Option 1

What method of heat transfer is based on water heating?

A) thermal conductivity. B) convection. B) radiation.

2) Double frames protect from the cold, because the air between them has _________________ thermal conductivity

A) good B) bad

3) What substances have ...

A) the highest thermal conductivity?

B) the lowest thermal conductivity?

1. Paper; 2. Straw; 3. Silver; 4. Cast iron.

4) What color do I paint the outer surfaces of aircraft, artificial satellites of the Earth, balloons to avoid overheating?

A) In a light, silvery color.

B) C dark color.

5) Two identical sheets of tinplate are nailed to the plank. The inner surface of one of them is covered with soot, and the other is left shiny. Matches are attached to the outer surface of the sheets with wax. A hot metal ball is placed between the sheets (Fig. 1). Will the matches fall off the sheets of tin at the same time?

A) at the same time.

B) Matches will fall off the sooty surface earlier.

C) Matches will fall off the shiny surface earlier.

6) Will the temperature of a body change if it absorbs more radiation energy than it emits?

A) The body is heated.

b) The body is cooling.

7) In what direction will the air move on a hot summer day (Fig. 2)?

A) ABCD B) ADCB

rice. 1 fig. 2

Option 2

How does heat transfer heat water in a pot on a gas stove?

2) What would fruit trees not frozen, their tree trunks are covered with sawdust for the winter. Sawdust has _______________ thermal conductivity.

A) good B) bad

3) What substances have ...

A) good thermal conductivity?

B) poor thermal conductivity?

1. Air; 2. fur; 3. Aluminum; 4. Lead.

4) In which of the following bodies does heat transfer occur mainly by conduction?

A) air. B) brick. B) water.

5) One flask is covered with soot, the other is whitewashed with lime (Fig. 1). They are filled with hot water of the same temperature. In which flask will water cool faster?

A) In a whitewashed flask.

B) In a smoked flask.

C) In both flasks, the temperature of the water will decrease equally.

6) Is it possible to predict what direction the wind will have near the sea with the onset of the autumn cold weather?

A) You can't.

b) From sea to land.

C) from land to sea.

7) The air in the room is heated by a water heating radiator (Fig. 2). In which direction is he moving?

A) ABCD B) ADCB

rice. 1 fig. 2

Option 3

What method of heat transfer allows you to warm yourself by a fire?

2) At the same temperature metal objects to the touch seem colder than others. This is because metals have ______________ thermal conductivity.

A) good B) bad

3) What substances have ...

A) good thermal conductivity?

B) poor thermal conductivity?

1. Water; 2. Brass; 3. Iron; 4. Wool.

4) Is it possible to predict what direction the wind will have on the seashore on a hot summer day?

A) You can't.

b) From sea to land.

C) from land to sea.

D) During the day from land to sea, and at night from sea to land.

5) How is heat transfer possible between bodies separated by airless space?

A) thermal conductivity. B) convection. B) radiation.

6) Does the temperature of a body change if it emits more energy by radiation than absorbs it?

A) The body is heated.

b) The body is cooling.

C) Body temperature does not change.

7) Water is heated in a vessel using a spirit lamp (Fig. 1). In which direction will it move?

A) ABCD B) ADCB

Option 4

What method of heat transfer heats the lower layers of the atmosphere?

A) thermal conductivity. B) convection. B) radiation.

2) So that the handle of the iron does not heat up, it is made of plastic. Plastic has __________ thermal conductivity.

A) good B) bad

3) What substances have ...

A) good thermal conductivity?

B) poor thermal conductivity?

1. Steel; 2. Cork; 3. Copper; 4. Air.

4) In what bodies can heat transfer occur by convection?

A) in the water. b) in the sand. B) in the air.

5) Three pieces of cloth of different colors were placed on the snow: white, black and green. When the sun warmed up, after some time the snow melted under them (Fig. 1). What number in this picture indicates white, black and green cloth?

A) White - 1, black - 2, green - 3.

B) White - 2, black - 3, green - 1.

C) White - 3, black - 1, green - 2.

6) In which teapot will water cool faster: pure white or smoked?

A) the same.

B) Faster in sooty.

B) Faster in pure white.

7) In what direction does air move in the atmosphere on a hot summer day (Fig. 2)?

