structure;
the depth of the pillars;
approximate weight of the building, including decorative elements;
type and features of the soil;
groundwater depth;
the level of soil freezing;
temperature indicators in winter;
total weight of the foundation;
possible climatic load (wind speed, snow volume).

The result of the calculations will be the determination of the bearing capacity, size, cross-sectional area, the required number of pillars.

Construction company prices

The price range in different cities can vary significantly. So, for 1 m3 of a columnar foundation in Moscow, you will have to pay from 25 thousand rubles. And that's assuming the ground is level. If the depth of the pillars is different, then the cost of 1 m3 will immediately double. In Kyiv, the pouring of this type of base will be from 3000 hryvnia per 1 m3.

Step-by-step instructions for creating a foundation with your own hands

For self-construction of a columnar foundation, you need to prepare the necessary materials in advance. Among them:

sand,
rubble,
brick,
rebar,
wooden boards, formwork bars,
anchors, brackets,
concrete,
ruberoid.

The site is cleared of debris, vegetation. Level the surface. Further, the order of work is as follows:

Places for supports are being marked.
At the corners of the future structure, pits are dug for pillars, 50-70 cm deep, walls 30-40 cm wide. The distance between them can vary from 1.5 to 2 m. It all depends on the size of the gazebo.
A layer of crushed stone is poured to the bottom, then sand with a height of 20 cm.
A piece of roofing material is laid on top.
Concrete is poured at a level of 10 cm.
The mixture should be allowed a couple of days to solidify.
Laying begins. 2 bricks are laid side by side on a layer of cement mortar. A solution is again applied on top of them and a new pair of bricks is laid perpendicular to the first.

The average post height should be up to 50 cm above the ground. For a building measuring 3x3, 4x5 meters, 4-6 pillars will be enough.

After the masonry of the pillars is completed, the first crown is attached and the creation of the main part of the structure begins.

Thus, with a little effort, you can build a foundation for a do-it-yourself building, the quality and reliability of which will leave no doubt and save you money.

Source: //BesedkiBest.ru/osnovanie/stolbchatyy-fundament-dlya-besedki.html

How to make a foundation for a gazebo with your own hands - detailed instructions

The gazebo is not a complex structure; with minimal skills in construction, you can make it yourself. The first stage in the installation is the base - we will dwell on it in the framework of the article. You will learn how to make the foundation for the gazebo with your own hands.

Do I need to make a foundation for the gazebo?

Among novice builders, the question is common: is it necessary to fill the foundation for the gazebo? After all, the design is light in weight and will do without such a foundation. Can it be enough to clear the site, and then put the necessary supports or immediately lay the walls?

Not so simple. A tree, for example, does not like contact with a damp and damp surface, from which it begins to deteriorate. The foundation will act as an intermediate element. By making a concrete platform for the gazebo, you will eliminate the possibility of flooding: the structure will turn out to be more stable and durable.

How to make a foundation for a gazebo correctly consider below.

What foundation to choose for the gazebo

Before starting work at the design stage, decide which foundation to choose for the gazebo. Consider these factors:

characteristic features of the soil and its type;
ground water level;
design indicators of the load on the base;
bookmark depth.

Let's introduce conventions for foundation types:

Tape = L
Columnar = C
Monolithic = M
Block = B

Soil type Foundation load (kg/m2)Suitable foundationGround water up to 2 m Ground water over 2 m

Coarse-clastic, rocky and semi-rocky soil from the surface to a depth of 2-3m	up to 40 kg/m2	FROM	L
over 40 kg/m2	L	L
Sandy soils (dense and medium density) with a thickness of 5-6 m	up to 40 kg/m2	FROM	FROM
up to 120 kg/m2	L	L
over 120 kg/m2	L	L
Clay soil (plasticity up to 0.5) with layers of dusty and fine sand up to 5 m thick to a depth of 5-6 m	up to 30 kg/m2	FROM	FROM
up to 120 kg/m2	L	L
over 120 kg/m2	B, P	L
Clay soil with a plasticity of more than 0.6 with sands (silty, fine), loose to a depth of 5-6m	up to 100 kg/m2	L	L
over 100 kg/m2	B, P	L
Clay soil with a plasticity of more than 0.75 to a depth of 2-4m	up to 80 kg/m2	L	L
over 80 kg/m2	B, P	L

The foundation for the gazebo of tires

If you have a small budget, but you want to make a foundation with your own hands for a gazebo and save as much as possible, we recommend a great option - to make it from car tires. Tires are suitable for the construction of both columnar and strip bases.

