The first group of disability what diseases. How to get a disability and what documents are needed for its registration. Diseases of a neuropsychic nature

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For the citizens of our country, this issue is extremely relevant at all times. People with serious health problems want to know everything about how to get financial support from the state. However, no one can say exactly what diseases give disability. There is simply no clear list of diseases. The medical and labor commission, which makes a decision on granting benefits, pays attention not to the diagnosis itself, but to the degree of severity of body dysfunctions that limit certain possibilities in the process of life.

List of diseases for which disability is given

Despite the fact that MSEC members are more interested in the severity of the disease and the severity of complications, experts can name a wide range of diseases in which the state willingly meets and assigns a disability group. The form of benefits and the amount of financial support will depend on many factors that accompany the course of the disease.

1 group

People with persistent health disorders can apply for the establishment of the first group of disability. The reason for the deterioration of the condition does not matter. This may be an acquired disease, a birth defect, or the consequences of a serious injury. The determining factor for the VTE commission is the loss of legal capacity, due to which a person is deprived of the opportunity to exist without constant outside help. Typical cases of health disorders that are the basis for assigning the first group of disability include the following diseases:

paralysis of the ODS ( musculoskeletal system);
vegetative state;
blindness;
deafness;
limb deformity;
complex neuropsychological diseases;
persistent dysfunction of internal organs.

The VTE commission assigns the first group of disability to people who have lost the ability to learn, work and control their behavior by 90-100%. The assignment of this allowance provides many social benefits, including the right to free movement in public transport, service in public medical institutions out of turn, a discount on payment utilities and much more.

2 group

The basis for assigning the second group of disability is the loss of the ability to study and work by 60-80%. People who are awarded this allowance are able to perform the most basic self-care activities. The second group of disability, as a rule, implies a lifelong exemption from work, however, in some cases, a person still retains the right to work. The following are examples of diseases for which a second disability group can be established:

epilepsy (regardless of the genesis and features of the manifestation);
hearing loss (complete / almost complete);
progressive partial paralysis;
oncological diseases;
dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
some mental / nervous diseases;
lack of vision (complete / almost complete);
anatomical defects;
heart/renal failure.

3 group

Diseases that give disability of the third group do not deprive a person of the ability to fully carry out labor activity, therefore the right to work is preserved. However, restrictions are set on some areas of activity associated with factors that can worsen health. Obtaining a disability of the third group is possible with the following diseases:

kidney failure;
decreased visual acuity / hearing;
difficulty breathing;
violations of the functions of the ODS (musculoskeletal system) and the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).

Perpetual

As a rule, when establishing a disability group, the medical labor commission sets a period for re-examination. This means that the patient is required to systematically undergo an examination to confirm their state of health. The recertification period is determined by MSEC members. In some cases, sickness benefit is awarded for life. This is possible if one of the following social circumstances takes place:

the citizen has reached retirement age;
the next medical re-examination is scheduled for the date following the retirement age;
disability of the second / first group is confirmed annually for 15 years;
group promotion;
in old age, if the first group of disability was confirmed during the previous 5 years;
the citizen is a WWII veteran;
a citizen received a disability due to an illness received in the defense of the homeland before the Second World War;

In addition, the legislation provides for a number of circumstances related to the state of human health, in which the period for re-examination is not established. The list below will tell you which diseases give indefinite disability:

malignant tumors of various localizations and forms;
incurable benign tumors in the cerebral cortex;
diseases of the central nervous system nervous system), causing deviations in motor skills and the work of the sense organs;
dementia;
severe diseases of a nervous nature;
degenerative processes in the cerebral cortex;
complete loss of hearing/vision;
severe progressive pathologies of internal organs;
severe deformities in the joints;
mechanical damage to the skull and brain;
lower/upper limb defects (including amputations).

Is it possible to get a disability

Citizens of the Russian Federation are interested in the possibility of obtaining benefits and material state assistance for congenital chronic ailments and dysfunctions acquired in the course of life. Below you will find detailed answers about the possibilities of obtaining disability for some serious diseases that hundreds of thousands of our compatriots face.

With a hernia of the spine

A herniated disc is a complex and incredibly dangerous disease. Methods of treatment of this disease have long been defined. Medical techniques have been repeatedly tested in practice, but they do not give a guaranteed successful outcome. In some cases, medicine recognizes itself as powerless. Patients who cannot be cured by known methods are assigned a disability. The group is determined taking into account the severity.

With diabetes

A common chronic disease, diabetes mellitus, belongs to the list of pathologies in which disability is given. In Russia, citizens suffering from this disease almost always receive benefits. It does not matter what type of disease is in the diagnosis. When a person with diabetes turns to the VTE commission, an examination of working capacity is carried out. Based on its results, a disability group is determined.