A) ABCD B) ADCB

"Wind in February" - The wind does not blow, and the sedge does not make noise. January - father - frosts, February - snowstorms. You can't hold back the wind, you can't hide the truth. And the wind shakes the branches And calls with him. The wind blows - traces will sweep. Observation diary: Wind. Teach you to fly across the sky And touch the clouds there. You can't catch the wind in your gauntlet. Objective:

"Wind Energy" - An example from the RETScreen® module for calculating projects using wind energy. Turbine power graph per 1 MW. The rest of the equipment. Rotor diameter. Wind speed (m/s). Calculate the supplied renewable energy. Photo: Charles Newcomber/NREL Pix. Wind energy resource. Calculate the energy distribution curve.

"Signs of the Sea" - the Caspian Sea; Sea of ​​Azov; Black Sea. The coldest is the Chukchi Sea. Environmental problems seas. The most salty is the Sea of ​​Japan. Inland Sea. The warmest sea is the Black Sea. Ocean pool. Atlantic Ocean: Black Sea, Sea of ​​Azov, Baltic Sea. Marginal and inland seas.

"Wind Direction" - Measuring the strength of the wind. The result of uneven heating of the surface. Photograph of a tropical cyclone. In an anticyclone, the winds blow from the center, where the air pressure is highest, to the periphery. The concept of wind. The meaning of the winds. Coastal breeze (night). In cyclones, winds blow from the periphery to the center, where the most ND. Sea breeze (day).

Seas of Russia - Seas, lakes and rivers of Russia. Lakes of Russia. Caspian Lake-Sea Baikal Ladoga Onega. Rivers Ust - Labinsk - Kuban and Laba. Seas of the Arctic Ocean. Lake Kopytko is a favorite vacation spot for residents and guests of our city. Baltic Sea Black Sea. Rivers of Russia. Bering Sea Sea of ​​Okhotsk Sea of ​​Japan.

"Life of the Sea" - Thirdly, offer your solution - a hypothesis. We continue - in the classroom, in the building, on the lights, and other camp affairs. We hunt with our eyes. Because there were a lot of fish here. Sea life. Swim one by one, two by two 2. Observation is not hunting. More than in the Mediterranean! Secondly, find a problem - a riddle - a question.

Research project

Can you predict the direction of the wind from folk omens?»

Target:

learn about natural phenomenon"wind", about the causes of its occurrence, the impact on human life and the world.

Find out if it's possiblepredict the direction of the wind according to folk signs.

Tasks:
To get acquainted with the concept of "Wind", to establish the causes of its occurrence;
Get acquainted with some types of winds, devices that allow you to measure wind speed and determine its direction;
Find out the role of the wind and the possibility of using it by man;
study and analyze the literature on the topic.
Conduct observations and experiments.Based on the results of my observations, find out in which direction the wind blew in our area in March, April and summer months.

Object of study: wind.

Subject of study : Direction of the wind

Hypothesis: Is it true that a warm wind in March promises the same warm but rainy summer. Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind for the whole summer in the direction of the wind on Verbnoye – April 24, 2016.

Chapter 1

1. Guess the riddle :

Though, without wings, but flies,

Though armless, but it happens

The pines are uprooted,

So sometimes he gets angry.

Just that he was everywhere -

A moment - and it is nowhere. (wind)

Guessed? It's…the wind.

At the lesson of the surrounding world, our teacher told us about natural phenomena. It turned out that nature is filled with many different phenomena, interesting, beautiful and even frightening. We want to dedicate our work to such a phenomenon as the wind.

Windit is impossible to see, but it is impossible not to notice how it sways the crowns of trees, drives clouds into the distance, circles snowflakes.

There are songs and poems about the wind. Many turn to the wind for help literary heroes. There are many folk signs associated with the wind.

We liked these:

● Warm wind in .

● The wind that blows inpalm .

I became interested: what is "wind"? Where does it come from and why does it blow? What is the importance of the wind to humans? Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind from folk signs?

These are the questions we will find answers to in our work.

Experience #1

What is the wind?

To understand what the wind is, we took the turntables and went outside: I noticed that the turntables did not move at first. And as soon as the wind blew, they began to spin, quietly at first, and then stronger and stronger.

Conclusion: Wind is the movement of air.

Experience No. 2

We can check this conclusion in other experiments by trying to create a wind with our own hands:

With the help of a fan:

I took the fan and waved it at me. I felt cool, breeze. I made the air move.

