Slideshow presentation:

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"A grenade is ... an explosive projectile: a hollow core filled with gunpowder, with an incendiary tube inserted into the point; chinenka; the same bomb, but smaller." IN AND. Dal." Dictionary living Great Russian language"

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Hand grenades are designed to defeat enemy manpower and equipment in close combat (when attacking, in trenches, shelters, settlements, etc.)

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Depending on the range of the fragments and the purpose of the grenades are divided into anti-personnel (offensive, defensive), anti-tank, and special purpose(smoke, gas, signal, etc.)

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The RGD-5 and F-1 hand grenades are equipped with a modernized unified UZRGM fuse, and the RGO and RGN hand grenades are equipped with a shock-remote fuse UDZ fuse UZRGM fuse UDZ

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ZAPAL UZRGM 1 - tube of the percussion mechanism 2 - guide washer 3 - mainspring 4 - striker 5 - striker washer 6 - trigger lever 7 - safety pin 8 - connecting sleeve 9 - primer - igniter 10 - retarder sleeve 11 - retarder 12 - primer - detonator

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UDZ FUSE Remote impact fuse in the section (the position of mechanisms and parts during service handling) 1 - detonator cap of the detonation unit; 2 - primer-igniter; 3 - engine of the long-range cocking mechanism; 4 - sting of the drummer; 5, 6 - sleeve and sleeve of the target sensor; 7 - body; 8 - inertial load of the target sensor; 9 - sting of the drummer of the safety mechanism; 10 - drummer; 11 - ring; 12 - primer-igniter of the safety mechanism; 13 - lever.

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The design of the shock-remote fuse has become a significant novelty. The fuse is assembled in a plastic housing, consists of a safety mechanism, a target sensor, a remote device, a long-range cocking mechanism and a detonating unit. The safety mechanism ensures safety in handling and includes a striker with a sting, a spring, a cotter pin (pin) with a ring, a plug, a bar and a primer. The drummer rotates on the axis (like a trigger) under the action of a torsion spring. The target sensor provides triggering of the fuse when it hits an obstacle and consists of a spherical load (inertial body), a sleeve, a sting, a spring and a bushing. The remote device provides detonation deceleration after the throw by 3.2-4.2 seconds and includes a sleeve with a retarding compound and a detonator cap. The long-range cocking mechanism is designed to cock the fuse 1-1.8 seconds after the throw (i.e., at a distance from the thrower) and includes two bushings with pyrotechnic compositions, a stopper, an engine, a primer and a spring. The detonating assembly is fixed in a glass and consists of a detonator cap and a bushing. In the normal state, the drummer is turned to the upper (cocked) position and is held by a lever pressed against the body and fixed with a cotter pin. The stoppers hold the engine with the capsule in a position shifted to the edge of the fuse, so that the capsule is removed from under the sting, the engine spring is compressed. The load is pressed against the body of the sleeve, the movement of which is limited by the engine. So comparatively complex structure The igniter provides a combination of safe handling (6 stages of protection) with guaranteed operation.

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DEVICE OF ANTI-PERSONNEL GRENADE RGD - 5 RGD-5 refers to anti-personnel fragmentation hand grenades of remote offensive type. This means that it is designed to destroy enemy personnel with hull fragments during its explosion. Remote action - means that the grenade will explode after a certain period of time (3.2-4.2 seconds). Offensive type - means that grenade fragments have a small mass and fly at a distance less than the possible throw range. Externally, the grenade has an oval body made of thin steel. The streamlined body is assembled from the top and bottom parts, each of which includes an outer shell and liner. The opening for the fuse during storage is closed with a plastic stopper. The total weight of a grenade with a fuse is 310 gr. Explosive charge - TNT weighing 110 grams. The fuse of the grenade is universal, suitable also for the F-1 grenade. Mark sunk UZRGM. The range of the fragments is about 15-20 meters.

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DEVICE OF F-1 ANTI-PERSONNEL GRENADES It was developed on the basis of the French F-1 fragmentation grenade of the 1915 model and the English Lemon grenade, supplied to Russia during the First World War. Hence the designation F-1 and the nickname "LEMONKA", it is also "PINEAPPLE", it is also "TURTLE", it consists of a body, an explosive charge and a fuse UZRGM (UZRGM-2). The thick-walled case is made of cast iron with an external notch. The hole for the fuse during storage of the grenade is closed with a plastic stopper. The hull at break yields 290 large heavy fragments with an initial expansion velocity of about 730 m/s. At the same time, 38% of the hull mass goes to the formation of lethal fragments, the rest is simply sprayed. The reduced area of ​​fragmentation is 75-82 sq.m. Grenade mass - 600 g. Warhead mass - 60 g. Throw range - 35-45 m. Deceleration time - 3.2-4.2 s. The radius of the lethal action of fragments is 200 m.