After a stroke

The results of statistical studies suggest that only 1 out of 5 people who have had a stroke can 100% return to normal life. The consequences of a brain stroke are usually irreparable. A stroke leads to partial disability, so the state willingly assigns disability. To apply for the allowance, you need to contact the VTE commission and submit documents confirming the fact of a deterioration in health. The disability certificate issued in such cases requires an annual re-examination.

Neurology

Serious neurological disorders are also included in the list of diseases that give the right to receive a disability. The legislative framework of the Russian Federation provides for a wide list of violations in terms of neurology and psychiatry, upon detection of which a person is assigned a group corresponding to the level of disability. These include syndromes with cerebral palsy, meningitis, sclerosis and other diseases.

If a child with neurological abnormalities is born in the family, parents will be able to apply to the VTE commission. To correctly submit documents, you need to know exactly what neurological diseases give disability. An appropriate medical examination will be required. Based on the expert opinion, the commission will assign a disability group. If the identified violations are classified as “severe”, the state will pay solid material support for life.

By sight

Severe eye disorders (loss of vision by more than 60%) often become a reason for assigning disability and receiving benefits with monthly payments from the state treasury. Systematic re-examination in such cases, as a rule, is not required. In view of the fact that people with similar problems are not able to serve themselves on their own, a guardian is selected from the circle of relatives, who must find out how they give a disability group and arrange everything Required documents.

After removal of the gallbladder

Patients suffering from severe forms of gallstone disease and / or cholecystitis are prescribed treatment in a hospital setting. Modern medicine knows many approaches to eliminate these problems, but in rare cases they do not help. Doctors have to resort to the most extreme measures - to remove the gallbladder. After that, the state of health returns to normal, but there can no longer be talk of full capacity for work. To receive assistance from the state, a person should learn how to apply for a disability and contact the VTE commission.

After a heart attack

Consulting with specialists about what diseases give disability, you will not be able to find out anything specific about myocardial infarction. Despite the seriousness and insidiousness of this heart disease, the VTE commission will consider only the presence of severe complications and high blood pressure to be sufficient grounds for assigning disability.

What group of disability is working

If you have serious health problems that may be a reason for disability, be prepared to leave your job forever. The right to work is reserved only for the disabled of the third group. Even the most experienced drivers, turners, mechanics, electricians and welders will not be able to find official work with a second or first disability group. For this reason, some people apply for benefits after retirement.

Video: disability determination procedure

After reviewing the video below, you will learn even more about the diseases for which they give a disability group and understand what exactly needs to be done to achieve this. The issue of obtaining state benefits hides many nuances, so you should find out everything properly before proceeding with registration. Listen to the recommendations of experts so as not to waste too much time.

Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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The issue of granting disability to citizens of the Russian Federation has always been acute at all state levels.

But if officials and doctors know who and for what they can give a group, then ordinary citizens do not.

This is especially true for the second group of disabilities. For this reason, we will consider the issues of interest to this category of citizens. Who is eligible to apply? For what diseases can you get an indefinite disability?

Legislative regulation of the issue

Recognition is governed by legislative acts:

Decree of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of December 2009, which describes the types of diseases;
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 247, which contains a detailed list of diseases that give the right to an indefinite group;
Federal Law No. 181, which clearly defines who has the right to claim a disability.

This list of laws is not exhaustive for citizens with disabilities, but they show in detail the position of the state when receiving any group.

Types of diseases and criteria for establishing a group

According to the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of December 2009, all diseases for which you can get a 2nd disability group divided into categories, namely:

In most cases, the second group can be obtained only if there is a moderate severity of the course of the disease.

partial possibility of self-service. For example, a person is not able to go outside without outside help, take public transport, and so on;
to communicate with people, you need the help of third parties;
inability to adequately respond to the surrounding reality. This refers to the need for a significant amount of time to determine where the location of a person and his spatial orientation;
there is no possibility of education on the same level with other citizens. There is an urgent need for specialized training centers;
the implementation of labor activity is possible only when the proper conditions are created.

FROM complete list diseases can be found in the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of December 23, 2009.

Perpetual registration

A complete list of all types of diseases for which you can apply for the assignment of the second group of disability indefinitely is described in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 247 of April 7, 2008.

The list itself includes 23 diseases, the main of which are considered to be:

At the same time, it must be remembered without fail: disability can be assigned no later than two years ago from the time the person was recognized as disabled.

The procedure for passing the ITU

To receive any disability group, including the second, there is a certain action algorithm, which is as follows:

Where to apply?

To receive a referral to the ITU commission, you must contact your general practitioner at your place of residence.

In addition to the attending physician can provide:

in social protection;
or in the Pension Fund.

There are situations when the applicant receives a refusal to issue a referral. In such a situation, he has every right to apply directly to the ITU Commission.

What list of documents is needed?