With a balloon:

I blew up a balloon, but didn't tie it. The air began to come out again, and I again felt the breeze.

But the air can be both warm and cold.

To test this, we conducted the following experiment.

Experience number 3 cold and warm air.

When I sat down on the floor, I felt cold. And when I climbed onto the second floor of the bed, I felt warm.

Conclusion: The wind is first formed from two layers of air, and only then it starts to blow. .

It turns out that cold and warm air move differently. We also verified this experimentally.

Experience No. 4 movement of cold and warm air .

I opened the balcony door and lowered the lighted candle on the threshold. The flame of the candle began to deviate towards the door. Then I moved the candle up - the flame of the candle began to deviate towards the room.

Conclusion: Warm air rises, it is light. A heavy cold air rushes down to the warm place.

Air moves continuously, it constantly rises and falls, and also moves horizontally.

It is the horizontal movements of air that we we call it wind.

Each wind has its own name.

The name of the wind gets on the side of the horizon, from where it blows.

the north wind blows from the north

the south wind blows from the south

the west wind blows from the west

the east wind blows from the east

southwest wind blowing from the southwest

northwest wind blows from the northwest

southeast wind blows from the southeast

northeast wind blows from the northeast

Determine from which side the wind is blowing and with what force we can use a special device - a weather vane.

Slow air movement it's a breeze. I watched a light breeze when I was relaxing with my parents at sea.

Strong wind is the rapid movement of air. Such winds are called hurricanes or typhoons. And under thunderclouds tornadoes or tornadoes may occur. Such winds can cause enormous damage: they destroy houses, overturn cars, knock down power line masts. Sometimes it does not do without human victims.

How does the wind help a person

But the power of the wind has long been used by man.

In travels and discoveries (navigation, Balloons);

As a source of clean energy;

Wind - important factor in climate formation, formation and movement of clouds, erosion of the planet's surface; an assistant in the transfer of plant seeds and the fertilization of plants by pollen.

Conclusion: So the wind can be not only an enemy, but also a friend of a person.

Is it possible to determine the direction of the wind by folk signs?

What are omens

The very word "sign" was formed from the words - note, notice. The first signs began to appear in ancient times, at a time when people first began to closely observe the world around them, the behavior of animals, weather changes, and the like. Even such trifles as the color and shape of the clouds gave people something to think about.

A sign is a phenomenon, an event that is popularly considered a harbinger of something.

According to the duration of action, signs are long-term and short-term.

You can determine the weather not only by local signs: clouds, precipitation, the moon, stars. But also for living beings: animals and plants.

We were interested in the signs associated with the wind. Since in Chelyabinsk, according to the city weather station, 76% of the days of the year are windy. average speed wind is 2-5 m/s. Strong winds with a speed of 15 m/s or more are observed annually, more often in the month of May, on average, 14-16 days are observed annually from strong wind.

Chapter 2

To find out whether it is possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs, we organized a weather observation.

We liked these signs associated with the wind:

● "Warm wind in promises the same warm, but also rainy »

● "The wind that blows inpalm, will prevail throughout »

To test your hypothesis:Is it true that a warm wind in March promises the same warm but rainy summer?

I kept a weather diary, where I noted the direction of the wind throughout March 2016, as well as precipitation and air temperature in the summer months.

To find out if the wind was warm in March, and these are southerly winds, I made a wind rose for a given period of time.

In March, warm southerly winds prevailed.

The air temperature throughout the summer months was quite high: it did not fall below 18 degrees, and the highest - the air temperature was in August - 34 degrees. Sunday » I also kept a diary of observations in which I noted the direction of the wind in the summer and noted the direction of the wind on Palm Sunday.

I got these results:

Palm Sunday was - April 24, 2016 on this day the northwest wind prevailed.

If you believe the sign, then the prevailing wind in the summer months should also be northwesterly.

Having built a wind rose for the summer months of June, July and August, I got the following results:

In my experience

in June, the north and northwest wind prevailed

in July, the north and northwest wind prevailed

in August prevailed - south and southwest wind

So the folk tale"The wind that blows in Palmnoe , will prevail duringTotal” was partially confirmed.

CONCLUSION: Summarizing the obtained data, I came to the conclusion that in most casesit is not always possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs.