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HAND GRENADE RGO AND RGN RGD-5 and F-1 have one significant drawback, which consists in a large period of time between the throw of a grenade and its detonation. On rough terrain, in the mountains, this allows the enemy, who notices the thrown grenade in time, to take advantage of the nearest shelter, and also creates a threat of self-destruction of the thrower in the event of a grenade rebounding from an obstacle or rolling down a slope after being thrown. Therefore, it was necessary to replace the existing samples with new RGN (offensive) and RGO (defensive) grenades, developed at the Bazalt State Research and Production Enterprise and equipped with a target sensor and triggered when they hit any obstacle.

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Each grenade consists of a body, an explosive charge, a detonation cartridge and a fuse, unified for both models. The body of the RGN is formed by two hemispheres made of aluminum alloy with an internal notch. The body of the RGO to increase the number of fragments, in addition to the two outer hemispheres, has two inner ones. All four hemispheres are made of steel, the lower outer one - for the convenience of distinguishing a grenade from an RGN - has an external notch, the rest - an internal one. In the upper part of the housings, a fuse cup is rolled with a cuff, which is covered with a plastic stopper during storage. A detonation block is placed under the glass in a recess inside the explosive mixture.

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1 - lower inner hemisphere; 2 - lower outer hemisphere; 3 - explosive mixture; 4 - upper outer hemisphere; 5 - glass; 6 - cork; 7 - cuff; 8 - upper inner hemisphere; 9 - shock-remote fuse; 10 - ring; 11 - lever. 1 - lower hemisphere; 2 - explosive mixture; 3 - upper hemisphere; 4 - glass; 5 - cork; 6 - shock-remote fuse; 7 - ring; 8 - lever.

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During the explosion, the RGN grenade forms 220-300 fragments with an average weight of 0.42 g with an initial expansion velocity of 700 m / s, the reduced fragmentation area is 95-96 sq.m. The RGO produces 670-700 fragments weighing 0.46 g and speeds up to 1200 m/s. 73% of the mass of the grenade body goes to the formation of lethal fragments. The energy of RGO fragments is three times higher than that of RGN fragments, the reduced area of ​​expansion is 213-286 sq.m. The "controlled fragmentation" of the RGO provides a greater density of the destruction field than with a small number of heavy fragments (as in the F-1) and, at the same time, greater safety for the thrower and his unit due to the rapid loss of lethal energy by the fragments. CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTI-PERSONNEL GRENADE RGO AND RGN

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Grenade mass, g 310 530 Warhead mass, g 114 92 Throw range, m 25-45 20-40 Deceleration time, s 3.2-4.2 Destruction radius, m 8.7 16.5 Long-range fuse cocking time, s 1-1.8 Radius of safe removal, m 24 - Temperature range of application, oC ±50

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The RKG 3 grenade (Hand Cumulative Grenade) is designed to destroy lightly armored and unarmored vehicles, enemy manpower in shelters. The body of the grenade is round in diameter, it contains an explosive charge with a cumulative funnel directed downwards and a fuse. There is a parachute in the handle. After the check is pulled out of the fuse and the shooter throws a grenade, a spring-loaded parachute jumps out of the handle and the grenade unfolds in a cumulative funnel towards the target. Upon impact, an instantaneous explosion occurs, which is provided by a striker with an inertial ball. Grenade modifications: RKG - 3E - a modernized version of the RKG - 3EM - a modernized version. Weight of the grenade - 1070 g. Length - 400 mm. Diameter - 76 mm. Throw range - 15-20 m. Armor penetration - 170 mm (RKG-3E), 220 mm (RKG-3EM).

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Grenade RGD - M Serves to protect personnel from enemy aimed fire. The unique composition of the RGD-M grenade equipment ensures the setting of a dense smoke screen, which makes it possible for personnel to move more safely in open areas, and also contributes to the effective implementation of special operations. Specifications: Weight of the grenade, kg 0.35 Smoke screen installation time, s to 2 Filler weight, kg 0.125 Curtain length, m from 10 Curtain height, m ​​from 3 Curtain life time, s from 15

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Grenade RGD - 2 Designed as an individual tool for creating smoke zones in order to mask individual firing points, small units, as well as to simulate a fire in military and other equipment in order to mislead the enemy. It can also be used to indicate helicopter landing sites and indicate wind direction and strength for them. The grenade is produced in three versions - RGD-2, RGD-2x and RGD-2ch. RGD-2 and RGD-2x have smoke white color, but RGD-2x differs in that instead of a fuse-match, it has a grating igniter. RGD-2ch has black smoke and is designed to simulate a car fire. In all other respects, the grenades are identical.