One of the main documents is referral to the ITU Commission, which describes the disease and the methods used to eliminate it in therapy.

In addition, it is necessary prepare such a list of documents:

a statement that can be drawn up in one's own hand or by a trusted person (if the applicant for disability cannot write personally for health reasons);
original and copy of all completed pages of the passport;
in the presence of work experience, it is necessary to present the original and a copy of the work book;
a characteristic that can be drawn up by the immediate head of the enterprise where the person works or the educational institution, if the applicant is a minor.
original certificate of average salary.

In the event that disability has come for a reason, it is imperative to present an appropriate act.

The new rules for applying for disability are described in the following video:

To whom and when they give an indefinite disability group, as well as a lot of other information, you will learn by reading this article.

A person who has received a disability and all the social benefits attached to such a status is obliged to undergo repeated medical examinations at certain intervals.

In case of refusal to pass medical expertise, he loses his status as a disabled person and can no longer use the social support that the state provides to citizens with handicapped.

However, there are cases when disability is given indefinitely. These rules apply to both adults and children with disabilities.

When is it possible to get permanent disability?

The law provides for cases where annual re-examination is not required. In particular, indefinite disability can be obtained by people who have reached a certain age (for men - 60 years, for women - 55 years).

As well as disabled people, the deadline for the next medical commission, which is appointed after reaching this age. Military personnel who received a disability as a result of hostilities or during their service. WWII invalids.

In addition, in order to save disabled people with incurable diseases from running around medical institutions and the hassle that invariably accompanies re-examination, a group of diseases was identified in which disability is assigned indefinitely, without the need for re-examinations.

For this purpose, a list of ailments has been created in which the condition of a disabled person cannot improve, regardless of medical or rehabilitation measures.

When disability is issued indefinitely

Any malignant tumors with recurrences that occur after undergoing radical treatment. Metastases with an undetermined underlying cause and lack of effect from treatment. Tumors that do not respond to therapy with a pronounced change for the worse in the state of health, accompanied by signs of intoxication and tumor decay.
Non-cancerous neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord that cannot be surgically removed. In this case, the development of the tumor is accompanied by a violation of speech or motor functions, deterioration of vision and movement of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Operation to remove the larynx.
Severe mental retardation, acquired, senile or congenital dementia.
Diseases of the central nervous system that cannot be cured and are accompanied by disorders of the motor, visual, and speech apparatus.
Hereditary genetic and developing neuromuscular ailments causing muscle atrophy, complete or partial loss of motor functions.
Degenerative pathologies of the brain that do not respond to treatment.
Irreversible pathologies of the vessels and (or) the retina, as well as the optic nerve. Eye diseases leading to complete loss of vision in both eyes, for which treatment is not effective. Irreversible diseases leading to a narrowing of the field of view up to 10 degrees.
Complete deafness, which excludes the possibility of installing endoprostheses that allow restoring hearing.
Complete loss of sight and hearing.
Ailments associated with high blood pressure accompanied by severe lesions of the central nervous system (disorders of visual, speech, motor functions, paralysis). Incurable renal failure 2 and 3 degrees. Diseases of the heart muscle accompanied by impaired blood supply and coronary insufficiency. Ischemic disease hearts.
Cirrhosis of the liver, which is accompanied by a significant increase in the size of the liver and spleen, as well as increased blood pressure in the portal vein system of the 3rd degree.
Incurable fecal and urinary fistulas and surgically created holes in the intestines or urinary system.
Immobility of the upper and lower large joints resulting from the fusion of bone endings, in the absence of the possibility of prosthetics. Loss of mobility of the upper or lower extremities as a result of scarring of the skin or tendons (contact).
Complete loss of kidney function.
Congenital pathologies of the musculoskeletal system with incurable disorders of the musculoskeletal functions, excluding the possibility of correction or recovery.
Injuries of the brain and spinal cord as a result of which motor, visual or speech functions are impaired.
Severe defects, deformation or amputation of the upper and lower extremities.

Video: Prove that you are not a camel: will disability become permanent?

After what period of time do they give an indefinite disability group

If a medical special commission recognizes a person as disabled due to serious illnesses not amenable to cure or correction, while all rehabilitation and treatment procedures were not effective, disability can be recognized as lifelong.

In the case of serious irreversible pathologies described above, lifelong disability is given no later than two years.

Not later than four years, an indefinite disability can be obtained if it is revealed that all medical and rehabilitation procedures have not led to the elimination of a disease that limits the degree of a person’s life activity or alleviation of the patient’s condition.

Not later than six years, they give indefinite disability to people who have a relapse of a malignant tumor or a change for the worse in their general condition caused by a complication of the underlying disease.

Most often, an indefinite disability of any group is also assigned when the patient has been in the same group for five years without improving or worsening.