During its research work I learned a lot about such a natural phenomenon as the wind. I learned about the causes of its occurrence, about the impact on human life and the world around. And found out thatit is not always possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs .

Thank you for your attention!

Research project

“Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind from folk signs?”

Target:

learn about the natural phenomenon "wind", about the causes of its occurrence, the impact on human life and the world around.

Find out if it is possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs.

Tasks:
To get acquainted with the concept of "Wind", to establish the causes of its occurrence;
Get acquainted with some types of winds, devices that allow you to measure wind speed and determine its direction;
Find out the role of the wind and the possibility of using it by man;
study and analyze the literature on the topic.
Conduct observations and experiments. Based on the results of my observations, find out in which direction the wind blew in our area in March, April and in the summer months.

Object of study: wind.

Subject of study: Direction of the wind

Hypothesis: Is it true that a warm wind in March promises the same warm but rainy summer. Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind for the whole summer in the direction of the wind on Palm Sunday - April 24, 2016.

Chapter 1

1. Guess the riddle:

Though armless, but it happens

The pines are uprooted,

So sometimes he gets angry.

Just that he was everywhere -

A moment - and it is nowhere. (wind)

Guessed? It's… the wind.

At the lesson of the surrounding world, our teacher told us about natural phenomena. It turned out that nature is filled with many different phenomena, interesting, beautiful and even frightening. We want to dedicate our work to such a phenomenon as the wind.

It is impossible to see the wind, but it is impossible not to notice how it sways the crowns of trees, drives clouds into the distance, circles snowflakes.

There are songs and poems about the wind. Many literary heroes turn to the wind for help. There are many folk signs associated with the wind.

We liked these:

● A warm wind in March promises an equally warm but rainy summer.

● The wind that blows on Palm Sunday will prevail throughout the summer.

I became interested:what is "wind"? Where does it come from and why does it blow? What is the importance of the wind to humans? Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind from folk signs?

These are the questions we will find answers to in our work.

Experience #1

What is the wind?

To understand what the wind is, we took the turntables and went outside: I noticed that the turntables did not move at first. And as soon as the wind blew, they began to spin, quietly at first, and then stronger and stronger.

Conclusion: Wind is the movement of air.

Experience No. 2

We can check this conclusion in other experiments by trying to create a wind with our own hands:

With the help of a fan:

I took the fan and waved it at me. I felt cool, breeze. I made the air move.

With a balloon:

I blew up a balloon, but didn't tie it. The air began to come out again, and I again felt the breeze.

But the air can be both warm and cold.

To test this, we conducted the following experiment.

Experience number 3 cold and warm air.

When I sat down on the floor, I felt cold. And when I climbed onto the second floor of the bed, I felt warm.

Conclusion: The wind is first formed from two layers of air, and only then it starts to blow..

It turns out that cold and warm air move differently. We also verified this experimentally.

Experience No. 4 movement of cold and warm air.

I opened the balcony door and lowered the lighted candle on the threshold. The flame of the candle began to deviate towards the door. Then I moved the candle up - the flame of the candle began to deviate towards the room.

Conclusion: Warm air rises, it is light. And heavy cold air rushes down to the place of warm air.

Air moves continuously, it constantly rises and falls, and also moves horizontally.

It is the horizontal movements of air that we we call it wind.

Each wind has its own name.

The name of the wind gets on the side of the horizon, from where it blows.

the north wind blows from the north

the south wind blows from the south

the west wind blows from the west

the east wind blows from the east

southwest wind blowing from the southwest

northwest wind blows from the northwest

southeast wind blows from the southeast

northeast wind blows from the northeast

Determine from which side the wind is blowing and with what force we can use a special device - a weather vane.

Slow air movement it's a breeze. I watched a light breeze when I was relaxing with my parents at sea.

Strong wind is the rapid movement of air. Such winds are called hurricanes or typhoons. And under thunderclouds, tornadoes or tornadoes can occur. Such winds can cause enormous damage: they destroy houses, overturn cars, knock down power line masts. Sometimes it does not do without human victims.

How does the wind help a person

But the power of the wind has long been used by man.

In travels and discoveries (navigation, balloons);

As a source of clean energy;

Wind is an important factor in climate formation, formation and movement of clouds, erosion of the planet's surface; an assistant in the transfer of plant seeds and the fertilization of plants by pollen.

Conclusion: So the wind can be not only an enemy, but also a friend of a person.