Among the main benefits the foundation of the tires for the gazebo:

low cost;
durability;
uniform load distribution in the structure;
good waterproofing;
lack of special skills for construction.

Tire strip foundation

When building a strip base, adhere to the following principle.

Make a markup of your site for a future gazebo. Using pegs, mark the boundaries;

Dig deepenings 40-50 cm high along the perimeter of the building;

Lay the tires in one layer around the perimeter. After on top of the first layer, make a second;

If you are making a foundation for a do-it-yourself tire gazebo on a slope, your structure should still be level. Add more than two levels of tires on one side for alignment

We fill the void between the layers with sand or gravel. We fall asleep a layer of rubble over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe site for leveling;

Pillar foundation made of tires

If you want to make a columnar foundation for a gazebo with your own hands from tires, then it will differ from the first one in some steps:

After marking, a recess is not dug, but tires are immediately placed along the edges of the structure. Sand, earth or gravel are poured inside and around.

Tires are waterproofed on the sides.

We fix the cross beams. To do this, cut special holes for fastening in all beams. After the beams have become in the grooves, they are fixed with self-tapping screws for greater strength.

Arbor on screw piles

If your site has a high moisture content or swampy soil, screw piles will work best. It is based on screwing screw piles of a certain diameter into the ground. Construction requires good physical strength and a minimum of technical skills, so you can make a gazebo on stilts with your own hands.

Piles with a diameter of 89 or 108 mm are suitable for the gazebo.

The place is prepared and then marked.

The first pile is screwed at the end of one side. When screwing in, the soil is not loosened, but compacted.

The required distance is measured and the second pile is screwed. The distance is measured from the third to the other two and diagonally. The remaining longitudinal and transverse piles are screwed;

We check that all piles are completely twisted. We cut at one horizontal level so that there is a distance of 40-55 cm between the end and the surface (optional).

We concrete piles. To do this, pour concrete mortar to the brim inside it and around the perimeter. This will give greater structural strength;

We weld a cap to the upper ends of the piles, in this case 15x15;

We make wooden or metal strapping. Three ways of metal strapping in the photo below.

Advantages:

the foundation of the gazebo on screw piles optimally distributes the load of the structure;
a pile foundation is also being built in a swampy area;
differs in durability and durability;
the possibility of dismantling and installation in a new place;
minimum time is required to proceed from the plan-project to construction.

Pillar foundation for a gazebo

The columnar foundation is suitable for a gazebo of small or medium sizes. To make a foundation for a gazebo with your own hands, follow the instructions below.

We clear the place. We mark the site according to your plan and dig holes for 60 cm posts (shallow columnar). At the bottom we lay a sand and gravel pillow, height 10 cm.

We make a form for a concrete column. We take a sheet of roofing material, fold it in a circle and fix it with wire. We put it in a hole

Inside the form we place a reinforcing cage with a pipe section of 12mm, we lay it as in this photo of the project.

We install the formwork and fill the pillars with concrete mix.

After the concrete has hardened, we remove the roofing material and formwork

pros:

high speed of erection;
cheaper than tape and monolithic bases;
the possibility of building on frozen soils;
ease of erection ;
service life - 80-100 years.

Columnar bases have a big drawback - they cannot be used on moving ground. With the right approach and systematic work, there will be no questions about how to make and fill the columns of such a foundation.

Foundation for a gazebo made of concrete blocks

The foundation for a gazebo with your own hands from blocks is a good help for those who have old concrete blocks lying around on the site. To build, follow the following sequence:

Prepare the site and mark it. Mark with steel bars and rope the borders and lines of the gazebo.