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The grenade is a yellow-brown cylindrical cardboard body with a diameter of 4.5cm. and 15cm high. Grenade weight 500-600g. Warm-up time up to 15 seconds, intensive smoke emission time 60-75 seconds. Under average weather conditions, one RGD-2 (RGD-2x) grenade gives an impenetrable cloud of white smoke about 20 meters long, and a RGD-2ch grenade produces a cloud of black smoke up to 10-15 meters long. The figure shows the body of the grenade and diaphragm in brown, removable covers in green, a grater in purple, a smoke mixture in yellow, a match fuse in red. As a smoke mixture, a mixture of ammonium chloride, bertolet salt, anthracene and naphthalene is used.

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The Cheryomukha-1 hand gas grenade is designed to create a gas-smoke cloud with an intolerable concentration of a tear substance in an open area. Tactical and technical data: - place of application - open area; - approximate volume of the gas-smoke cloud /created by one grenade/ - 100 m3, method of application - throwing a grenade by hand, actuation - ignition of the ignition rod by hand, using a grater, the optimal distance the grenade falls to the object /when the wind is directed to the object/ - not less than 25 meters, response delay time /after activation/ - 10-20 1 seconds, gas release time - 40 seconds, grenade dimensions /length, diameter/ - 135 mm., 47 mm., weight - 200 grams.

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The Cheryomukha-6 hand gas grenade is designed to create a gas-smoke cloud with an intolerable concentration of tear substance both indoors and outdoors. Tactical and technical data: - methods of application: a) hand throw / single double grenade /; b) shooting from a carbine KS-23 with a special attachment; c) holding by hand / grenade of directional action / for directing gas-smoke into the slot / hole /, fumigating offenders; - the optimal distance of a grenade to an object is 1.5 - 2 meters, the average throw distance is 45 m, the delay time / from the moment of ignition / is 4 s, the gas release time is 7 s, the dimensions of a single grenade / length, diameter / - 34.88 mm;

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When throwing a grenade, it is necessary to unscrew the cork from the tube, and screw the fuse in its place to the full. When throwing a grenade, it is taken in the hand so that the trigger lever is pressed against its body. Without releasing the lever, the safety pin is pulled out and the grenade is thrown at the target. When throwing a grenade in motion, it is necessary: ​​using the speed of movement and putting successively the strength of the legs, body and arm into the throw, throw the grenade carrying it over the shoulder. When throwing a grenade while lying down, stand on your left knee and at the same time swing. straightening right leg, turning his chest to the target and, falling forward, throw a grenade.

Performed :

student 2 "B" class

MBOU secondary school No. 70, Lipetsk

Kunaeva Sofia

Teacher: Chernikova E.N.

It hangs on a branch and looks like an apple,

But red as cancer, and like a bull, thick-skinned, -

And full of ruby ​​beads to the top -

Transparent and juicy, and sweet in taste.

(Murzilka magazine, 1987, No. 2)

Pomegranate is a stone and pomegranate fruit: Is there any similarity?

Is a pomegranate a fruit or a berry?

How many seeds are in a pomegranate?

Which is healthier: pomegranate or pomegranate juice?

Why is pomegranate the king of all fruits?

Do pomegranates grow on a windowsill?

• Pomegranate - a round granular dark red fruit with numerous seeds.

(S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language)

• Pomegranate – mineral, transparent gem dark red.

(S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.)

pomegranate pomegranate

The words, identical in sound and spelling, but different in meaning – words are homonyms

pomegranate stone similar in shape and color to faceted grains in pomegranate fruits.

Probably the stone got its name for the resemblance to a pomegranate fruit .

In everyday life and cooking, pomegranate is considered fruit because it tastes sweet like apple, banana, pear.

From a scientific point of view, pomegranate - this is not fruit, a fetus

Fetus The part of a plant that develops from a flower and contains seeds.

grenade - large rounded sweet and sour berry with juicy seeds and thin skin.

Pomegranate refers to juicy fruits:

berry-like. pomegranate fruit - pomegranate.

pomegranate fruit – variety of berries but not a berry!

• Pomegranate is grown almost all over the world.
• In Russia - in the Caucasus, in the Crimea - throughout the southern strip.