Is it possible to determine the direction of the wind by folk signs?

What are omens

The very word "sign" was formed from the words - note, notice. The first signs began to appear in ancient times, at a time when people first began to closely observe the world around them, the behavior of animals, weather changes, and the like. Even such trifles as the color and shape of the clouds gave people something to think about.

A sign is a phenomenon, an event that is popularly considered a harbinger of something.

According to the duration of action, signs are long-term and short-term.

You can determine the weather not only by local signs: clouds, precipitation, the moon, stars. But also for living beings: animals and plants.

We were interested in the signs associated with the wind. Since in Chelyabinsk, according to the city weather station, 76% of the days of the year are windy. The average wind speed is 2-5 m/s. Strong winds with a speed of 15 m/s and more are observed annually, more often in the month of May, on average, 14-16 days with strong winds are observed per year.

Chapter 2

To find out whether it is possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs, we organized a weather observation.

We liked these signs associated with the wind:

● "A warm breeze in March promises an equally warm but rainy summer"

● "The wind that blows on Palm Sunday will prevail throughout the summer"

To test your hypothesis: “Is it true that a warm wind in March promises the same warm but rainy summer”

I kept a weather diary, where I noted the direction of the wind throughout March 2016, as well as precipitation and air temperature in the summer months.

To find out if the wind was warm in March, and these are southerly winds, I made a wind rose for a given period of time.

In March, warm southerly winds prevailed.

The air temperature throughout the summer months was quite high: it did not fall below 18 degrees, and the highest - the air temperature was in August - 34 degrees.

For the entire summer period there were 34 days of rainy and cloudy weather.

Thus, a popular sign: "A warm wind in March promises the same warm, but also rainy summer." partially confirmed.

To test my hypothesis: “Is it possible to predict the direction of the wind for the whole summer in the direction of the wind on Palm Sunday?” I also kept an observation diary in which I noted the direction of the wind in the summer and noted the direction of the wind on Palm Sunday.

I got these results:

If you believe the sign, then the prevailing wind in the summer months should also be northwesterly.

Having built a wind rose for the summer months of June, July and August, I got the following results:

In my experience

in June, the north and northwest wind prevailed

in July, the north and northwest wind prevailed

in August prevailed - south and southwest wind

Thus, the popular sign "The wind that blows on Palm Sunday will prevail throughout the summer" was partially confirmed.

CONCLUSION: Summarizing the data obtained, I came to the conclusion that in most cases it is not always possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs.

In the course of my research work, I learned a lot about such a natural phenomenon as the wind. I learned about the causes of its occurrence, about the impact on human life and the world around. And found out that it is not always possible to predict the direction of the wind according to folk signs.

Thank you for your attention!

Control and measuring materials.

TYPES OF HEAT TRANSFER

What method of heat transfer is based on water heating?

a) thermal conductivity; b) convection; c) radiation.

1. What is the method of heat transfer to heat water in a pan on a gas stove? a) thermal conductivity; b) convection; c) radiation

Double frames keep out the cold because the air between them has…. Thermal conductivity. (bad, good)

2. So that fruit trees do not freeze, their tree trunks are covered with sawdust for the winter. Sawdust has ... ... thermal conductivity (bad, good)

What substances have the highest thermal conductivity?

3. What substances have the highest thermal conductivity?

What substances have the lowest thermal conductivity?

a) paper; b) straw; c) silver; d) cast iron.

4. What substances have the lowest thermal conductivity?

a) air; b) fur; c) aluminum; d) lead.

What color is the outer surface of airplanes, artificial Earth satellites, balloons painted in order to avoid overheating? ().

5. In which of the listed bodies does heat transfer occur mainly through heat conduction? a) air; b) brick; c) water.

Two identical sheets of tinplate are nailed to the plank. Inner part one of them is covered with soot, and the other is left shiny. Matches are glued to the outer surface of the sheets with wax. A metal ball is placed between the sheets. Will the matches fall off the sheets of tin at the same time?

6. One flask is covered with soot, the other is whitewashed with lime. They are filled with hot water of the same temperature. In which flask will water cool faster?

Will the temperature of a body change if it absorbs more radiation energy than it emits?

7. Is it possible to predict what direction the wind will have near the sea with the onset of autumn cold weather?

a) it is impossible; b) from sea to land; c) from land to sea; d) during the day from land to sea, at night from sea to land.