Dig small holes for gravel, where concrete blocks will be installed under the gazebo.

We fill the previously dug holes with gravel and tamp.

We install concrete blocks on the eye under one level. Blocks are inexpensive, so they are suitable for a budget version of the foundation. The main thing is not to put more than three pieces on top of each other - the design will turn out to be unstable.

Use a level attached to a wooden block: trim the height of the blocks by removing or adding rubble.

When the base is ready and the level is level, proceed to further work for the construction of a gazebo.

Advantages:

durability and water resistance;
long preliminary preparation and concreting is not required;

Flaws:

the site should be as flat as possible;
use is limited to hard ground.

Strip foundation for a gazebo

The tape type foundation is a strip of reinforced concrete that is poured around the entire perimeter of the structure. Used for heavy structures. As for the gazebo, this type of base will withstand any type of frame. You can not be afraid to build additional buildings inside, such as a barbecue, or put heavy furniture and cabinets.

To build, study the following steps.

Marking the site with a thread and pegs. Usually country arbors do not make more than 6x6 meters. But everything must be done according to your project.

We dig a trench 40 cm deep. Width from 25 to 35 cm.

We make formwork and lay it with F12 reinforcement. Elevation above the ground up to 30 cm.

We pour concrete M250 and wait for drying - about 4-5 weeks.

Advantages:

high bearing capacity;
the possibility of pouring on dry sands;
suitable for the construction of gazebos made of brick, timber and stone.

Flaws:

one of the most labor-intensive types of foundation.

Foundation made of plastic pipes

If you have decided that only a columnar foundation is suitable for your building, but the budget is less than expected, we recommend using a more simplified option and making plastic pipe poles:

Preparation and marking of the site for the foundation.

We dig holes for each of the pillars by 60 cm and install plastic pipes with a diameter of 110 mm, not forgetting to first make a gravel-sand cushion at the bottom of the hole.

We install a vertical frame of reinforcement.

Pouring concrete solution.

Slab foundation for a gazebo

The slab for the gazebo is installed on unstable soil and is designed for structures made of wood and brick. If you want to build this type of foundation for a gazebo with your own hands, read the instructions:

Clear the area and mark it out with stakes and string.

Dig a pit 30 cm deep;

Lay a layer of sand 10 centimeters thick and crushed stone 10 cm. Next, we make the formwork;

We put a reinforcing mesh.

pouring concrete;

We remove the formwork in a week.

As a result, the foundation should protrude 10-15 cm above the soil level

Choosing a foundation depending on the type of gazebo

It is important to understand which types of structures are recommended for which bases. Next, we will dwell on this issue in more detail.

Foundation for a gazebo made of bricks

The foundation for brick gazebos in the country must be solid, it must withstand serious loads. To build such buildings, use strip or slab foundation.

With regard to the depth of the foundation, the best option considered 30 cm.

Pillars for gazebos made of wood

If you decide to build a wooden gazebo on your site, take the base column type, or from concrete blocks. For it, bearing supports of a vertical arrangement are used. Rostverkom is the first row of the gazebo.

With a wooden gazebo design, some nuances are taken into account. Initially, on a concrete slab, it is necessary to lay bricks directly parallel to each other on a special mortar. The next step is the laying of bricks in a checkerboard pattern, on a cement mortar. All this is repeated until the required height is obtained.

For gazebos made of polycarbonate and corrugated pipes

Suitable for a polycarbonate gazebo with a profiled pipe frame columnar foundation. Holes are dug 70 cm deep according to the number of supports, and then reinforcement 12-16 mm is inserted into them.

The next step is laying roofing material and cushions of crushed stone and sand on the bottom. After we fill it with concrete and install a mortgage of 10 mm steel on top. We fix the mortgage with M12x150 anchors.

We weld the support to the mortgage and cook 4 scarves in the corners for stability.

