Additional education: what does it give? Additional education of the child. Concept for the development of additional education for children Age of children in additional education

Pregnancy

Currently, parents are faced with the fact that without additional education their child cannot enter a prestigious school or university. The usual school curriculum is not enough for this. In principle, additional educational programs for children should be introduced in kindergarten in order to instill in the child the habit of constant additional activities.

Why is modern additional education for children needed?

Additional education is the area of acquiring knowledge and skills beyond the mandatory state standard, which should satisfy the diverse interests of the child.

The main areas of additional education for children and youth are:

scientific and technical;
artistic and aesthetic;
sports;
physical education and health;
ecological and biological;
military-patriotic;
social and pedagogical;
economic and legal;
cultural;
tourism and local history.

This is not a complete list of interests of children and parents. The development of additional education for children is, first of all, connected with the capabilities of the region, as well as with the organization of business by the administration of educational institutions.

The tasks of additional education for preschool and school children include a harmonious combination of the general educational standard with the creation of the necessary conditions for the formation of a creative personality. The main emphasis is on protecting the child’s right to self-determination and self-development.

Problems of additional education for children and youth

One of the main problems of the system of additional education for children of preschool and school age is the unpreparedness of teachers. There is a certain psychological barrier that prevents teachers from treating additional education in the same way as the general standard. As a rule, it is quite difficult for school teachers to break the usual stereotypes and treat the child as an equal.

Therefore, in most cases, additional classes are conducted in an edifying form, practically no different from school lessons. In addition, an obstacle to the widespread development of additional education in kindergartens and schools is the insufficient material base. Often, the local budget does not have funds to pay for extracurricular activities.

In this case, parents are forced to turn to private organizations, paying a lot of money so that their beloved child receives the desired education. True, high payment does not mean a guarantee of quality. The teachers of the private center studied in the same government agencies and their methods of work differ little from those of general education.

Types of additional education institutions for children

Today, there are four types of additional education organizations.

Modeling from clay, designing ships, in-depth study of English - today it is difficult to imagine children's development without various clubs and sections. Some parents try to find a tutor for their child, but additional education for schoolchildren can cope with this. It is carried out both at the schools themselves and in various educational centers.

It's no secret that chess player Anatoly Kasparov, actor Sergei Nikonenko, director Rolan Bykov and many other talented people came from additional education institutions. Unlike school lessons, which every student is forced to attend, regardless of his own aspirations, desires and abilities, a child can choose additional education courses independently. They will help him find and develop his talents.

Today, more and more elite educational institutions, be it schools or universities, require an impressive portfolio, which cannot be compiled without taking courses for schoolchildren. Maybe your child has an excellent ear for music and sings well? Or does he like to collect model airplanes? Or wants to become an ecologist? Additional education will help you identify and develop your child’s talents, as well as find friends with similar interests.

Why do schoolchildren need additional education?

In circles and sections
children learn to communicate
and often find themselves
friends with similar interests

The ability to draw beautifully, win chess tournaments, play the violin, run fast - your child will be able to acquire these and many other abilities in institutions of additional education for schoolchildren. In addition, various clubs and sections can also be an excellent help for studying many school disciplines. Additional education can give a child a lot in terms of upbringing, socialization and development.

Identification and development of abilities. Does your daughter spend a lot of time drawing, but your son constantly disappears on the football field? Or maybe the student doesn’t know what to do with his time? Activities will help your child find himself and develop his own talent. , art schools, science courses - thanks to the wide range of additional education institutions offered today, a student will be able to choose a club in almost any direction.
Socialization. What could be more fun and interesting than doing something in the company of like-minded people?! Clubs are not only a favorite activity, but also communication with children who are passionate about the same thing. Discussing films in a film club, playing basketball and cheering for your team, singing in a choir - additional education courses will help your child make new acquaintances, make friends and interact in society. Often, it is in institutions of additional education that schoolchildren find friends with similar interests, with whom they remain friends for the rest of their lives.
Self-discipline. There is no strict control in clubs, clubs and courses for schoolchildren; the child chooses them based on his abilities and aspirations. So the student himself is interested in his successes and achievements, therefore additional education develops self-control, self-discipline and self-development, which will be useful to him both in regular lessons at school and in other areas of life.
Career guidance. Whether your child plays tennis or loves to craft with clay, any hobby can develop into a profession. Classes at school, as a rule, are limited to a range of certain disciplines, which do not allow everyone to fully reveal their talents. But this allows schoolchildren additional education. Is your child seriously interested in sculpture or playing chess? Perhaps this is a future sculptor or chess player.
Deepening and expanding knowledge in basic and elective disciplines. Additional education courses help not only to demonstrate oneself and one’s talents, but also to improve knowledge in those subjects that students have in the main school curriculum. For example, classes in the law and economics club will help in social studies lessons, and the robotics club will be an excellent assistant in studying physics. A child's tutor can handle the same task. Some courses take .