In which direction will the air move on a hot summer day?

8. The air in the room is heated by a water heating radiator. In which direction is he moving?

. Closed tasks option 2

What is a scientific hypothesis?

BUT experienced fact;
B assumption and the nature of the phenomenon;
AT physical quantity;

G law formula.

When a body is cooled, its volume...

BUT increases;
B does not change;
AT decreases.

The swimmer feels cold after swimming, because ....

BUT skin radiation increases;
B AT water evaporation occurs.

Determine the basic property of convection

BUT There is no material transfer.

B Heat transfer occurs through the transfer of matter.

AT Convection is independent of the heater.

G Convection is observed in nature and is used in technology.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is determined by the formula Wherein the specific heat capacity of a substance ...

BUT depends on body weight;
B depends on the amount of heat;
AT depends on all three parameters;

G does not depend on these values.

Is it possible and why is heat transfer in liquids by convection on orbiting space stations?

BUT No, because there is weightlessness.
B No, heat transfer is impossible in zero gravity.
AT Yes, heated layers of liquid always rise up.

G Yes, because heating occurs.

A heated metal ball is lowered into a calorimeter filled with water. In this case, the internal energy of the system "water ball "…

BUT increased;
B hasn't changed;
AT decreased.

Graphs of the dependence of the mass of the molten substance on the amount of heat received are given. Compare the values ​​of the specific heat of fusion of substances.

BUTλ 1 > λ 2;
Bλ 1 = λ 2 ;
ATλ1< λ 2 .

The boy poured water from the tap into one vessel, and into the other - boiled water at the same temperature. If you put them on the same burner, then the water will boil ...

BUT faster in the first vessel;
B faster in the second vessel;
AT the same in both vessels.

The transfer of energy from a candle to water occurs due to ...

BUT radiation;
B convection;
AT thermal conductivity.

Which statement lists only physical quantities?

BUT internal energy, heat transfer, work;

B energy, temperature, work;

AT energy, steam, condensation.

. Closed jobs option!

Read the tasks, think, choose one correct answer in the proposed answers, and write the corresponding letter in the table on a separate sheet. Each answer is worth two points.

Formula Q= cm(t 2 - t 1 ) describes the phenomenon...

BUT evaporation;
B convection;
AT melting;

G heat transfer.

When a body is heated, its volume ...

BUT increases;
B does not change;
AT decreases.

When transferring a book from a chair to a table, its inner energy...

BUT increased;
B hasn't changed;
AT decreased.

The wind makes it easier to endure the heat, because…

BUT skin radiation increases;
B the thermal conductivity of air decreases;
AT the rate of evaporation of sweat droplets increases.

Which of the following descriptions can be considered a model of heat conduction?

BUT The amount of heat is transferred from one body to another.

B Part of the internal energy passes from one body to another.

AT The intense oscillatory motion of some particles of the body is transmitted by interaction to other particles.

G With heat conduction, the temperature changes.

The vessels contain water at room temperature. Pieces of ice with masses of 1, 2 and 3 kg, respectively, are lowered into them. After the ice melts in the vessels, the temperature will be ...

1 2 3

BUT higher in the first;
B higher in the second;
AT higher in the third;

G the same.

200 g of water were poured into vessels with the same bottom area. If you put them on the same burner, then the water will boil ...

BUT faster in the first vessel;
B faster in the second;
AT the same in both vessels.

Compare room temperatures according to the graphs built for them.

BUT in the first more;
B in the second more;
AT are the same.

Why does steam burn at 100 0 C, stronger than a water burn at the same temperature?

BUT steam more quickly communicates the amount of energy to the body;
B steam has a large surface of contact with the body;
AT when steam condenses, additional energy is imparted to the body.

The energy imparted to the liquid during boiling is spent on ...

BUT steam generation;
B an increase in the temperature of the liquid;
AT increase in steam temperature.

Two bars were dipped into hot water. The first one received 300 J of energy, the second - 100 J. The first bar has ... mass, ... the first.

BUT greater ... than ...;
B smaller ... than ...;
AT the same...as...

During the combustion of fuel, energy is released, which can be calculated by the formula ...

BUT Q= lm;
B Q= λm;
AT Q= qm.

Tasks for the test

1. Internal energy and ways to change it.

1. The internal energy of the body depends ...

A) the speed of the body.