• The first mention of the pomegranate is found in bible .
• The Greeks composed legends and myths about the pomegranate, calling it "grainy apple".
• Romans - "Punic, or Carthaginian apple", because the best were considered grenades from Carthage, whose inhabitants were called Punians.
• An image of a pomegranate was even found in the Egyptian pyramids.
• Pomegranate is known to people more than 5 thousand years!

• Pomegranates grow on low trees

(from 2 to 4 m tall!

• There are thorns on the branches of the pomegranate tree!
• Fruits - pomegranates - appear only for 6-7 years!
• The pomegranate tree usually lives 50-70 years, and some trees can live up to 300 years!
• At the same time, both fruits and flowers can be seen on a pomegranate tree.
• Pomegranate blooms with beautiful red flowers!

• An ancient legend says that there are exactly 365 seeds in a pomegranate - according to the number of days in a year.
• However, the seeds in a mature fruit can be a thousand or even more!

• Inside the fruit, the grains are located in 2 floors: on the top floor there are 2 nests for seeds, on the bottom - from 5 to 9!

Contains vitamins A, B, C, E, iron, potassium, iodine.

Improves appetite, reduces high temperature, strengthens the immune system, helps fight sore throats.

Quenches thirst, refreshes; used in traditional medicine and cosmetology.

• Pomegranate is healthier than store-bought pomegranate juice!
• Pomegranate juice contains more vitamins than other fruit juices.

• Children who often use pomegranate are quick-witted and smart.
• Jelly, marshmallow, sauces, drinks are made from pomegranate, they are added to pastries, salads, meat dishes.

• Indoor pomegranate is an unpretentious plant from 30cm to 1m tall.
• Fruits are 3 to 8 cm in diameter, edible.

• At home, ordinary pomegranate and dwarf pomegranate are grown.
• Propagated by seeds and cuttings.

• The top of the pomegranate is decorated with sepals resembling a royal crown.
• The pomegranate is one of the oldest fruits known to man.
• The main value of pomegranate is its amazing taste and useful properties.

• Pot full of carnations . (Tajik)
• Small stove with red coals . (Armenian)
• I bought one on the market, opened it at home - it turned out - a thousand . (Armenian)

Turkey

Jerusalem

Azerbaijan

I know everything now, guys:

The benefit, even the harm of a pomegranate ...

I love the taste of pomegranate

I often drink pomegranate juice!

Don't forget about this fruit

keep them healthy!

• Encyclopedias "Everything about everything", "I want to know everything"
• S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language.
• Internet resources : povarenok.ru , stranamasterov.ru , wikipedia.org.ru, detskiy sad.ru, gardenia.ru and others.
• Cartoon "The Tale of the Magic Pomegranate", 1982.
• "Wonderful Pomegranate" (Algerian fairy tale, in the retelling of E. Egoshkin)

Hand grenades: purpose, types. A grenade is an explosive weapon designed to
destruction of enemy manpower and equipment with the help of
hand throw.
A modern hand grenade consists of a body,
explosive charge and fuse (fuse).
The defeat is inflicted by fragments of the hull,
shock wave or cumulative jet, and
also, as an option, ready-made striking
elements (shrapnel). Made from
light alloys, materials of high specific
strength and plastics.
A trained soldier throws a fragmentation
grenade at 40-50 meters, anti-tank -
about 20 meters.

Fuse

Grenades may have a fuse,
triggered on different principles of detonation
- dynamic (detonation upon impact with the target),
or with a delay (detonation by a fuse with
given delay).
Undermining with a delay is carried out
as follows: when pulling out
safety pin and clip release
cocked in advance
spring mechanism, and the striker hits with force
per capsule from shock-sensitive
substances, (by analogy with the product
hand-held shot firearms).

UZRG

Exploding capsule
ignites gunpowder in a thin fuse
tube. Gunpowder burns at speed
approximately 1 cm per second and does not require
oxygen, so the grenade can
explode underwater. When the fire is in
ignition tube reaches the detonator,
it explodes and causes detonation
explosive, which
equipped with a grenade.
Depending on the design,
the fuse of the grenade turns on the fuse
a tube with a primer and a detonator, and
may also include a spring
mechanism with striker, pin and trigger
bracket.