Directions of additional education

Directions and programs of additional education are completely different, and every child can find something to their liking. According to their specificity, all clubs and courses of additional education are divided into several groups:

Artistic and aesthetic direction(creative studios, music and art schools, dance, literary, theater clubs, etc.);
Cultural direction(book clubs, museology, art and library circles, historical and cultural centers, etc.);
Scientific and technical direction(computer courses, stations for young technicians, clubs for robotics, designing aircraft, ships, etc.);
Natural science direction(geographical, physical, chemical circles, courses in astronomy, medicine, etc.);
Ecological and biological direction(stations for young naturalists, ecology and local history courses, etc.);
Military-patriotic direction(military sports sections, historical and patriotic circles, search work, etc.);
Physical education and sports direction(sports sections, physical therapy, orienteering and tourism clubs, classes in gyms, etc.);
Social and pedagogical direction(circles dedicated to a healthy lifestyle, charitable organizations, social youth movements, etc.);
Economic and legal direction(courses in economics, political science and law).

Mugs make a child
more independent and vaccinate
discipline

Additional education organizations and tutors

Continuing education courses can be conducted at the school where the child is studying or in other educational organizations. At the same time, attending courses at school after school will be much more convenient for the child himself. But, unfortunately, in schools the choice of clubs is limited, and they may not have the required course.

A good option would be an educational center with various clubs that have a common focus. For example, your child is interested in natural sciences. Wouldn't it be great if the chemistry and biology clubs were located in the same place?! The same applies to various art schools, where a child can learn to play a musical instrument, sing and dance.

Tutoring plays a special role in the additional education of schoolchildren. This is especially true in high school when preparing for the State Examination and the Unified State Exam. Tutoring can also help struggling students. When choosing a tutor, pay attention to the teacher's track record and his recommendations. Often school teachers also provide tutoring. Read how to find a good one on our website.

Watch out, time!

When choosing a tutor
need to pay attention
on his work experience
and manner of communication

Of course, clubs and sections are great: in them, the child can do something interesting to him, develop useful skills and find new friends. Therefore, the desire of many parents to send their child to a club is completely justified. However, today various courses for schoolchildren have become a fashionable trend, and therefore some parents are trying to send their child to as many clubs as possible.

With all its advantages, a lot of clubs will not benefit the child at all, because he will have no free time left at all. Classes in most clubs are held twice a week, while children who are seriously involved in sports train almost every day. And do not forget that the child needs to devote time to homework, walks and rest.

If you want to send your child to a club, be sure to pay attention to the correct allocation of time. A student shouldn’t have a busy week! It is better to limit yourself to one or two circles or sections. If your child is very active, for comprehensive development, teachers recommend choosing three different courses: scientific, creative and sports. A larger number of circles is fraught with overwork.

It is also necessary to keep in mind that the child must choose the direction of additional education independently, otherwise he will quickly abandon his endeavor.

Additional education for schoolchildren

Continuing education courses will become a place where your child will definitely meet new friends and like-minded people. Such training will be personally meaningful and will increase the student’s motivation and self-organization. An interesting circle can become not only a place of work, but also of relaxation, because it is impossible to get tired of your favorite activities.

Designing airplanes, playing the flute or figure skating - additional education for schoolchildren will not only be an interesting pastime, but also an opportunity to realize their talents and dreams. Perhaps your child will turn his childhood hobby of photography or wood carving into a profession in which he will achieve great success.

The most important component of the educational space in Russia is additional education for children. It combines education, training, socialization of a young person, supports and develops talented and gifted children, creates a healthy lifestyle, and prevents neglect, delinquency and other asocial phenomena in the environment of children and youth.

Additional education of children is a purposeful process of upbringing and training through the implementation of additional educational programs that fulfill the need of children and adolescents for knowledge and creativity.

The development of the system of additional education in Russia began at the end of the 19th century. At first, circles, clubs, workshops, day shelters for children, and summer health camps began to appear. At the state level, the development of the additional education system began in November 1917.

The rapid development of the system of additional education made it possible by 1940 to create 1,846 out-of-school institutions under the jurisdiction of the ministries of culture, communications, and education. After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet government also paid special attention to the development of a system of additional education. The number of Pioneer Houses, stations for young technicians, naturalists and tourists, Pioneer camps and children's sports schools was constantly increasing.

The development of the additional education system has shown that it is an effective successor to extracurricular and extracurricular work and education. The system of additional education is the basis on which additional education of children is based.

Additional education is an important link in developing a child’s personality. The system of additional education helps students in choosing a future profession and promotes their self-realization.

The system of additional education is not limited by state educational standards. Now the development of the additional education system has reached a new level and is experiencing a new round of development. The modern system of additional education includes three components:

Creation of a territorial network of additional education institutions;

System of training and retraining of teaching staff;

Effective integration of all these three components will create conditions for the further development of the system of additional education.