B) From the energy of motion of the particles that make up the body.

C) The energy of interaction of molecules.

D) The energy of a body raised above the Earth.

2. A kettle of water was put on fire and water was boiled. How has the internal energy of water changed?

A) heat transfer.

b) When doing work.

3. There is gas in the vessel. In order for the internal energy of the gas to decrease, it is necessary ...

A) Compress the gas.

B) Increase the volume of gas.

4. When sharpening, the ax heats up. What is the way to change the internal energy of an ax?

A) heat transfer.

b) When doing work.

2. Types of heat transfer.

1. Radiation.

2. Thermal conductivity.

3. Melting.

4. Convection.

5. Boil.

6. Refraction

3. Units for measuring the amount of heat.

Answers to the test

Tasks:

1. The type of heat transfer in which energy is transferred from the heated end of the body to the cold one, but the substance itself does not move, is called. . .

A. Radiation.

B. Thermal conductivity.

B. Convection.

2. What is the amount of heat?

A. The amount of internal energy required to heat a substance by 1 °C.

B. Part of the internal energy that the body gains or loses during heat transfer.

C. The amount of internal energy required to heat a 1 kg substance by 1 °C.

D. Part of the internal energy that the body receives when work is done on it.

3. The amount of heat spent on heating the body depends on. . .

A. Masses, volumes and types of matter.

B. Changes in its temperature, density and type of substance.

B. Body mass, its density and temperature changes.

D. Type of substance, its mass and temperature changes.

4. In what units is internal energy measured?

A. J.

B.W.

W. °C.

G. J/kg °C

5. In what units is the specific heat capacity measured?

A. J.

B.W.

W. °C.

G. J/kg °C

6. In what units is the specific heat of combustion of fuel measured?

A. J.

B.W.

W. °C.

G.J/kg

7. The specific heat capacity of lead is 140 J/kg °C. This means that for heating.

A. Lead weighing 140 kg per 1 °C requires 1 J of energy.

B. Lead weighing 1 kg at 140 ° C requires 1 J of energy.

B. Lead weighing 1 kg per 1 °C requires 140 J of energy.

D. Lead weighing 1 kg at 140 ° C requires 140 J of energy.

8. Fuel usage based. . .

A. On the decomposition of molecules into atoms, in which energy is released.

B. On the connection of atoms into molecules, in which energy is released.

9. What does the expression mean: “specific heat of combustion hard coal q = 27 ∙10 6 "? This means that with complete combustion. . .

A. Coal weighing 1 kg is released 27 ∙10 6 J of energy.

B. Coal weighing 27 kg stands out 10 6 J of energy.

B. Coal weighing 27 ∙10 6 kg releases 1 J of energy.

G. Coal volume 1 m 3 releases 27 ∙10 6 J of energy.

10. Thermal conductivity is the type of heat transfer in which energy. . .

A. Carried by the particles of matter themselves.

B. It is transmitted from the heated end of the body to the cold, but the substance itself does not move.

B. Transmitted by rays.

11. What amount of heat will be released when 20 g of alcohol is cooled by 6 ° C?

12. How much heat is released during the complete combustion of 50 g of alcohol? Specific heat of combustion of alcohol q = 30 ∙10 6 J/kg.

10-12

Score in points

Test No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-B1

1. Calculate the amount of heat required to heat a 1kg iron iron to change its temperature by 150ºC. Specific heat capacity of iron 460 J/(kg ºC)

2. What mass of gasoline must be burned to obtain 2.3 10³ J / kg of energy? The specific heat of combustion of gasoline is 4.6 10 J/kg.

3. What energy is required to melt aluminum weighing 200kg and having a temperature of 20ºC? The melting point of aluminum is 660ºC, the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 920 J/(kg·ºC), the specific heat of melting of aluminum is 390 kJ/kg.

4. In what weather do puddles from rain dry out more quickly: in calm or windy weather? in warm or cold? How can this be explained?

5. What is the method of heat transfer for heating water in a pan on a gas stove? Explain the answer.

Examination No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-B2

1. How much heat is needed to heat zinc from 10ºC to 110ºC

parts weighing 5 kg? The specific heat capacity of zinc is 400 J/(kg ºC).

2. How much heat will be released during the combustion of 1 ton of anthracite? The specific heat of combustion of anthracite is 1.4 10 J/kg.