Classification

By appointment
main purpose (intended for
direct defeat of the enemy):
- anti-tank (high-explosive, cumulative)
- anti-personnel (fragmentation, high-explosive fragmentation, high-explosive)
– incendiary
special purpose:
–
–
–
–
–
–
smoke
lighting
signal
light and sound
gas
and others
training (have the shape and weight of a combat grenade)

Among the hand-held anti-personnel grenades are:

Among hand anti-personnel grenades
allocate:
defensive grenades with a large radius
damage (more explosive power, quantity, quality and
fragmentation distance).
Defensive grenades are supposed to be used only because of
shelters, otherwise they are dangerous for the grenade launcher himself.
A typical defensive grenade - F-1 (explosive charge -
trotyl, 60 g; weight 600 g);
offensive (small explosive charge, scattering of fragments and
damaging effect). Offensive range
grenade guaranteed less than average throw range
hand, so they can be used while in the open
space.
Offensive includes, for example, RGD-5 (charge
BB - TNT, 110 g; weight 310 g.).

F-1 grenade

F-1 - manual anti-personnel defensive
grenade.

defensive battle.
Due to the significant radius of fragmentation
you can only throw it from behind cover, from
armored personnel carrier or from a tank.

The F-1 grenade has the following tactical and technical
characteristics.
Throw range: 50-60 m
Fragment damage radius: 7 m
200 m - safe distance
Ignition deceleration time: 3.2-4.5 sec
Number of fragments up to 300 pieces
F-1 grenade refers to hand-held anti-personnel fragmentation
defensive remote-action grenades.
Its design turned out to be so successful that without
fundamental changes have existed up to the present
time. Several changes and improvements were made to
increase the reliability of operation of the design of the fuse.

Like most anti-personnel grenades, the F-1 consists of 3 main parts:

Fuse. The grenade has a universal fuse UZRGM (or UZRG). fuse
UZRGM differs from UZRG by changes in the shape of the trigger guard and
striker design, which made it possible to reduce the failure rate of weapons.
Explosive. Explosive charge - 60 g of TNT.
Such grenades have an increased lethality, but the duration
storage in warehouses is strictly limited, after the expiration of the grenade
represents a significant hazard.
Metal shell.
Externally, the grenade has an oval ribbed
cast iron body.
Slicing the body makes it easy to tie
grenades to the peg and also performs
ergonomic function, contributing to
better holding grenades in hand.
The total weight of a grenade with a fuse is 600 g.

RGD-5 (hand grenade, remote)
RGD-5 - Soviet offensive manual
grenade, refers to anti-personnel fragmentation
remote hand grenades
offensive type. This means that she
designed to damage personal
the composition of the enemy with fragments of the hull with his own
explosion.
The grenade reaches its target by throwing it with the hand.
Remote action - means that the grenade
explodes after a certain time (3.2-4.2
seconds) after it is released, regardless
from other conditions. offensive type -
means that grenade fragments have a small
mass and fly at a distance less than
possible throw distance.

Externally, the grenade has an oval body made of thin steel.
The streamlined body is assembled from the upper and lower parts,
each of which includes an outer shell and an insert.
Igniter hole closes during storage
plastic stopper. .
Explosive charge - TNT weighing 110
grams.
The range of fragmentation is 30 meters.
The fuse of the grenade is universal, suitable also for
grenades RG-42 and F-1.
Brand fuse: UZRG, UZRGM (since the second half of the 1950s
years), or UZRGM-2. All of these fuses are interchangeable.
Mass of a grenade with a fuse 310 g

RGO (defensive hand grenade)
RGO (defensive hand grenade) - hand
anti-personnel defensive strike-remote.
Designed to defeat manpower in
defensive battle. The grenade is delivered to the target only
due to her throw with the hand of a soldier.
The radius of destruction by fragments of a grenade is 50 meters, the radius
possible defeat 100 meters. According to performance characteristics in general
similar to the F-1 grenade, but unlike it has
combined shock-remote fuse.
Self-destruction time 3.2-4.2 sec.
Long-range cocking time 1.3-1.8 sec.
Weight 530 g
Detonation mechanism: UDZS fuse with
deceleration time 3.2-4.2 sec.

A grenade explosion occurs when a grenade meets
surface. For the fuse, it does not matter which
part of the grenade hit the surface. Has the meaning
only the deceleration speed of the grenade when meeting with
surface.
In order to improve the safety of the grenade launcher during
random encounter of a grenade with an obstacle at close range
distance from the grenade launcher, the fuse is cocked
only after 1.3-1.8 sec. after being released
safety lever (grenade thrown). That is, if
the grenade at this time will hit something, then the explosion will not
will happen at all.
If the grenade explosion did not occur from a percussion fuse
actions (grenade is not thrown, but the lever is released; grenade
is still in flight; the grenade fell into the water or
loose snow) then after 3.2-4.2 seconds after
the safety lever is released, the
self-destruction of a grenade by its detonation.