Conclusion

In conclusion conclusions:

For massive structures from brick and rooms that contain a barbecue and a lot of furniture, suitable monolithic or tape base;
For lightweight structures where there are several chairs/sofa and a table will do pile foundation, columnar and from tires.

We hope that our advice on choosing the optimal foundation was useful to you. Good luck building and have fun!

Source: //tvoidvor.com/besedki/fundament-dlya-besedki/

Do-it-yourself foundation for a gazebo: step by step instructions

In many cases, a foundation located at a shallow depth is used as the basis for the gazebo. It is not designed for heavy loads. This approach is fully justified.

For the construction of small architectural forms, excessive strength and a deep foundation are not needed. We will try to answer the question of how to build a foundation for a gazebo with your own hands at minimal cost and at the same time get a reliable foundation.

When is foundation needed?

Before we start choosing the type of foundation, we should understand in which cases it cannot be dispensed with.

The following situations can be distinguished when the use of the foundation is justified:

Groundwater is near the surface of the earth;
For the construction of the structure, heavy building materials are used;
Construction will be carried out in an inclined plane.

Preparation for construction

Before starting construction, it is necessary to determine the place where the structure will be erected. It should not be located too far from the house. At the same time, you need to make sure that smoke does not enter your home.

If there is a small pond or a cluster of trees on the site, you can place the structure in such a place.

When you decide on a place, you can begin to build a foundation. Before that, you need to schematically draw a model of the future building. With the project in front of your eyes, it will be easier to imagine the money and labor costs.

You can choose the shape of the gazebo and the type of base, guided solely by your preferences.

What base can be used

The base of the gazebo must meet the same requirements that apply to the foundations of residential buildings.

You can use the following options:

Pillar construction. It is located at a shallow depth. It is used if the soil has a non-porous structure;
Pile device. It is used in boggy soil, in areas with a high probability of soil deformation;
Slab base. Has versatility. It can be used in almost any type of soil. It is most advisable to use in areas where there is a high level of groundwater;
Tape basis. It is used not so often, mainly for heavy construction.

Watch the video to get acquainted with the construction of the tape base:

Of course, building a foundation for a gazebo with your own hands will be slightly different from building a foundation for a capital structure. Consider how these technologies will be used in the construction of small structures.

Application of a columnar structure

Such a device is ideal for a wooden gazebo. In this case, the main thing is to take care of the construction of vertical bearing supports. In the role of a grillage, you can use the initial crown of a wooden structure.

Operations are performed in the following sequence:
We mark the site of the future construction;
We excavate the primary layer of soil;
Roem pits for supporting pillars;
Pour a small amount of sand into the pits;
Roofing material is laid on top of the shock-absorbing pillow;
A concrete slab is poured onto the roofing material. It will serve as the sole of the future pillar;
After the concrete mortar has partially set, the vertical column is laid.

A bonding solution is applied to the sole. Bricks are laid on it. They must be parallel. Next, apply the next portion of the mortar and lay the bricks perpendicular to the first layer.

This continues until the column reaches the required height. After the construction of all the pillars is completed, the installation of the first crowns is carried out.

Watch the video to get acquainted with the procedure for erecting a columnar base and a gazebo on it:

Using a pile foundation

Pile structures can be erected on unstable soils and in areas characterized by a large depth of soil freezing. Moreover, such structures will go well with wooden or metal gazebos.

During installation, the following operations should be performed:

Mark and clean the construction site from a layer of fertile soil;
In the marked corners, drill holes for asbestos-cement supports;
Crushed stone is poured into prepared wells and rammed. Next, concrete is poured;
An asbestos pipe is inserted into the hole;
The pipe is reinforced with steel bars and filled with concrete. This step cannot be skipped. Otherwise, after the penetration of water into the pipe and the onset of frost, it may break;
At the last stage, the first crown of the gazebo is laid.

Slab base construction

When deciding which foundation to choose for a gazebo with your own hands, you should consider a slab structure. Its construction will require significant physical and material costs, but the result will exceed your expectations.

Such a structure is able to hold not only a light structure, but also a massive structure made of brick or concrete.

