Every army needs capable soldiers. Naturally, they must be able to shoot, and at the same time also hit the target. In order for the exercises to be effective, it is necessary to combine theory and practical exercises. To help the instructor and soldiers, there is such a wonderful thing as instruction on shooting business. This instruction, compiled for any weapon that was released in the USSR and Russia, allows you to independently study the technique and better understand the mentor. The fact that these manuals were compiled and published in 1970, of great importance does not have. They are relevant today for those who need to study shooting to perfection.

What is shooting instruction

These instructions are an official document compiled by specialists from the Ministry of Defense. Collections of instructions published in various formats - it's like general provisions, and instructions for each type of weapon separately. They contain basic information on ballistics, the design of each type of weapon, the conditions for their use, maintenance and storage, shooting techniques and rules. With these instructions, you can thoroughly study the theory of shooting, learn how to assemble, disassemble and store personal weapons.

Before picking up a pistol, rifle or machine gun, it is necessary to study the shooting manual in terms of information on internal and external ballistics, dispersion of bullets during shooting and the reality of shooting. This will help to understand which weapon is best used for given specific conditions and purposes.

Purpose and combat properties

Each type of technical means used to destroy living and non-living targets has a specific purpose. Accordingly, it is necessary to know their properties. Only in this case, the goals set will be effectively implemented. For example, the manual on shooting (AKM) describes not only the design and principle of its operation. In this manual, it is described as a weapon from which you can fire from any convenient position - standing, lying down, kneeling, from a trench, a fortified firing point. In this case, it is not recommended to choose a position for firing on a hill. But in the manual for the Dragunov sniper rifle it is said that when firing from this weapon you can choose a point for firing both on a hill and in a trench.

Storage and care

In order for the weapon to be always ready for its intended use, it requires special care and storage. Cleaning of pistols or machine guns is carried out before and after shooting, and in case of irregular use - at least once a week. The same instruction on shooting (PM) recommends doing with a Makarov pistol.

Lubrication does not allow moisture to get on the metal parts of the weapon, which are prone to corrosion. Therefore, it is recommended to carry it out immediately after cleaning. The Shooting Manual recommends the use of gun grease and RFS solution. Before cleaning and oiling any weapon, it is necessary to prepare materials and accessories, then disassemble it.

Various directions are provided for the storage of instructions. Any weapon must be on safety when moving. In the places of permanent location of the military unit, certain places are allocated for storage. stored in a discharged form in a pyramid. The manual on shooting (SVD) provides a separate special compartment for storage optical sights in cases, magazines, accessories and bags. For carbines, a pyramid stand is used.

Inspection and preparation for shooting

Any weapon should be regularly inspected. This is done in order to exclude its inoperability in combat conditions: on duty, on guard, in battle. But for the Kalashnikov assault rifle, the instruction on small arms (AK) recommends conducting inspections even if it is not planned to use it in the near future. The same applies to the need to check the weapon for rust, dirt, scratches, dents for the timely replacement of parts and elements.

In order to prepare the weapon for firing, it is necessary to lubricate its metal parts, inspect it assembled and inspect the clips (magazines). If any defects or malfunctions are found, it must not be used.

General shooting rules

The manual on shooting also provides specific instructions for firing from each type of weapon. First of all, it is necessary to monitor the course of the battle. The target for defeat must be chosen in a timely manner, to hit it at the most convenient moment. It is necessary to monitor the results of the shooting and, if necessary, adjust the firing; check the availability of cartridges and ensure their timely replenishment.

Features of shooting from various types of weapons

Designed to destroy living targets. In order for shooting to be effective, it is necessary not only to correctly choose a place for firing, but also to determine the distance to the target. In addition, the SVD manual on shooting recommends taking into account weather conditions at a firing range of more than 500 meters.

The Kalashnikov assault rifle is used not so much to hit targets, but to contain the movement of enemy forces, since with increasing distance, the accuracy of the hit decreases. The Shooting Manual (AKM) describes in detail in what positions and how to fire when performing specific tasks.

Simonov's carbine is distinguished by high firing accuracy. And, although it has long been withdrawn from service with the army, it continues to be used for various purposes. Since the carbine does not have a shooting manual (SCS), it is recommended to observe targets with the naked eye or with binoculars. It also describes in detail the rules of aiming for various weather conditions and air temperature.