When Can I Get Permanently Disabled?

Permanent disability can be removed if it is revealed that documents, certificates and examination results were falsified, if uncertified corrections in diagnoses are revealed. And also if the regulatory authorities reveal gross violations in the work of the commission that made the decision to recognize a person as disabled.

Video: The government approved the rules for establishing indefinite disability.

It is impossible to call the process of registration of disability pleasant and easy. In our country, people have to confirm for a long time with various certificates even such obvious things as disability of the first or second group.

But one has to overcome the barrier of one's own inferiority and documentally seek the assignment of disability in order to be entitled to preferential medical services, increased pensions and additional social benefits in the future. To save time and nerves, you need to know the basic nuances of disability registration.

Disability is called a persistent, long-term or permanent impairment of the possibility of socialization and ability to work, which is caused by a congenital or acquired disease, injury or injury.

Severe violations give the right to assign a disability physical health. But not all sick people are eligible for this status and the corresponding benefits.

The formalization of disability is available only when the disease is a serious hindrance to employment. This term includes legal and social concepts. The official assignment of the status of a disabled person may entail a change in working conditions or the termination of work, as well as the appointment of state social security in various forms.

The Russian Ministry of Health has established certain criteria and classifications on which the recognition of a person as a disabled person is based. Some suffer from serious illnesses and believe that they are entitled to social benefits for disability, but do not take any action to prove this officially. And just a personal opinion is not enough.

The main criterion is the presence of a persistent pathology that limits the normal life activity (labor activity, independent movement) of people.

A medical specialist who realistically assesses the health and capabilities of the patient can advise a person to apply for disability. For example, the reason for obtaining the above status is a stroke. The disability group will depend on the severity of the course of the disease and its consequences.

The reason for the appointment of a medical examination will be:

Loss of ability to work.
Restriction of some body functions (speech, movement).

Some people associatively believe that myocardial infarction is always a reason for assigning a disability group. But this is not so if the patient has fully recovered and can continue working. The truth here much depends on the type of occupation. If it is associated with excessive physical activity, this fact will be taken into account in the conduct of the medical and social examination.

Assignment of disability for oncological diseases is a controversial issue. For example, skin cancer is not such a serious illness, as it does not prevent the continuation of work. The only diseases for which a life-long disability group is given are tumors of the brain and spinal cord, leukemia.

As for the amputation of limbs, there are some nuances here. Factors such as:

The state of the stump.
Cause of limb loss.
Age.
Profession.
What part of the limb was amputated.

Serious visual impairment, its complete loss necessarily entail the assignment of disability. The group will depend on the degree of low vision.

Mental disorders belong to a separate category of diseases, in the diagnosis of which a person receives a disability group:

Mild forms of mental disorders - the first group.
Seizures and dementia are the second group.
The patient is not able to assess himself adequately and lead a normal life - the first group is assigned.

To obtain the status of a disabled person, a person must apply to the bureau for a medical and social examination at the place of his residence. The patient can do this at the direction of the doctor or at personal discretion.

Required documents

You will need to provide the following documents:

Passport and its copy.
Medical card from the clinic.
Completed application.
Referral for examination.
Sick leave, if any.
Records of medical examinations carried out.
A copy of the work book or employment contract.
Information about injuries or chronic diseases, if any.

The entire package of documents is submitted to the bureau, after which you can expect an invitation for examination.

A slightly different examination of a bedridden patient is carried out. He does not have the opportunity to come for an examination, so relatives can agree with the doctor on an examination in a hospital. There is an option to issue a disability in absentia, having received a power of attorney to perform such actions from a disabled person.

Procedure and procedure

Three representatives from the bureau usually participate in the medical and social examination. On the appointed day, the person is invited to the bureau. The examination itself includes:

Study of medical documents.
Examination of the patient.
Analysis of various (domestic, social, labor) living conditions of a citizen.

Based on the data obtained, the experts make their verdict. To qualify for a disability, the following conditions must be met:

Life restriction;
The need for rehabilitation;
Persistent pathological disorder of body functions.

A person can receive a disability group even if only two of the above conditions are met.

Record keeping is mandatory during the examination. In some cases, a citizen is recognized as disabled without assigning him a disability. The conclusions of the commission are documented in the form of an act that is given to the patient in his hands.

If a person is recognized as disabled, he must be assigned an individual rehabilitation program and issue relevant certificates. These documents are required for applying to the pension fund and social security authorities.

The result will be the registration of a disability pension and preferential payments.

Timing

The process of registration of disability takes place in several stages. The collection of documents and the passage of medical specialists takes approximately 7-10 days.

An examination can be scheduled no later than one month after the submission of documents. True, there is always a chance that it will take additional examinations and supporting documents. The decision to assign a disability must be made on the day of the examination. With a positive outcome, the necessary certificates and documents are issued within three days.