During the construction process, you will need to perform the following operations:

Perform marking and cleaning of the construction site;
Dig a pit with a depth of 0.5 m;
Make formwork. It must encircle the whole foundation;
Lay sand and small gravel in the pit to protect the foundation from deformation;
Put roofing material on the pillow. Its ends must be fixed inside the formwork;

A crushed stone layer is poured on top of the roofing material. It will protect the surface of the waterproofing from contact with reinforcing bars;
Next, a frame is constructed from reinforcement. For its assembly, 10 mm rods are used. They are connected in a lattice having cells of a certain size;
At the final stage, the formwork is poured with concrete mortar or a cement-sand mixture. Concrete should rise above the ground.

After the base hardens, any type of gazebo can be built on top of the resulting structure. It can be wood or stone. Such a foundation is able to withstand fairly large loads.

The cost of such a structure will be much higher than a columnar or pile structure, therefore, during the construction of gazebos this technology used very rarely.

Probably, not a single suburban area is complete without at least a small gazebo, since on summer evenings it becomes simply indispensable for outdoor recreation. If the gazebo has not yet been built, but it is only planned to build it, then the design begins with choosing a foundation for it.

It is not so difficult to build a foundation for a gazebo with my own hands, the main thing is to choose the appropriate option, since there are several types of such a foundation for further construction. - this is a light adjoining building, therefore, even if its lower part is laid out of brick, the foundation for it should not be made deep and with a complex structure. One person can easily cope with this work, no matter what kind of foundation is chosen.

In order for the structure to be erected to stand firmly, without deformation, it is necessary to take into account the features of the soil layers and the depth of the passage of groundwater in the area allotted for construction. Clay soil is considered to be the most problematic for foundation construction, not without reason, since with a sharp drop in temperature, its uneven swelling often occurs, which, of course, leads to deformation of the foundation. As a result of the skew of the base, walls, doors suffer, and if there is still glazing, then cracks may appear there.

The most optimal the soil for building a foundation for a gazebo is sandy and rocky. In such soils, it is not necessary to make a deep pit - it is quite enough if it lies only 500 ÷ 400 mm.

Foundation types

There are several types of foundations, and any of them is quite suitable for a gazebo. They differ in their design and the amount of materials needed for its construction. To know what they are, you need to consider each of them closer.

Column Foundation

The columnar foundation consists of square or round pillars buried in the ground at a certain distance from each other - this step depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe future gazebo. The depth of the foundation is calculated taking into account the characteristics of the soil and the characteristics of the material from which the structure will be built. For example, wooden light arbors will simply not have a serious weight effect on the foundation, so it does not need to be made very massive.

The foundation columns are cast from concrete using reinforcement, laid out from bricks, or these materials are combined, that is, the underground part of the support is made monolithic from reinforced concrete, and the above-ground part is made in the form of brickwork.

On a columnar foundation, you can install a wooden or brick gazebo structure, but for the latter you will have to additionally combine the pillars with a concrete belt. For concrete strapping, you will have to make formwork from boards, but this task will be feasible for one master, especially if the size of the gazebo is not too large.

Strip foundation

The tape version of the foundation is more complex in its design and will require much more labor for its construction, and material resources for the purchase of materials. This base is perfect for building a gazebo from any material - both wood and brick. If it is planned to build the lower part of the walls from stone or brick, then it is better to choose this type of foundation, since the finished necessary concrete belt will already be included in the design of the gazebo.

To create a strip foundation, a trench is dug - its average depth should be about 500 mm. The trench is framed by a formwork into which a reinforcing structure made of metal rods will be installed. Then concrete is poured, and after the belt hardens ( about, in a month) the walls of the gazebo made of brick or stone are laid on it (or the construction of a different, lighter structure).

How to carry out the arrangement work in accordance with all the rules, and what materials will be required for this, can be found in the corresponding article of the portal by clicking on the link.

In addition, be sure to read about and why it is produced.