3. What amount of energy is needed to convert 0.5 kg of alcohol, taken at a temperature of 10ºC, into vapor? The specific heat capacity of alcohol is 2500 J/(kg ºC), the boiling point of alcohol is 78ºC, the specific heat of alcohol conversion is 0.9 10 J/kg.

4. Why is a plowed field more heated by solar radiation than a green meadow?

5. On the surface of the moon at night, the temperature drops to -170ºC. Is it possible to measure such a temperature with mercury and alcohol thermometers?

Examination No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-B3

1. How much heat must be spent to heat water weighing 20 kg from 25ºC to 80ºC? The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg ºC).

2. How much heat will be released during the complete combustion of 500 kg of peat? The specific heat of combustion of peat is 1.4 10 J/kg.

3. Determine the energy required to turn 2 kg of ice at 0ºC into water at 40ºC. The specific heat of ice melting is 3.4 10³ J/kg, the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg ºC).

4. Does the thermal conductivity of gases, liquids and solids differ? Explain your answer in terms of the molecular structure of the substance.

5. Why does it get a little cooler after rain?

Examination No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-C1

1. Complete combustion of charcoal released 68 MJ of energy. How much firewood burned? The specific heat of combustion of the fuel is 3.4 10 J/kg.

2. Why are double glazing used in residential buildings? Explain the answer.

3. How much heat is needed to heat an iron part with a volume

150 cm³ at 20ºC ? The specific heat capacity of iron is 460 J/(kg ºC), the density of iron is 7800 kg/m³.

4. How does it change internal structure solid body when it melts? Why does the temperature of a crystalline body not change during the entire melting process?

5. The length of a rectangular aquarium is 1m, width 40cm and depth 20cm. What amount of heat was received by water for heating from 25 to 100ºC and vaporization of 2 kg of water? The density of water is 1000 kg/m³, the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg ºC), the specific heat of vaporization is 2.3 10 J/kg.

Examination No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-C2

1. Which brick - solid or porous - provides better thermal insulation of the building? Justify the answer.

2. The temperature of a 10x5x2 cm lead plate is reduced from 300 to 100ºC. How much heat does the plate transfer to the surrounding bodies? The specific heat capacity of lead is 140 J/(kg ºC), its density is 11300 kg/m³.

3. When burning coal, 210 MJ of energy was released. Determine the mass of burned coal. The specific heat of combustion of the fuel is 3 10 J/kg.

4. One glass contains cold water weighing 200g, in the other - hot of the same mass. Which glass has the highest internal energy? Explain your answer using knowledge of the molecular structure of matter.

5. How much heat is needed to melt copper weighing 500g, taken at a temperature of 50ºC? The specific heat capacity of copper is 400 J/(kg ºC), the specific heat of fusion of copper is 180 kJ/kg, the melting point of copper is 1083 ºС.

Examination No. 1 on the topic "Thermal phenomena" -8 class-C3

1. The jar contains 1 liter of hot water at a temperature of 80ºC. What will be the temperature of water if 100g of ice at 0ºC is thrown into it? Water density 1000kg/m³, specific heat capacity of water 4200 J/(kg ºC), specific heat capacity of ice 2100 J/(kg ºC), specific heat of ice melting....

2. Most low temperature air -88.3ºC was registered in 1960 in Antarctica at the Vostok scientific station. What thermometer can be used in this place on Earth? Explain the answer.

3. How much heat will be released during the complete combustion of 5m³ of dry firewood? The density of dry firewood is 400 kg/m³, the specific heat of combustion of dry firewood is 1 10 J/kg.

4. Where should radiators be placed to heat the room evenly? Justify your answer.

5. How much water can be heated by 10ºC with 84 kJ of energy? The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg ºC).

Evaluation of written examinations.

Grade 5 is given for work done completely without errors or omissions.

Grade 4 is set for the work performed in full, but if it contains no more than one blunder and one defect, no more than three defects.

Grade 3 is set if the student correctly completed at least 2/3 of the entire work or made no more than one gross error and two shortcomings, no more than one gross and one non-gross error, no more than three non-gross errors, one non-gross error and three shortcomings, in the presence of four five shortcomings.

Grade 2 is set if the number of errors and shortcomings exceeded the norm for grade 3 or less than 2/3 of the entire work was correctly performed