Sniper and - the most successful inventions

Instead of a conclusion, it makes sense to say a few words about this type of weapon. Sniper rifle Dragunov is unique in its way, despite various modifications and improvements. The shooting manuals written for her do not convey the full genius of this weapon. Moreover, it is still used in parts of the army. Russian Federation for special operations or combat.

For those who are interested in the career of a sniper, written back in 1970, the manual on shooting (SVD) will help you master rifle shooting in theoretical aspect. And the combination of instructor experience and theory can produce excellent results.

Simonov's self-loading carbine has long been removed from service. However, its varieties are still used today - as a hunting rifle. Despite the fact that it is considered obsolete, many accessories are sold in stores for it. At one time, some Asian countries bought a license for its production, but true connoisseurs of weapons prefer to buy Soviet-made SCS.

Name:
USSR Ministry of Defense
Publisher: Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR
Year: 1957
Pages: 83

PART ONE
AUTOMATIC DEVICE, HANDLING, CARE AND SAVING

Chapter I. General Information

Appointment and combat properties machine gun
The concept of the device and operation of the machine

Chapter II. Disassembly and assembly of the machine

Chapter III. Purpose, arrangement of parts and mechanisms of the machine, accessories and cartridges

Purpose, arrangement of parts and mechanisms of the machine
Belonging to the machine
7.62 mm live ammunition mod. 1943

Chapter IV. The work of parts and mechanisms of the machine

Position of parts and mechanisms before loading
The work of parts and mechanisms when loading
Operation of parts and mechanisms during firing

Chapter V

Chapter VI. Care of the machine, its storage and saving

General provisions
Cleaning and lubrication
Storage and conservation of the machine gun and cartridges

Chapter VII. Inspection of the machine gun and preparing it for firing

General provisions
The order of inspection of the machine by soldiers and sergeants
The procedure for inspecting the machine by officers
Accessory inspection
Inspection of live ammunition
Preparing the rifle for firing

Chapter VIII. Checking the combat of the machine gun and bringing it to a normal combat

General provisions
Combat check
Bringing to a normal fight
Faults that disrupt the normal combat of the machine

PART TWO
RECEPTIONS AND RULES OF SHOOTING FROM AUTOMATIC

Chapter IX. Automatic shooting techniques

General provisions
Ready to shoot from a standing position
Shooting production
Cessation of shooting
Shooting techniques from a stop and from behind cover
Shooting on the go
Ski shooting techniques
Shooting techniques while moving
Shooting techniques for air targets

Chapter X. Shooting Rules

General provisions
Battlefield surveillance and target designation
Choosing a place to shoot
Target selection
Determination of distances
Choice of scope and aiming point
Timing to open fire
Firing, monitoring its results and correcting
Shooting at stationary and emerging targets
Shooting at moving targets
Shooting at air targets
Shooting in the mountains
Shooting, in conditions of limited visibility
Shooting under the action of poisonous substances and military radioactive substances
Shooting while the shooter is moving.
Ammunition supply and consumption in battle

APPS:

1. Ballistic and structural data of the 7.62 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle and cartridge mod. 1943
2. Penetrating action of bullets of cartridges arr. 1943
3. Main table
4. Exceeding the average trajectories above the aiming line
5. Characteristics of dispersion of bullets when firing from a machine gun
6. Average number of rounds needed to hit a single open target with one bullet

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Shooting instruction

Shooting Manual (NSD)- the name of the instruction on the basics of shooting from small arms, the device, use and maintenance of specific samples of it, published by the Ministry of Defense, traditional for the Soviet and Russian Army. Manuals are an official document for training personnel in handling weapons. In addition to the actual small arms, "Instructions on small arms" were published on hand and easel grenade launchers and hand grenades, that is, samples that are not related to small arms.

Typical Structure of the Manual

Instructions are published for each model of weapons in the form of a separate book and in the form of collections of several samples. The instructions, published in the form of collections, include general section, which outlines the basics of internal and external ballistics and others general information necessary for fire training. Collections, as a rule, are intended for non-military training.

A small arms manual for a specific type of small arms usually includes the following parts and chapters (the sequence and titles may vary):

• Arrangement of a weapon sample, handling, care and conservation
  • General information
  • Disassembly and assembly
  • Purpose and arrangement of parts and mechanisms, accessories and ammunition
  • Work of parts and mechanisms
  • Delays in shooting and how to eliminate them
  • Weapon care, storage and conservation
  • Inspection and preparation for shooting
  • Bringing to a normal fight
• Techniques and rules of shooting
• Applications ( specifications weapons and ammunition, ballistic tables, ammunition consumption rates for hitting targets in various conditions, etc.)