RGN (offensive hand grenade)
RGN (offensive hand grenade) anti-personnel
fragmentation shock-remote.
Designed to defeat manpower in combat.
The radius of destruction by fragments of a grenade is 15 meters, the radius
possible defeat 35 meters.
The RGN fuse is cocked only 1.3-1.8 seconds after
when the safety lever is released.
Weight 290 g
Detonation mechanism UDZS fuse with deceleration time
3.2-4.2 s

TRAINING QUESTIONS: 1) Appointment, combat properties and the device of a manual fragmentation grenade RGD-5 (Purpose and combat properties of a grenade. Device of a grenade. Work of parts and mechanisms of a grenade.); 2) Purpose, combat properties and device of the F-1 hand fragmentation grenade. (The purpose and combat properties of the grenade. The device of the grenade.); 3) Handling, caring for and saving grenades.

Purpose, combat properties and device of the manual fragmentation grenade RGD-5 Manual fragmentation grenades(Fig.) are intended to defeat enemy manpower with fragments in close combat (during an attack, in trenches, shelters, settlements, in the forest, in the mountains, etc.). Rice. General view of hand fragmentation grenades: a - RGD-5: b - RG-42; in - F-1. The army of Kazakhstan is armed with: - hand grenade RGD-5; - hand grenade RG-42; - F-1 hand grenade.

The hand-held fragmentation grenade RGD-5 of remote action is designed to defeat enemy manpower in the offensive and in defense. Throwing a grenade is carried out from various positions when operating on foot and on an armored personnel carrier (car). The radius of expansion of lethal fragments fans is about 25 m. Medium range grenade throw m. The mass of the equipped fan is 310 g. The burning time of the retarder fuse is 3.2 - 4.2 s.

The RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade (Fig.) consists of a body with a tube for a fuse, an explosive charge, etc. fuse. The body of the fan is designed to contain an explosive charge, a tube for the fuse, and also to collect fragments during the explosion of the fan. It consists of two parts - upper and lower.

The upper part of the body consists of an outer shell called a cap and a cap liner. A fuse tube is attached to the upper part with the help of a cuff. The tube serves to connect the fuse to the fan and to seal the bursting charge in the housing. To protect the tube from contamination, a plastic stopper is screwed into it. When preparing a grenade for throwing, instead of a cork, a fuse is screwed into the tube. The bottom of the body consists of an outer shell called a sump and a sump liner.

The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade (modernized unified fuse of a hand grenade) is intended for the explosion of an explosive charge (Fig.). It consists of a percussion mechanism and the fuse itself.

Rice. The device of manual fragmentation fans RGD-5: 1 - body; 2 - bursting charge; 3 - cap; 4 - cap insert; 5-tube for fuse; 6 - cuff; 7 - fuse; 8 - pallet; 9 - pallet insert. Rice. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade: a - general form; b - in the context; 1-fuse; 2- shock mechanism; 3 - safety check; 4 - tube percussion mechanism; 5 - mainspring; 6 - drummer washer; 7 - connecting sleeve; 8 - moderator; 9 - primer-detonator; 10 - guide washer; 11 - drummer; 12 - primer - igniter; 13 - retarder bushing; 14 - trigger lever.

The mainspring is used to inform the drummer of the energy necessary to prick the igniter capsule. It is put on the drummer and rests with its upper end against the guide washer, and with its lower end against the drummer washer. The drummer (fig.) is used to prick and ignite the igniter capsule. It is placed inside the tube of the percussion mechanism. The drummer washer is put on the lower end of the drummer and is a stop for the lower end of the mainspring.

The trigger lever (fig.) keeps the drummer in the cocked position (the mainspring is compressed). On the tube of the percussion mechanism, the trigger lever is held by a safety pin. The safety pin (fig.) passes through the holes of the eye of the trigger lever and the walls of the tube of the percussion mechanism and has a ring for pulling out.

The fuse (Fig.) serves to explode the explosive charge of the grenade. It consists of a retarder bushing of an igniter cap, a retarder and a detonator cap. The retarder sleeve in the upper part has a thread for connection with the tube of the percussion mechanism and a socket for an igniter capsule, inside a channel in which the retarder is placed, and a groove on the outside for attaching a detonator capsule sleeve. The igniter capsule is designed to ignite the moderator.

The retarder transmits the beam of fire from the igniter cap to the detonator cap. It consists of pressurized gas. The detonator cap is used to detonate the explosive charge of the grenade. It is placed in a sleeve fixed at the bottom of the retarder bushing. The fuses are always in combat position. It is strictly forbidden to disassemble the fuses and check the operation of the percussion mechanism.