The system of additional education allows students to create conditions for effective learning and recreation. The main goal of the additional education system is to create technical and methodological opportunities for acquiring knowledge and conditions for the child’s creativity.

Institutions of additional education solve the problem of providing the necessary conditions for personal development, health promotion, professional self-determination, and creative work of children aged 6 to 18 years. Possessing openness, mobility and flexibility, the system of additional education for children is able to quickly and accurately respond to the educational needs of the family, solving the problems of children’s adaptation to life in society, contributing to the formation of a common culture, and allowing them to organize meaningful leisure time.

The main ones are:

· artistic and aesthetic;

· scientific and technical;

· sports and technical;

· ecological and biological;

· physical education and health;

· tourism and local history;

· military-patriotic;

· social and pedagogical;

· cultural;

· economic and legal.

Continuing education programs are implemented both in specialized centers and in general educational institutions. Classes are organized for schoolchildren and students in clubs, sections, studios.

Tasks in the system of additional education for children, the solution of which requires special attention:

Providing guarantees of access to additional education for all groups of children and students, including children with disabilities, children at risk and children in difficult life situations;

Ensuring the quality and effectiveness of additional education for children by improving the content, organizational forms and technologies of additional education for children, developing innovative educational programs, including a technical profile, adaptive sports, providing flexibility, variability, and internal development of additional education;

Development of a support system for gifted children;

Increasing the social status and professional development of teaching and management personnel in the system of additional education for children;

Increasing the efficiency of management of the region’s additional education system;

Creation of a modern infrastructure for a system of additional education for children, strengthening the material and technical base, improving economic relations.

Quite a lot is said today about the relevance of additional education and the need for close interaction between basic and additional education. Let me give you a few more examples.

One of the works assessing the modern education system contains an excerpt from an essay by a tenth-grader. In it, a girl who has almost completed a general secondary education raises the problem of the practical effectiveness of this education. Yes, she writes, I studied drawing, but I don’t know how to draw; I studied singing, but I can’t sing; I was taught to sew, but I can’t sew anything on my own; I studied English, but I can’t communicate in it. And so did many of her classmates. Moreover, they all have only positive ratings. It is clear that one cannot judge the education system as a whole based on one case. But it makes you think. Many of the students to whom this example was given in class agreed with it and confirmed the similar effectiveness of basic education, at least in the practical sphere.

Currently, there is a tendency towards further development of the system of additional education. Additional education differs from basic education in a number of ways:

Profile;

Personal orientation;

Strict practical orientation;

Multi-level.

Additional education, focused on the practical development of various educational fields, can compensate for the above shortcomings of basic education. In addition, the practical and activity-based basis of additional education is expressed in the fact that the child tries to independently solve vital problems for himself, which, of course, has an impact on his development.

Thus, we can say that additional education is today a relevant, full-fledged and necessary component of the lifelong education system. And the completeness of education can be ensured only by the integration of basic and additional education.

What is additional education

Additional education is an educational program offered to people of any age as an extra standard, not included in the State Standard of Education (federal or regional). This is an integral part of the Russian lifelong education system, its special type, which has specifics: non-standardization, compliance with individual educational needs and interests, independence from the age and basic education of students, freely determined duration, voluntary choice of programs by students, individual orientation, auxiliary nature. Additional education can be created by any educational institutions and additional education institutions themselves (clubs, clubs, centers). The content of additional education is a variety of knowledge and skills, various types of activities, including creative ones. This is additional, auxiliary knowledge and skills, including those corresponding to the basic ones (for example, in-depth study of a foreign language), above-standard ones (for example, the study of music, dance), and functional ones (for example, in rehabilitation and restoration of mental functions of a cognitive nature). Additional education performs an adaptive function, bringing learning closer and adapting to the specific life needs of a person, as well as corrective, entertaining (in free time), etc.(Educator's Encyclopedic Dictionary)

Additional education is a process of education and training carried out on the basis of additional educational programs at all levels in order to fully meet the educational needs of citizens, society and the state. (Official terminology , dictionary )

Additional education for children - This an integral part of general education, which goes beyond state educational standards and is implemented through additional educational programs and services both in institutions of additional education for children and in general educational institutions. Among the organizational forms of additional education for children, circles, sections, clubs, and creative associations of various directions predominate: artistic, technical, sports, tourism and local history, etc. It is a direct continuation of out-of-school education.

( Evladova E.B., Loginova L.G., Mikhailova N.N. Additional education for children. - M., 2002. P. 318 )

Educational institution for additional education of children (hereinafter referred to as an institution) is a type of educational institution, the main purpose of which is to develop the individual’s motivation for knowledge and creativity, the implementation of additional educational programs and services in the interests of the individual, society, and the state.

The main tasks of the institution:

· providing the necessary conditions for personal development, health promotion, professional self-determination and creative work of children aged mainly from 6 to 18 years;

· their adaptation to life in society;

· formation of a common culture;

· organization of meaningful leisure;

· meeting children's needs for physical education and sports.