Some NSD

• Shooting instruction. Gun shooting basics. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1970
• Shooting instructions. 4th edition, revised. - M., Military publishing house, 1987
• Manual on shooting (NSD-38). Self-loading rifle arr. 1940 - M., Military publishing house of the NPO of the USSR, 1940
• Shooting instruction. Hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher (RPG-7 and RPG-7D). Edition 2, supplemented. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1971
• Shooting instruction. hand grenades. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1987

Links

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

• Nassach (Main)
• Nastasovka

See what the "Manual on shooting" is in other dictionaries:

instruction- I; cf. 1. to Instruct to instruct (2.N.). 2. Instructive, moralizing advice; indication. Paternal n. Instructions of the teacher, commander. Bored of someone. with your instructions. Give instructions: where to go, who to see. 3. Leadership,… … encyclopedic Dictionary

instruction- I see instruct II II I; cf. 1) to instruct to instruct II 2) Instructive, moralizing advice; indication. Father's instruction / nie. Instructions of the teacher, commander ... Dictionary of many expressions

NSD- manual on shooting unauthorized access (e.g. to a database) unauthorized access ... Dictionary of abbreviations of the Russian language

Kalashnikov assault rifle- This term has other meanings, see Kalashnikov assault rifle (meanings). Kalashnikov assault rifle ... Wikipedia

7.62×39 mm- Soviet 7.62 mm cartridges: rifle, intermediate and pistol ... Wikipedia

AK-47- Kalashnikov assault rifle, AKM Kalashnikov assault rifle Type: Automatic Country: USSR ... Wikipedia

PTRS- Type: anti-tank rifle Country ... Wikipedia

Mosin rifle- Russian rifle of the 1891 model of the year Various modifications of the rifle and carbines Type ... Wikipedia

Submachine gun Sudayev- PPS 43 7.62 mm submachine gun of the Sudayev system Type: submachine gun Country ... Wikipedia

M16 rifle- Rifle, 5.56 mm, M16 From top to bottom: M16A1, M16A2, M4A1, M16A4 Type Assault rifle Place … Wikipedia

Books

• Manual on shooting 9-mm Makarov pistol (PM), F.K. Gavrikov. Manual on shooting 9-mm Makarov pistol (PM). The device of the gun, handling it, care and saving. Techniques and rules of shooting from a pistol. Reproduced in the original…

The name of the instruction on the basics of shooting from small arms, the device, use and maintenance of specific samples of it, published by the Ministry of Defense. Manuals are an official document for training personnel in handling weapons. In addition to the actual small arms, the “Instructions on Small Arms” were published on hand and easel grenade launchers and hand grenades, that is, samples not related to small arms.

Encyclopedic YouTube

1 / 3

Training in high-speed shooting from a machine gun at a moving AK target.

Alexander Petrov - a unique shooting technique.

PM - history of creation

Subtitles

Typical Structure of the Manual

Instructions are published for each model of weapons in the form of a separate book and in the form of collections of several samples. The instructions, published in the form of collections, include a general section that outlines the basics of internal and external ballistics and other general information necessary for fire training. Collections, as a rule, are intended for non-military training.

A small arms manual for a specific type of small arms usually includes the following parts and chapters (the sequence and titles may vary):

• Arrangement of a weapon sample, handling, care and conservation
  • General information
  • Disassembly and assembly
  • Purpose and arrangement of parts and mechanisms, accessories and ammunition
  • Work of parts and mechanisms
  • Delays in shooting and how to eliminate them
  • Weapon care, storage and conservation
  • Inspection and preparation for shooting
  • Bringing to a normal fight
• Techniques and rules of shooting
• Applications (technical characteristics of weapons and ammunition, ballistic tables, ammunition consumption rates for hitting targets in various conditions, etc.)

Some NSD

• Shooting instruction. Gun shooting basics. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1970
• Shooting instructions. 4th edition, revised. - M., Military publishing house, 1987
• Manual on shooting (NSD-38). Self-loading rifle arr. 1940 - M., Military publishing house of the NPO of the USSR, 1940
• Shooting instruction. Hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher (RPG-7 and RPG-7D). Edition 2, supplemented. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1971
• Shooting instruction. Hand grenades. - M., Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1987