The operation of parts and mechanisms of a grenade Before throwing a grenade, unscrew the cork from the tube, and screw the fuse in its place until it stops. Parts of the striking mechanism of the fuse are in the following position: the striker is cocked and held in the upper position by the fork of the trigger lever connected to the tube of the striking mechanism by a safety pin; the ends of the safety checks are divorced and firmly hold it in the heat of the moment. When throwing a grenade, it is taken in the hand so that the trigger lever is pressed against its body with the fingers. Without releasing the lever, the safety pin is pulled out and the grenade is thrown at the target. After pulling out the checks, the position of the parts of the fuse does not change, the drummer in the cocked position is held by the trigger lever, which is released from the connection with the tube of the percussion mechanism, but is pressed against it with the fingers of the hand.

At the moment the grenade is thrown, the trigger lever is separated from it and releases the drummer, which, under the influence of the mainspring, strikes (pricks) the igniter primer and ignites it. The beam of fire from the igniter primer ignites the moderator (the remote part of the fuse) and, having passed it, is transferred to the detonator cap. The blasting cap explodes and detonates the bursting charge of the fans. The body of the grenade is torn apart, and fragments of the body and the fuse scatter in different directions.

The RG-42 hand-held fragmentation grenade of remote action is designed to defeat enemy manpower in the offensive and in defense. Throwing a grenade is carried out from various positions when moving on foot and on an armored personnel carrier (car). The radius of expansion of lethal fragments during a grenade explosion is about 25 m. The average range of a grenade throw is 3040 m. The mass of the equipped fan is 420 g.

The RG-42 hand fragmentation grenade (fig.) consists of a body with a tube for a fuse, a metal tape, an explosive charge and a fuse. The case is designed to accommodate an explosive charge, a metal tape, a fuse tube, and also for fragments during a grenade explosion. The body is cylindrical, has a bottom and a lid. A tube with a flange is attached to the lid. When storing and carrying a grenade, the tube is closed with a plastic stopper or a metal cap. The metal tape serves to form fragments during the explosion of a grenade; it is rolled up in 3-4 layers inside the body. To increase the number of fragments, the surface of the tape is notched into squares. An explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the fans into fragments. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade (see fig.) is intended to explode an explosive charge fans.

Purpose, combat properties and design of the F-1 hand-held fragmentation grenade The F-1 remote-action hand-held fragmentation grenade is designed to engage manpower mainly in defensive combat. You can throw a grenade from various positions and only from behind cover, from an armored personnel carrier or a tank (self-propelled artillery mount). The radius of scattering of lethal fragments during a grenade explosion is about 200 m. The average range of a grenade throw is m. The mass of an equipped grenade is 600 g.

Grenade device: The F-1 hand fragmentation grenade (fig.) consists of a body, an explosive charge and a fuse. The case is designed to accommodate an explosive charge and a fuse, as well as to form fragments during a grenade explosion. The body of the grenade is cast iron with longitudinal and transverse grooves, along which the grenade usually breaks into fragments. In the upper part of the body there is a threaded hole for screwing in the fuse. When storing, transporting and carrying a grenade, a plastic plug is screwed into this hole. The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade (see Fig. 74) is intended to explode the explosive charge of the grenade.

Grenade Handling, Care and Saving Grenades enter the troops in wooden boxes, with fans, handles and fuses placed separately in metal boxes. There is a knife to open the boxes. On the walls and lid of the box there is a marking indicating: the number of fans in the box, their weight, the name of the fan and fuses, the manufacturer's number, the batch number of the fan, the year of manufacture and the danger sign. All stocks of grenades and fuses, except for wearable ones, must be stored in their original packaging. Soldiers carry grenades in special bags (fig.). The fuses are placed in them separately from the grenades, while each fuse must be wrapped in paper or a clean rag. In tanks (armored personnel carriers, self-propelled artillery mounts), grenades and fuses separately from them are placed in bags.

Before packing in the bag and before loading, the fans and fuses are inspected. When inspecting, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the body of the grenade does not have deep dents and rust; the fuse tube was not clogged and had no through damage; the fuse was clean and free of rust and bruises; the ends of the safety pins were separated and did not have cracks in the bends. Fuses with cracks or with a green coating are unsuitable for use.

It is necessary to protect grenades and fuses from strong shocks, blows, fire, dirt and dampness. If the grenades were dirty or soaked, then at the first opportunity they should be thoroughly wiped and dried in the sun or in a warm room, but not near the fire. Drying grenades must be done under supervision. Grenades stored in bags long time, should be checked periodically. Defective grenades and fuses are handed over to the warehouse for destruction. Loading a grenade (inserting a fuse) is allowed only before throwing it.