Registration of disability should not take more than two and a half months, taking into account all the nuances and possible problems.

It will take three to four months for a child to be given a disability. A medical and social examination is also carried out, to which the attending physician of the child should send.

If we are talking about a child with Down syndrome, you will need to obtain a conclusion of a genetic examination. An appropriate entry is made in the outpatient card. The following documents must be submitted to the Bureau:

Certificate certified by the clinic doctor.
outpatient card from medical institution for kids.
Registration information.
Documents proving the identity of the guardian or parents.
Application filled in the form.
Passport or birth certificate of the child.

When assigning a disability, a specific group is not assigned. The child is registered as a disabled person without a degree of severity. If we are talking about Down syndrome, disability is assigned for an eighteen-year period without the need for a re-examination.

Conditions for applying for a disability

Assignment of disability is carried out under certain conditions depending on the group.

First group:

Loss of ability to work.
Lack of self-service capability.
The need for the constant presence of an assistant.

Second group:

Persistent violations of the vital functions of the body.
Lack of normal ability to work (inability to work for a long time).
The need to provide specific working conditions.

Third group:

The creation of special working conditions is required.
The admission to the previous labor activity is prohibited due to the fact that harm to other people may be caused.
Lack of opportunity to work at the same place of work and engage in their professional activities.

If it is necessary to assign a certain disability group to a person, the reason must be reflected in the document. Specialists without fail justify why a person received exactly the first, second or third group. The justification of the reason must be detailed.

After a certain period of time, the patient will again have to undergo an examination for re-registration of disability. The terms of re-examination are appointed by specialists of the medical and social bureau.

It is important not to be afraid of possible difficulties. If you clearly know all the rules, paperwork will not take much time, but it will provide an opportunity to receive additional benefits and payments.

It will be useful for everyone to look at the list of diseases for obtaining a disability, because today disability is not uncommon, and many people need it. Disability can be caused by an accident, congenital or Occupational Illness. What criteria are taken into account when determining disability status? What diseases give disability of 1, 2, 3 groups? For these and others important questions we will answer in this article.

Disability is issued by those who cannot carry out mental, mental or physical activity due to their state of health. In Russia, disability is established by the relevant authorities, including the Medical and Social Expert Commission (MSEC). Such a procedure is of particular importance, both medical and legal. As a result of its implementation, a person who is not able to engage in full or partial labor activity acquires the right to receive a pension and social benefits. There are several categories of disability.

Categories of disability

Function restrictions are conditionally divided into the following categories:

diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
mental disorders;
diseases of the circulatory system;
diseases of the digestive system;
respiratory diseases;
violations of metabolic processes;
diseases of the sense organs, disorders of touch, smell, sight, hearing.

According to the law, different degrees of violations are determined. Based on the information received, a conclusion is made about the category of disability and the period for its provision. There are several levels of violations. The first degree provides for minor violations, the third - significant. To confirm the status of a disabled person, a certificate is issued for 1-2 years, sometimes for a longer period.

Disability groups

Consider each of the existing disability groups. The first group can be issued by people who are able to take care of themselves and do not need outside help. It is established on the basis of a specific list of diseases. The list of diseases for disability includes persistent visual impairment, hearing impairment, internal organs, throat and nose functions. Also, disability of the first group is issued for certain types of neuropsychiatric disorders, limb defects and their deformation.

Disability of the 2nd group is given to those who need the help of other people due to the presence of an illness of moderate severity. Some activities are available to the disabled of this group, but only at the workplace, which is specially equipped, and subject to the necessary conditions. In this case, disability is issued due to the definition of such diseases: persistent disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, kidney and heart failure, some diseases of the eyes and hearing organs, surgical diseases and diseases of a neuropsychic nature, anatomical defects. The third group of disability is provided to persons who do not need the help of other people. They are limited in the choice of workplace, because they are not able to perform tasks corresponding to the main specialty. The third group of disability is issued on the basis of data confirming the presence of kidney failure, certain diseases of the cardiovascular system and central nervous system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, diseases acquired as a result of professional activity injuries.

Criteria for determining disability

By establishing the status of disability and its group, MSEC draws attention to a person's ability to move, work, communicate, and take care of himself. Orientation and learning abilities are also taken into account. The procedure for determining disability is carried out no later than one month after the submission of all documents. The current legislation of the Russian Federation does not specify a specific list of diseases for obtaining a disability. But, at the same time, MSEC bodies carry out the procedure for determining restrictions and disability groups, guided by the following criteria:

the severity of the disease;
the specificity of the disease, as a result of the development of which a person is not able to work or can be engaged in labor activity partially, which would provide him with a full life;
restrictions that prevent a person from taking care of themselves;
the causes of the onset of the disease (congenital disorders, diseases that have arisen after an industrial or domestic injury, wounds resulting from hostilities, etc.).