Monolithic foundation

A monolithic foundation is mainly arranged for "solid", massive buildings, since it is designed for a large load. However, we must not forget that there are two types of such a foundation - deep and shallow. Just the second option - perfect for installing a gazebo, that is. a concrete platform will be equipped, on which it will be possible to install a light wooden or brick structure without any problems. Moreover, in the future building, the foundation for the installation of any type of floor is already ready!

Monolithic foundation - the foundation for the floor is already ready for the future building

Work on the installation of a monolithic platform is quite laborious, and it is better to carry them out with assistants. This is especially true for the stage of manufacturing and pouring concrete into the formwork, as it is recommended to carry out this process in one go.

This type of foundation can be called universal, because it is suitable for installation on any type of soil. Due to the fact that the monolithic slab has a large bearing area, the load on the soil is reduced and the risk of structural deformation during soil subsidence is reduced. This provides reliability for the building that will be built on it.

In order for the monolithic foundation to withstand the loads that will be created from the building placed on it, it is recommended to reinforce it, even if it is intended for the installation of a light gazebo.

For the installation of the gazebo, 250 ÷ 300 mm of the thickness of the reinforced monolithic slab is sufficient, which will be buried in the ground by 150 ÷ 200 mm, and, therefore, rise above the surface by 100 ÷ 120 mm.

It is advisable to erect a gazebo on a somewhat elevated site so that during rain water does not actively soak into the soil around the foundation slab and does not wash away the layers of backfill. And it’s even better to make additional drainage around the entire perimeter of the foundation.

Works on the construction of a monolithic foundation

The process of arranging any foundation begins with marking and tracing allotted platforms for him. For this purpose, thin rope, a square for drawing even corners, and if the foundation is round, then an impromptu compass, as well as wooden pegs or pieces of reinforcement. These elements are installed along the perimeter of the marked area. And, of course, measuring tools will be needed, such as a tape measure and a folding ruler.

The marking of a rectangular foundation begins with determining the location of the first corner and installing a starting peg in it. At the same time, the future object is tied to the stationary points indicated on the site plan.
Focusing on this starting point, the remaining corners of the foundation are marked and measured. The evenness of a rectangle is determined by measuring its diagonals - their length must exactly match.

The next step is removed from the marked area fertile layer soil by 100 ÷ 120 mm.

Then the pit is deepened to 200 ÷ 250 mm - this space is necessary for filling sand and gravel. Each of the layers should be 50-70 mm thick and well compacted. Compaction is carried out with a manual rammer or roller.

The next step will be the installation of the boards. Its height should be equal to the planned height of the foundation. The gaps between the boards can be tightened with plastic wrap.

Then, the entire enclosed space is filled to the brim with concrete mortar, the freshly poured surface is leveled.

... and then - pouring with concrete mortar ...

To do this, you will need to acquire a concrete mixer, or you will have to order a ready-made cement mortar from an organization that manufactures and delivers it.

… and leveling the surface

Leveling of concrete is usually carried out using a flat board, which will play the role of a rule.

After that, the structure is left to dry and set the grade strength of concrete. In order for this process to take place evenly, it is recommended to cover the surface with plastic wrap.
When the foundation reaches preliminary readiness (and this is in summer, in warm weather, it will happen no earlier than in 7 ÷ 10 days), the formwork is removed. It is recommended to cover the edges of the resulting slab - it can be bitumen or liquid rubber, and then backfill with crushed stone around its entire perimeter.

After the installation of the gazebo is completed, it will not be difficult to finish the concrete floor in it with one of the decorative coatings - ceramic tiles, wood flooring, garden parquet or other material.

A monolithic foundation can easily withstand not only the structure of the gazebo itself, but also if it is planned in it.

Prices for popular models of concrete mixers

concrete mixers

Pile screw foundation

An increasing number of developers in the construction of certain structures are choosing, which has a lot of advantages over the usual concrete structures. Visually, such a foundation will make the gazebo easier and more aesthetic. The installation of such a base can take, with the coherence of work, only one day, and it will practically not require t ore-intensive preparatory operations.

Pile-screw foundation - quickly and reliably!