Combat grenades are issued to soldiers only trained to handle them. disassemble combat grenades and repair malfunctions in them, carry grenades outside the bags (suspended by the safety pin ring), as well as touching unexploded grenades is prohibited. To study the device of grenades, techniques and rules for throwing them, they use training, training and imitation grenades and posters. Soldiers who have successfully completed exercises in throwing training and training-imitation grenades are allowed to throw combat grenades.

When training in throwing live grenades, the following precautions must be observed: 1) trainees must be in steel helmets; 2) before loading, inspect grenades and fuses; in case of detection of malfunctions, report to the commander; 3) throwing defensive fragmentation and anti-tank grenades from a trench or from behind a shelter not penetrated by fragments, under the direction of an officer; 4) when throwing several by one trainee, throw each subsequent grenade not less than 5 s after the explosion of the previous one;

5) if the grenade was not thrown (the safety pin was not removed), then it can be discharged only on command and under the direct supervision of the commander; 6) keep a record of unexploded grenades and mark the places of their fall with red flags; at the end of throwing, destroy unexploded grenades by detonation at the place of impact in accordance with the rules set forth in the Guidelines for the storage and conservation of artillery weapons and ammunition in the troops; detonation of grenades (fuses) is organized by the unit commander;

7) throwing area hand grenades cordon off within a radius of at least 300 m; 8) personnel not engaged in throwing grenades should be taken to a shelter or to a safe distance from firing line(no closer than 350 m); 9) mark the starting position for throwing grenades with white flags, the firing line with red ones; 10) equip the point for issuing grenades and fuses in a shelter no closer than 25 m from the starting position.

Questions and tasks: 1. What do you know about the handling of grenades and how to save them? 2. What is the purpose and what are the combat properties of the RGD-5 and F-1 hand fragmentation grenades 3. What is the device of the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade? 4. What is the device of the UZRGM fuse? 5. What are the features of the F-1 hand fragmentation grenade device? 6. Tell us about the purpose and combat properties of the F grenade What is the RG-42 hand fragmentation grenade for? 8. Tell us about the design and combat properties of the RG hand fragmentation grenade What is the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade intended for? 10. What types of hand grenades are in service with the army of the Republic of Kazakhstan? 11. Tell us about the device and combat properties of the RGD manual fragmentation grenade. How do the parts and mechanisms of the ganata work when it is thrown?

PUBLIC LESSON

Lecturer: Zhumabekova S.K.

Theme: Hand Grenades

Purpose: To familiarize students with hand grenades RGD - 5, RGN and RGO, F - 1.

Educational: expand the horizons of students about hand grenades RGD - 5, RGN and RGO, F - 1.

Developing: develop students' ability to act correctly in emergency situations;

Educational: to cultivate respect for the subject of NVP

Interview homework: "The work of parts and mechanisms of the machine gun (machine gun)."

• 1. What does the trigger retarder do under the action of its spring?
• 2. Where is the interpreter?
• 3. What needs to be done to load the machine gun (machine gun)?
• 4. What happens when setting up an AB fire?
• 5. How does the bullet move?

• III. Main part.
• 1. What is the manual fragmentation grenade RGD - 5, RGN and RGO, F - 1 for?
• Purpose and combat properties of grenades?
• 2. What types of hand grenades are in service with the army of the Republic of Kazakhstan,
• 3. The work of parts and mechanisms of grenades.

• Hand-held fragmentation grenades are designed to defeat enemy personnel with fragments in close combat (during an attack, in trenches, shelters, settlements, in the forest, in the mountains, etc.)

RGN and RGS

• The radius of expansion of lethal fragments of a grenade is about 25 m. The average range of a grenade throw is 40–50 m. The mass of an equipped grenade is 310 g.

• Characteristics of RGN Weight, kg: 290 g Length, mm: 113 mm Diameter, mm: 60 mm Explosive: A-IX-1 (96% hexogen, 4% wax) (plastite) Mass of explosive, g: 97 g Detonation mechanism: Ignition UDZ with a deceleration time of 3.3-4.3 s

• Characteristics of the RGS Weight, kg: 530 g Length, mm: 113 mm Diameter, mm: 61 mm Mass of explosive, g: 92 g Detonation mechanism: UDZ fuse with deceleration time 3.3-4.3 sec.

2. In service with the army of Kazakhstan are:

• - hand grenade RGD - 5;
• - hand grenades RGN and RGO;
• - hand grenade F - 1.
• Depending on the range of the fragments, grenades are divided into offensive and defensive. Hand grenades RGD - 5 and RGN are offensive, grenade F - 1 and RGO are defensive.