An approximate list of diseases in the presence of which you can apply for disability

Not all diseases that are present in the list of diseases for which it is possible to obtain a certain status of disability, give the right to receive a disability. For example, a person who has been diagnosed with an oncological disease, after undergoing long-term rehabilitation, may be sent to a commission where a decision will be made to establish disability, which corresponds to the second group, for one year or to extend the validity of the sick leave without granting disabled status. After the expiration of the specified period, a second examination is necessary, according to the results of which the disability of the second group is extended or removed. Continuous sick leave can be valid for a maximum of 4 months, with interruptions - 6 months. Certain individuals are eligible for permanent disability:

men over the age of 60, women over the age of 50, disabled people who will have to undergo an examination again after a certain period has passed and the specified age has been reached;
disabled people of 1, 2 disability groups without changes in the degree of disability or with a deterioration in health over the past 15 years;
WWII invalids of the 1st and 2nd disability groups, citizens defending their homeland, having a disability acquired before the Second World War;
military personnel who received the status of disabled due to the occurrence of diseases during the period of service or after injuries.

Disability on an indefinite basis can be obtained by people who have:

benign brain tumors;
malignant tumors of any form and localization;
complete loss of hearing and vision;
severe nervous diseases;
diseases of the nervous system that change the functioning of the sense organs and motor skills;
severe diseases of internal organs that progress;
mental illnesses that cannot be cured;
degenerative disorders in the brain;
limb defects, their amputation.

To understand what diseases give disability, here is an approximate list of diseases that give the right to receive disability. Disability of groups 1, 2 and 3 is granted if the following diseases are detected:

Diseases of the internal organs

incurable malignant neoplasms;
heart defects accompanied by circulatory disorders of the 3rd degree (narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice, aortic valve defects and combined defects);
cirrhosis of the liver, in which there is a violation of the portal circulation;
hypertension of the third stage, manifested by organic changes in the fundus, heart muscle, kidneys and central nervous system;
severe diabetes mellitus, which has developed due to the presence of a tendency to coma or the presence of acetonuria;
coronary insufficiency (often it appears as a result of myocardial infarction and leads to third-degree circulatory disorders, significant changes in the heart muscle);
chronic forms of lung diseases that cause persistent cardiac respiratory failure of the third degree;
nephritis of a chronic nature, as a result of persistent renal failure (accompanied by such manifestations as a change in the fundus of the eye, an increased level of residual nitrogen in the blood and increased blood pressure, isostenuria, edema);
poor health resulting from total resection of the stomach or removal of the lung.

Note
The listed diseases, in which disability is given, do not require re-examination only in cases where the observation of a person who has received the status of a disabled person is carried out for two years.

Diseases of a neuropsychic nature

progressive paralysis, accompanied by severe dementia, which is not treatable;
epilepsy with severe dementia, manifested by frequent seizures;
chronic diseases of the central nervous system of an infectious nature that are progressing (encephalomyelitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis with impaired motor, visual and speech functions, which are clearly expressed, and with dropsy of the brain, which is progressing);
dementia due to schizophrenia;
persistent consequences of diseases and injuries of the spinal cord, manifested by severe disorders in the pelvic organs and the musculoskeletal system;
irreversible consequences of injuries from which the peripheral nerves were affected (paresis of the limb, clearly expressed with trophic disorders, paralysis of the limbs, hands);
violation of cerebral circulation, as a severe consequence of diseases of the cerebral vessels with hemiplegia, deep hemiparesis or psychosis with severe progressive dementia;
diseases of the central nervous system of a chronic nature, which progress and are a consequence of myopathy or myotonia, as well as tremor paralysis, manifested by severe disorders in the musculoskeletal system;
persistent disturbances in the functioning of the brain as a result of injuries (accompanied by dementia with aphasia, clearly pronounced disorders in the musculoskeletal system); disturbances in the brain with an extensive bone defect or the presence of a foreign body in the substance of the brain that appeared after injury (without re-examination, they are classified as diseases of the third group of disability);

Note
All of these diseases are included in the list of diseases in which they give disability groups 1, 2 and 3. The disability group, which is determined without re-examination, is provided after observation conducted by the VTEK commission or a medical institution for four years.

bilateral congenital deafness;
neoplasms in the brain and spinal cord that are inoperable;
oligophrenia (stage of imbecility or idiocy).

Note
Deafness is the inability to hear loud colloquial speech ear shells. It is included in the number of diseases of the third group of disability. It is possible to obtain a disability without re-examination.