However, the main advantage of this design can be called the fact that it is well suited for a site that has an uneven, rugged surface or a significant difference in height. Under such conditions, a pile-screw foundation becomes the optimal solution for the construction of all buildings on a suburban area - from a residential building to gazebos and sheds.

For light buildings, which include gazebos, I most often use piles with the designation SVS-57, SVS-76, SVS-89. The number in the marking indicates the diameter of the shaft, that is, the pipe on which the propeller blades are welded to screw the support into the ground. There are piles with a large diameter of the trunk, but they are most often used for the construction of massive buildings that require support points with a larger area. For example, they are used for wooden houses built from logs or timber.

Screw piles can be easily brought to the same level by screwing them into the ground to the same depth. Their above-ground part may have different heights, but the metal soles must be measured according to the level. This is easy to achieve with metal cutting and welding technologies.

So, the following features of the pile-screw foundation can be called significant advantages of this design:

Its installation can be carried out in just one day. Piles are screwed along the perimeter of the site marked and prepared for the construction. The preparation process itself is simple, it can be done manually quite quickly.
When constructing this design, it is not necessary to dig a pit, which means that order will be maintained on the site, despite the construction.
The reliability of this foundation, subject to a high-quality device, in compliance with the technology, has been tested over the years. It can easily last for decades.
If the gazebo is built from lumber, then after installation on piles, the structural details will not have direct contact with the ground, which means they will be protected from damage by moisture.
Since the piles are buried below the freezing level of the soil, the gazebo will stand firmly and will not warp even through long time active use.
A gazebo with such a pile-screw foundation can be erected anywhere on the site - on a hill, above a stream, and even on the banks of a river or lake.
Building a gazebo on a pile foundation will be much cheaper than on a concrete base.

The only costly process in this case will be the involvement of specialized equipment. However, if the work is carried out manually, then they will cost a minimum amount compared to other types of construction.

Installation of a pile-screw foundation

Most often, to build a gazebo, you will not need to install a screw foundation at too great a depth. As a rule, this will be a shallow structure, since the structure is usually built of wood, that is, it is not too heavy.

The installation of a pile-screw foundation also begins with the preparation of the site. It is marked up (in the same way as in the case of a monolithic foundation), that is, the shape and location the gazebo itself, and then - the exact places of screwing the piles - they are marked with pegs.
Then, it is recommended to clear the site from the upper fertile layer - this is done in order to prevent unwanted vegetation from appearing under the gazebo.
Further, screw piles are screwed in the marked areas. The depth of their immersion depends on the depth of the layers of solid soil, since only it will be capable of high-quality retention of the screw in a given position.

This parameter must be calculated in advance in order to know what length of pile to purchase. Such information is usually easy to obtain from local construction or architectural organizations.

Independently, alone, screwing the piles will not work. At least one assistant will be needed, since screwing into the ground occurs with the help of two long levers.

After the piles are screwed in, on the site freed from the fertile layer, sand is filled up, moistened and compacted with a layer of 50 ÷ 70 mm thick, and on top of it - a layer of crushed stone of the same thickness. This embankment will not only prevent weeds from germinating, but will also become a kind of drainage system around the foundation pillars.
If the piles do not have metal soleplates on top, after installing all the foundation elements, the corresponding markings of the general horizontal level are made at the desired height. As necessary, the screwed piles are cut off or, conversely, built up, and then the soles are welded on top. Most often they are a square of a sheet of metal with a thickness of 4 ÷ 5 mm.

Holes are pre-drilled on metal plates through which fasteners connecting will pass.

Tying screw piles with wooden beams - the basis for further construction

Before laying the wooden beams of the strapping, the soles are covered with roofing material (usually in two ÷ three layers).

Video: an example of building a gazebo on a pile-screw foundation

The foundation for a light adjoining building is easy to install. The main thing is to have the desire to start the process with construction. Once a start has been made, the work will move quickly. Having learned the designs of different options for the foundation, you can choose one that seems easier to install, which is optimal for both the amount of work and the cost of funds.