Anatomical defects, deformities and diseases of a surgical nature

ankylosis, absence of fingers (three together with the first), absence of the first fingers on the hands, absence of two (first, second) or three fingers with metacarpal bones, pronounced contracture of the fingers, which differs in a functionally disadvantageous position;
defects of the upper limbs, their deformity: absence of the forearm, stump of the shoulder or hand, false joint (shoulder, both bones of the forearm), ankylosis of the elbow joint, in which it is impossible to perform the necessary functions at an angle of less than 60 or more than 150 degrees, dangling due to resection of the shoulder or elbow joint, the presence of only one finger of the hand (first);

Note
The above conditions, as a result of mutilations and injuries suffered during the period of hostilities, as well as those received at work or military service in the performance of duties, allow you to issue a disability of 1, 2, 3 groups.

foreign objects in the heart muscle or sac;
urinary and rock fistulas that are not treated;
defects of the lower extremities, their deformation;
leg and thigh stumps different levels, foot stump, as a result of osteoplastic surgery, bilateral stump and vicious stump at the level of the Lisfranc joint and Chopard joint, respectively;
false joint of both bones of the lower leg and false joint of the thigh;
dangling due to resection of the hip or knee joint;
clearly expressed ankylosis or contracture of the ankle joint, accompanied by a vicious position of the foot, significant violations of the functions of standing and walking;
ankylosis of the knee joint, in which there is its functionally unfavorable position at an angle of not more than 180 degrees, or a decrease in the limb after resection of the joint by 7 cm or more;
ankylosis or pronounced contracture of the hip joint;
defects of the jaw and hard palate if it is impossible to restore chewing function by prosthetics;
chest deformity that occurred after surgery - resection of five or more ribs in case of respiratory failure.

Note
Deformation of the chest after resection without re-examination refers to diseases that allow you to issue a disability of the third group, with re-examination - it is a reason for obtaining a disability of the second or third groups.

The most severe forms of lesions of the upper, lower extremities and multiple lesions also make it possible to issue a disability of the second, third groups, and without setting a period for re-examination.

Diseases of the ears, throat, nose

surgical removal of the larynx.

Eye injuries, eye diseases

sharply deteriorated visual acuity of both eyes, as an irreversible change (persistent deterioration in visual acuity of one eye (which sees better) up to 0.03 when using correction or concentric narrowing of the visual field of the eyes up to 10 degrees);
complete blindness of the eye or low visual acuity in it up to 0.02 (at the same time, there is no possibility of correction and narrowing of the field of view to 5 degrees), as a consequence of an injury received in the performance of military duties or an injury suffered at home;
complete blindness of the organs of vision.

Note
When changing a disability group that was previously received without setting a re-examination period, which is associated with the acquisition of other diseases from the list of the above diseases, re-examination is carried out after the expiration of the period corresponding to the Regulations on VTEC.

Regulations

The conditions for granting disability are determined by the criteria and classification that are present in the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 1013n dated December 23, 2009. Classifications that are taken into account during the examination by special government agencies, reflect the main violations that occur in the human body due to the development of diseases, injuries, the presence of defects. Also, on the basis of existing classifications, the degree of severity of violations of the functions of the human body is determined. These classifications make it possible to identify the main categories of human activity and to identify the severity of existing limitations. The criteria that are applied when performing the procedure made it possible to form the conditions on the basis of which disability groups are established, the category "disabled child" is determined.

The main violations in the human body consist of the following types:

violations of statodynamic functions, manifested by violations of coordination of movements, statics, motor abilities of the limbs, torso, head;
disorders of mental functions (impaired psychomotor functions, behavior, consciousness, will, thinking, emotional disorders, decreased intelligence, impaired memory, attention and perception);
violations of sensory functions (changes in sensitivity (temperature, pain, tactile), disturbances in touch and smell, hearing and vision loss);
disorders of blood circulation, respiratory, digestive, excretory and hematopoietic functions, functions of internal secretion, metabolism and energy, decreased immunity;
violations of language and speech functions (voice disorders, written (dyslexia, dysgraphia) and oral (aphasia, alalia, stuttering, dysarthria, rhinolalia) speech, other disorders);
violations that are manifested by physical deformity (violation of body size, deformation of the trunk, limbs, head and face, as a manifestation of external deformity, abnormal openings of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts).

Evaluation of indicators that allow to identify persistent disorders in the human body is carried out comprehensively. As a result of its implementation, the degree of severity of violations of body functions is revealed. The severity of violations is determined by the following degrees:

1 degree - mild violations;
2 degree - moderate;
3 degree - expressed.

During the examination, the main categories of human life, specified in the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of December 23, 2009, are taken into account, namely: the ability to control one's behavior, the ability to navigate, self-service, work, independent movement, learning, communication. When carrying out a comprehensive analysis of indicators that reflect the limitations of the main categories of human life, three degrees of their severity are taken into account. The degree of restrictions is set on the basis of data that reflect deviations from the norm, correspond to a certain age of a person.

Self-service ability

This ability of a person is understood as the independent implementation of the necessary physiological needs, which are basic, the ability to engage in daily household activities and to perform personal hygiene on their own.

1 degree:

the ability to take care of oneself independently, but at a significant time cost;
performing the necessary actions in several stages;
carrying out only the most basic tasks, if required - using aids technology.

2nd degree:

partial self-service is possible with regular third-party support;
assistive devices are used where necessary.

3rd degree:

absolute inability to serve themselves on their own;
the presence of constant support of other persons, complete dependence on them.

Ability to move independently

This ability is associated with the ability to move in space and public transport, maintaining balance at rest, with a change in body position and in the process of movement, which is provided by one's own forces.

1 degree:

the ability to move without outside support, but with a significant investment of time;
the detail of the tasks to be performed;
reducing the distance, if necessary - the use of auxiliary means.

2nd degree:

the ability to move independently with the partial and regular support of others;
the use of funds that have an auxiliary purpose, when necessary.

3rd degree:

movement with the help of other persons;
the need for ongoing support.

Orientation ability

The essence of this ability is an adequate perception of the surrounding reality, the ability to assess the situation, determine the time and location.

1 degree:

inability to navigate in situations that are not familiar;
the ability to navigate in familiar situations independently or with the help of special technical means.

2nd degree:

the ability to navigate independently, but only with partial third-party assistance;
use of aids when needed.

3rd degree:

disorientation;
the need for external assistance and constant monitoring.

Ability to communicate

This ability is manifested by the ability to establish contacts with people through the use of such methods as the transfer of information, its processing and perception.

1 degree:

the ability to learn at a low pace and with a small amount of information received and transmitted;
the use of auxiliary devices in the event of such a need;
training in sign language or non-verbal means in connection with an isolated lesion of the hearing organ.

2nd degree:

communication, regularly accompanied by partial third-party assistance;
use of assistive technology.

3rd degree:

inability to learn;
the need for the constant assistance of others.

The ability to control your behavior

This ability is manifested by self-awareness and adequate behavior, taking into account moral, ethical and socio-legal norms.

1 degree:

periodically a person is not able to control his behavior, which can occur when difficult situations arise;
when performing role functions in certain areas of life, difficulties constantly arise, but partial self-correction is possible.

2nd degree:

the constantly occurring decrease in criticism of one's own behavior and the environment;
partial correction in the presence of regular third-party assistance.

3rd degree:

inability to control one's own behavior;
no possibility of correction;
the need for constant assistance or the need for constant supervision.

Ability to learn

This is the ability to perceive, remember, assimilate and produce information of a general educational, professional and other nature, as well as the ability to master various skills and abilities (household, social, professional and cultural).

1 degree:

the ability to study and receive an education that meets a certain level and state educational standards;
the opportunity to study in educational institutions that use special methods and training mode, and, if necessary, assistive technologies and technical means.

2nd degree:

the ability to study only in correctional educational institutions intended for persons with disabilities;
learning at home using special programs and assistive technologies, technical means, if necessary.

3rd degree:

inability to gain knowledge.

Ability to work

The ability to implement tasks, the implementation of which involves labor activity, taking into account the requirements for the content, working conditions, volume and quality.

1 degree:

the ability to engage in labor activities that correspond to normal working conditions, but with a decrease in qualifications, tension, severity of work or with a decrease in its volume;
inability to work in the main profession while maintaining the ability to carry out work of a lower qualification.

2nd degree:

ability to work in special conditions;
the presence of the help of other persons, the use of auxiliary means.

3rd degree:

inability to engage in labor activity of any nature;
contraindication to work.

The Regulation sets out the criteria for establishing a disability group. The first group is provided when health disorders are detected, which are accompanied by severe disorders in the body, and are due to defects, injuries, and diseases that have arisen. The result of such violations are restrictions in different categories of life, which correspond to the third degree. These are limited abilities for self-care, orientation, movement, learning, communication, work, and the ability to control one's own behavior. The violations revealed in a person require his social protection.

The second group of disability is drawn up on the basis of criteria that reflect health disorders with clearly expressed disorders in the body. Disorders are the result of diseases, defects, traumas experienced. They lead to restrictions in the categories of life activity of the second degree. One or more categories may be affected. Possible violations of the ability to orientation, movement, self-service, work, learning, communication, ability to control their actions.

The third group of disability is issued when health disorders with moderate but persistent disorders in the body are detected. Such violations are caused by diseases, defects, injuries. The consequence of their appearance may be restrictions of the first degree in the category of labor activity and other categories, such as the ability to orientate, move, self-service, study, communicate, and the ability to control one's actions. As for the category of "disabled child", it is determined when any disability of various degrees of severity is identified. Restrictions require social protection of persons in whom they are identified, and are established in accordance with the age norm.